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Author | SHA1 | Date |
---|---|---|
Michael Kerrisk | c2d505de65 | |
Michael Kerrisk | eb0ea88505 | |
Michael Kerrisk | ef0350ce4c | |
Michael Kerrisk | 1875f17753 | |
Alejandro Colomar | 4e7bd2d06b | |
Peter Collingbourne | 7dd4af5158 | |
Michael Kerrisk | 9b6cce9936 | |
Alejandro Colomar | 06501029e1 | |
Michael Kerrisk | 5e833e276d | |
Michael Kerrisk | e6b7a7b823 | |
Alejandro Colomar | c6d8334b58 | |
James O. D. Hunt | 87ce949275 | |
Alejandro Colomar | 71a62d6c3c | |
Michael Kerrisk | c8219af767 | |
Michael Kerrisk | 5d9f0bc6c5 | |
Pali Rohár | 572422a678 | |
Pali Rohár | aad1f0e890 | |
Pali Rohár | 95dedaa061 | |
Michael Kerrisk | d192b1c7b4 | |
Pali Rohár | 19ddd96b52 | |
Alejandro Colomar | a53fba5e42 | |
Pali Rohár | 4e972a7c84 | |
Pali Rohár | 69452aadaf | |
Pali Rohár | b9a8ee5a97 | |
Štěpán Němec | dbba2b268b | |
наб | dc2c64be7a | |
G. Branden Robinson | c99dbb2776 | |
Michael Weiß | 1b8089e1d1 | |
Michael Kerrisk | 9b94b63df5 |
|
@ -23,14 +23,11 @@ ldd \- print shared object dependencies
|
|||
prints the shared objects (shared libraries) required by each program or
|
||||
shared object specified on the command line.
|
||||
An example of its use and output
|
||||
(using
|
||||
.BR sed (1)
|
||||
to trim leading white space for readability in this page)
|
||||
is the following:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.in +4n
|
||||
.EX
|
||||
$ \fBldd /bin/ls | sed \(aqs/^ */ /\(aq\fP
|
||||
$ \fBldd /bin/ls\fP
|
||||
linux\-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcc3563000)
|
||||
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f87e5459000)
|
||||
libcap.so.2 => /lib64/libcap.so.2 (0x00007f87e5254000)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -245,7 +245,8 @@ and
|
|||
.IR intcurrsym .
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B \-\-posix
|
||||
Conform strictly to POSIX. Implies
|
||||
Conform strictly to POSIX.
|
||||
Implies
|
||||
.BR \-\-verbose .
|
||||
This option currently has no other effect.
|
||||
POSIX conformance is assumed if the environment variable
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -358,8 +358,8 @@ call will still fail.
|
|||
These calls
|
||||
may not work correctly on NFSv2 filesystems with UID mapping enabled,
|
||||
because UID mapping is done on the server and hidden from the client,
|
||||
which checks permissions. (NFS versions 3 and higher perform the check on
|
||||
the server.)
|
||||
which checks permissions.
|
||||
(NFS versions 3 and higher perform the check on the server.)
|
||||
Similar problems can occur to FUSE mounts.
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -33,9 +33,6 @@ close_range \- close all file descriptors in a given range
|
|||
.BI "int close_range(unsigned int " first ", unsigned int " last ,
|
||||
.BI " unsigned int " flags );
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.IR Note :
|
||||
There is no glibc wrapper for this system call; see NOTES.
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR close_range ()
|
||||
|
@ -100,8 +97,6 @@ Library support was added in glibc in version 2.34.
|
|||
.BR close_range ()
|
||||
is a nonstandard function that is also present on FreeBSD.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Glibc does not provide a wrapper for this system call; call it using
|
||||
.BR syscall (2).
|
||||
.SS Closing all open file descriptors
|
||||
.\" 278a5fbaed89dacd04e9d052f4594ffd0e0585de
|
||||
To avoid blindly closing file descriptors
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -685,7 +685,8 @@ These are legal only for the superuser or the owner of the current terminal.
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B "TIOCLINUX, subcode=0"
|
||||
Dump the screen.
|
||||
Disappeared in Linux 1.1.92. (With kernel 1.1.92 or later, read from
|
||||
Disappeared in Linux 1.1.92.
|
||||
(With kernel 1.1.92 or later, read from
|
||||
.I /dev/vcsN
|
||||
or
|
||||
.I /dev/vcsaN
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ The
|
|||
operation requires privilege
|
||||
.RB ( CAP_SYS_ADMIN ).
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
On success zero is returned. On error, \-1 is returned, and
|
||||
On success zero is returned.
|
||||
On error, \-1 is returned, and
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
is set to indicate the error.
|
||||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
|
@ -77,7 +78,8 @@ The maximum string length for this interface is
|
|||
.BR FSLABEL_MAX ,
|
||||
including the terminating null byte (\(aq\\0\(aq).
|
||||
Filesystems have differing maximum label lengths, which may or
|
||||
may not include the terminating null. The string provided to
|
||||
may not include the terminating null.
|
||||
The string provided to
|
||||
.B FS_IOC_SETFSLABEL
|
||||
must always be null-terminated, and the string returned by
|
||||
.B FS_IOC_GETFSLABEL
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -71,6 +71,67 @@ Equivalent to
|
|||
Allow the output buffer to drain, discard pending input, and
|
||||
set the current serial port settings.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The following four ioctls, added in Linux 2.6.20,
|
||||
.\" commit 64bb6c5e1ddcd47c951740485026ef08975ee2e6
|
||||
.\" commit 592ee3a5e5e2a981ef2829a0380093006d045661
|
||||
are just like
|
||||
.BR TCGETS ,
|
||||
.BR TCSETS ,
|
||||
.BR TCSETSW ,
|
||||
.BR TCSETSF ,
|
||||
except that they take a
|
||||
.I "struct termios2\ *"
|
||||
instead of a
|
||||
.IR "struct termios\ *" .
|
||||
If the structure member
|
||||
.B c_cflag
|
||||
contains the flag
|
||||
.BR BOTHER ,
|
||||
then the baud rate is stored in the structure members
|
||||
.B c_ispeed
|
||||
and
|
||||
.B c_ospeed
|
||||
as integer values.
|
||||
These ioctls are not supported on all architectures.
|
||||
.RS
|
||||
.TS
|
||||
lb l.
|
||||
TCGETS2 \fBstruct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
TCSETS2 \fBconst struct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
TCSETSW2 \fBconst struct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
TCSETSF2 \fBconst struct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
.TE
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The following four ioctls are just like
|
||||
.BR TCGETS ,
|
||||
.BR TCSETS ,
|
||||
.BR TCSETSW ,
|
||||
.BR TCSETSF ,
|
||||
except that they take a
|
||||
.I "struct termios2\ *"
|
||||
instead of a
|
||||
.IR "struct termios\ *" .
|
||||
If the structure member
|
||||
.B c_cflag
|
||||
contains the flag
|
||||
.B BOTHER
|
||||
then, the baud rate is stored in the structure members
|
||||
.B c_ispeed
|
||||
and
|
||||
.B c_ospeed
|
||||
as integer values.
|
||||
These ioctls are not supported on all architectures.
|
||||
.RS
|
||||
.TS
|
||||
lb l.
|
||||
TCGETS2 \fBstruct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
TCSETS2 \fBconst struct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
TCSETSW2 \fBconst struct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
TCSETSF2 \fBconst struct termios2 *\fPargp
|
||||
.TE
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The following four ioctls are just like
|
||||
.BR TCGETS ,
|
||||
.BR TCSETS ,
|
||||
|
@ -701,7 +762,8 @@ Insufficient permission.
|
|||
Check the condition of DTR on the serial port.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.EX
|
||||
#include <termios.h>
|
||||
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||
#include <unistd.h>
|
||||
#include <fcntl.h>
|
||||
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -439,7 +439,8 @@ call.
|
|||
.B EAGAIN
|
||||
.BR RESOLVE_CACHED
|
||||
was set, and the open operation cannot be performed using only cached
|
||||
information. The caller should retry without
|
||||
information.
|
||||
The caller should retry without
|
||||
.B RESOLVE_CACHED
|
||||
set in
|
||||
.I how.resolve .
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -141,9 +141,7 @@ are atomic: the data written by
|
|||
.\" Regarding atomicity, see https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10596
|
||||
.BR writev ()
|
||||
is written as a single block that is not intermingled with output
|
||||
from writes in other processes (but see
|
||||
.BR pipe (7)
|
||||
for an exception);
|
||||
from writes in other processes;
|
||||
analogously,
|
||||
.BR readv ()
|
||||
is guaranteed to read a contiguous block of data from the file,
|
||||
|
|
136
man2/sigaction.2
136
man2/sigaction.2
|
@ -261,6 +261,44 @@ This flag is meaningful only when establishing a signal handler.
|
|||
.\" .I sa_sigaction
|
||||
.\" field was added in Linux 2.1.86.)
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B SA_UNSUPPORTED
|
||||
Used to dynamically probe for flag bit support.
|
||||
.IP
|
||||
If an attempt to register a handler succeeds with this flag set in
|
||||
.I act\->sa_flags
|
||||
alongside other flags that are potentially unsupported by the kernel,
|
||||
and an immediately subsequent
|
||||
.BR sigaction ()
|
||||
call specifying the same signal number and with a non-NULL
|
||||
.I oldact
|
||||
argument yields
|
||||
.B SA_UNSUPPORTED
|
||||
.I clear
|
||||
in
|
||||
.IR oldact->sa_flags ,
|
||||
then
|
||||
.I oldact->sa_flags
|
||||
may be used as a bitmask
|
||||
describing which of the potentially unsupported flags are,
|
||||
in fact, supported.
|
||||
See the section "Dynamically probing for flag bit support"
|
||||
below for more details.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.BR SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS " (since Linux 5.11)"
|
||||
Normally, when delivering a signal,
|
||||
an architecture-specific set of tag bits are cleared from the
|
||||
.I si_addr
|
||||
field of
|
||||
.IR siginfo_t .
|
||||
If this flag is set,
|
||||
an architecture-specific subset of the tag bits will be preserved in
|
||||
.IR si_addr .
|
||||
.IP
|
||||
Programs that need to be compatible with Linux versions older than 5.11
|
||||
must use
|
||||
.B SA_UNSUPPORTED
|
||||
to probe for support.
|
||||
.SS The siginfo_t argument to a SA_SIGINFO handler
|
||||
When the
|
||||
.B SA_SIGINFO
|
||||
|
@ -846,6 +884,61 @@ Triggered by a
|
|||
.BR seccomp (2)
|
||||
filter rule.
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SS Dynamically probing for flag bit support
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR sigaction ()
|
||||
call on Linux accepts unknown bits set in
|
||||
.I act\->sa_flags
|
||||
without error.
|
||||
The behavior of the kernel starting with Linux 5.11 is that a second
|
||||
.BR sigaction ()
|
||||
will clear unknown bits from
|
||||
.IR oldact\->sa_flags .
|
||||
However, historically, a second
|
||||
.BR sigaction ()
|
||||
call would typically leave those bits set in
|
||||
.IR oldact\->sa_flags .
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This means that support for new flags cannot be detected
|
||||
simply by testing for a flag in
|
||||
.IR sa_flags ,
|
||||
and a program must test that
|
||||
.B SA_UNSUPPORTED
|
||||
has been cleared before relying on the contents of
|
||||
.IR sa_flags .
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Since the behavior of the signal handler cannot be guaranteed
|
||||
unless the check passes,
|
||||
it is wise to either block the affected signal
|
||||
while registering the handler and performing the check in this case,
|
||||
or where this is not possible,
|
||||
for example if the signal is synchronous, to issue the second
|
||||
.BR sigaction ()
|
||||
in the signal handler itself.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
In kernels that do not support a specific flag,
|
||||
the kernel's behavior is as if the flag was not set,
|
||||
even if the flag was set in
|
||||
.IR act\->sa_flags .
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The flags
|
||||
.BR SA_NOCLDSTOP ,
|
||||
.BR SA_NOCLDWAIT ,
|
||||
.BR SA_SIGINFO ,
|
||||
.BR SA_ONSTACK ,
|
||||
.BR SA_RESTART ,
|
||||
.BR SA_NODEFER ,
|
||||
.BR SA_RESETHAND ,
|
||||
and, if defined by the architecture,
|
||||
.B SA_RESTORER
|
||||
may not be reliably probed for using this mechanism,
|
||||
because they were introduced before Linux 5.11.
|
||||
However, in general, programs may assume that these flags are supported,
|
||||
since they have all been supported since Linux 2.6,
|
||||
which was released in the year 2003.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
See EXAMPLES below for a demonstration of the use of
|
||||
.BR SA_UNSUPPORTED .
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
.BR sigaction ()
|
||||
returns 0 on success; on error, \-1 is returned, and
|
||||
|
@ -1051,6 +1144,49 @@ This bug was fixed in kernel 2.6.14.
|
|||
.SH EXAMPLES
|
||||
See
|
||||
.BR mprotect (2).
|
||||
.SS Probing for flag support
|
||||
The following example program exits with status
|
||||
.B EXIT_SUCCESS
|
||||
if
|
||||
.B SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS
|
||||
is determined to be supported, and
|
||||
.B EXIT_FAILURE
|
||||
otherwise.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.EX
|
||||
#include <signal.h>
|
||||
#include <stdlib.h>
|
||||
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||
#include <unistd.h>
|
||||
|
||||
void
|
||||
handler(int signo, siginfo_t *info, void *context)
|
||||
{
|
||||
struct sigaction oldact;
|
||||
|
||||
if (sigaction(SIGSEGV, NULL, &oldact) == \-1 ||
|
||||
(oldact.sa_flags & SA_UNSUPPORTED) ||
|
||||
!(oldact.sa_flags & SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS)) {
|
||||
_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
|
||||
}
|
||||
_exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
int
|
||||
main(void)
|
||||
{
|
||||
struct sigaction act = { 0 };
|
||||
|
||||
act.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | SA_UNSUPPORTED | SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS;
|
||||
act.sa_sigaction = &handler;
|
||||
if (sigaction(SIGSEGV, &act, NULL) == \-1) {
|
||||
perror("sigaction");
|
||||
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
raise(SIGSEGV);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.EE
|
||||
.SH SEE ALSO
|
||||
.BR kill (1),
|
||||
.BR kill (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -412,6 +412,10 @@ T}
|
|||
.\" Was named sys_kexec_load() from 2.6.7 to 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBkeyctl\fP(2) 2.6.10
|
||||
\fBkill\fP(2) 1.0
|
||||
\fBlandlock_add_rule\fP(2) 5.13
|
||||
\fBlandlock_create_ruleset\fP(2) 5.13
|
||||
\fBlandlock_restrict_self\fP(2) 5.13
|
||||
\fBlandlock_add_rule\fP(2) 5.13
|
||||
\fBlchown\fP(2) 1.0 T{
|
||||
See \fBchown\fP(2) for
|
||||
version details
|
||||
|
@ -562,6 +566,7 @@ T}
|
|||
\fBpwritev2\fP(2) 4.6
|
||||
\fBquery_module\fP(2) 2.2 Removed in 2.6
|
||||
\fBquotactl\fP(2) 1.0
|
||||
\fBquotactl_path\fP(2) 5.13
|
||||
\fBread\fP(2) 1.0
|
||||
\fBreadahead\fP(2) 2.4.13
|
||||
\fBreaddir\fP(2) 1.0
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -293,7 +293,8 @@ returning the number of bytes actually transferred.
|
|||
An error return value while performing
|
||||
.BR write ()
|
||||
using direct I/O does not mean the
|
||||
entire write has failed. Partial data may be written
|
||||
entire write has failed.
|
||||
Partial data may be written
|
||||
and the data at the file offset on which the
|
||||
.BR write ()
|
||||
was attempted should be considered inconsistent.
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -153,12 +153,15 @@ There are several scenarios when the address of a global symbol is NULL.
|
|||
For example, a symbol can be placed at zero address by the linker, via
|
||||
a linker script or with
|
||||
.I \-\-defsym
|
||||
command-line option. Undefined weak symbols also have NULL value.
|
||||
command-line option.
|
||||
Undefined weak symbols also have NULL value.
|
||||
Finally, the symbol value may be the result of
|
||||
a GNU indirect function (IFUNC) resolver function that returns
|
||||
NULL as the resolved value. In the latter case,
|
||||
NULL as the resolved value.
|
||||
In the latter case,
|
||||
.BR dlsym ()
|
||||
also returns NULL without error. However, in the former two cases, the
|
||||
also returns NULL without error.
|
||||
However, in the former two cases, the
|
||||
behavior of GNU dynamic linker is inconsistent: relocation processing
|
||||
succeeds and the symbol can be observed to have NULL value, but
|
||||
.BR dlsym ()
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ A legitimate option character is any visible one byte
|
|||
.BR ascii (7)
|
||||
character (for which
|
||||
.BR isgraph (3)
|
||||
would return nonzero) that is not \(aq\-\(aq or \(aq:\(aq.
|
||||
would return nonzero) that is not \(aq\-\(aq, \(aq:\(aq, or \(aq;\(aq.
|
||||
If such a
|
||||
character is followed by a colon, the option requires an argument, so
|
||||
.BR getopt ()
|
||||
|
@ -166,9 +166,18 @@ If the first character of
|
|||
.B POSIXLY_CORRECT
|
||||
is set, then option processing stops as soon as a nonoption argument is
|
||||
encountered.
|
||||
If \(aq+\(aq is not the first character of
|
||||
.IR optstring ,
|
||||
it is treated as a normal option.
|
||||
If
|
||||
.B POSIXLY_CORRECT
|
||||
behaviour is required in this case
|
||||
.I optstring
|
||||
will contain two \(aq+\(aq symbols.
|
||||
If the first character of \fIoptstring\fP is \(aq\-\(aq, then
|
||||
each nonoption \fIargv\fP-element is handled as if it were the argument of
|
||||
an option with character code 1. (This is used by programs that were
|
||||
an option with character code 1.
|
||||
(This is used by programs that were
|
||||
written to expect options and other \fIargv\fP-elements in any order
|
||||
and that care about the ordering of the two.)
|
||||
The special argument "\-\-" forces an end of option-scanning regardless
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ conversion specification.)
|
|||
.BR T_FMT_AMPM \ (LC_TIME)
|
||||
Return a string that can be used as a format string for
|
||||
.BR strftime (3)
|
||||
to represent a time in a.m. or p.m. notation a locale-specific way
|
||||
to represent a time in a.m. or p.m. notation in a locale-specific way
|
||||
.RB ( %r
|
||||
conversion specification).
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
|
@ -200,7 +200,8 @@ for alternative representation of a time in a locale-specific way
|
|||
conversion specification).
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.BR DAY_ "{1\(en7} (LC_TIME)"
|
||||
Return name of the \fIn\fP-th day of the week. [Warning: this follows
|
||||
Return name of the \fIn\fP-th day of the week.
|
||||
[Warning: this follows
|
||||
the US convention DAY_1 = Sunday, not the international convention
|
||||
(ISO 8601) that Monday is the first day of the week.]
|
||||
(Used in
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ All regular expression searching must be done via a compiled pattern
|
|||
buffer, thus
|
||||
.BR regexec ()
|
||||
must always be supplied with the address of a
|
||||
.BR regcomp ()
|
||||
initialized pattern buffer.
|
||||
.BR regcomp ()-initialized
|
||||
pattern buffer.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.I cflags
|
||||
is the
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -331,7 +331,8 @@ Ignore modem control lines.
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B LOBLK
|
||||
(not in POSIX) Block output from a noncurrent shell layer.
|
||||
For use by \fBshl\fP (shell layers). (Not implemented on Linux.)
|
||||
For use by \fBshl\fP (shell layers).
|
||||
(Not implemented on Linux.)
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B CIBAUD
|
||||
(not in POSIX) Mask for input speeds.
|
||||
|
@ -945,24 +946,76 @@ to by \fItermios_p\fP to \fIspeed\fP, which must be one of these constants:
|
|||
B57600
|
||||
B115200
|
||||
B230400
|
||||
B460800
|
||||
B500000
|
||||
B576000
|
||||
B921600
|
||||
B1000000
|
||||
B1152000
|
||||
B1500000
|
||||
B2000000
|
||||
.ft P
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The zero baud rate, \fBB0\fP,
|
||||
These constants are additionally supported on the SPARC architecture:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.ft B
|
||||
B76800
|
||||
B153600
|
||||
B307200
|
||||
B614400
|
||||
.ft P
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
These constants are additionally supported on non-SPARC architectures:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.ft B
|
||||
B2500000
|
||||
B3000000
|
||||
B3500000
|
||||
B4000000
|
||||
.ft P
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Due to differences between architectures, portable applications should check
|
||||
if a particular
|
||||
.BI B nnn
|
||||
constant is defined prior to using it.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The zero baud rate,
|
||||
.BR B0 ,
|
||||
is used to terminate the connection.
|
||||
If B0 is specified, the modem control lines shall no longer be asserted.
|
||||
Normally, this will disconnect the line.
|
||||
\fBCBAUDEX\fP is a mask
|
||||
.B CBAUDEX
|
||||
is a mask
|
||||
for the speeds beyond those defined in POSIX.1 (57600 and above).
|
||||
Thus, \fBB57600\fP & \fBCBAUDEX\fP is nonzero.
|
||||
Thus,
|
||||
.BR B57600 " & " CBAUDEX
|
||||
is nonzero.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Setting the baud rate to a value other than those defined by
|
||||
.BI B nnn
|
||||
constants is possible via the
|
||||
.B TCSETS2
|
||||
ioctl; see
|
||||
.BR ioctl_tty (2).
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.BR cfgetispeed ()
|
||||
returns the input baud rate stored in the \fItermios\fP structure.
|
||||
returns the input baud rate stored in the
|
||||
.I termios
|
||||
structure.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.BR cfsetispeed ()
|
||||
sets the input baud rate stored in the \fItermios\fP structure to
|
||||
sets the input baud rate stored in the
|
||||
.I termios
|
||||
structure to
|
||||
.IR speed ,
|
||||
which must be specified as one of the \fBBnnn\fP constants listed above for
|
||||
which must be specified as one of the
|
||||
.BI B nnn
|
||||
constants listed above for
|
||||
.BR cfsetospeed ().
|
||||
If the input baud rate is set to zero, the input baud rate will be
|
||||
equal to the output baud rate.
|
||||
|
@ -1056,8 +1109,14 @@ and
|
|||
are nonstandard, but available on the BSDs.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
UNIX\ V7 and several later systems have a list of baud rates
|
||||
where after the fourteen values B0, ..., B9600 one finds the
|
||||
two constants EXTA, EXTB ("External A" and "External B").
|
||||
where after the values
|
||||
.BR B0
|
||||
through
|
||||
.B B9600
|
||||
one finds the two constants
|
||||
.BR EXTA ,
|
||||
.B EXTB
|
||||
("External A" and "External B").
|
||||
Many systems extend the list with much higher baud rates.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The effect of a nonzero \fIduration\fP with
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ xencrypt, xdecrypt, passwd2des \- RFS password encryption
|
|||
.fi
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.BR WARNING :
|
||||
Do not use these functions in new code. They do not achieve
|
||||
any type of acceptable cryptographic security guarantees.
|
||||
Do not use these functions in new code.
|
||||
They do not achieve any type of acceptable cryptographic security guarantees.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The function
|
||||
.BR passwd2des ()
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ You can explicitly deny access to a host by preceding the
|
|||
.I hostname
|
||||
by a minus (\-) sign.
|
||||
Users from that host must always supply additional credentials,
|
||||
including possibly a password. For security reasons you should always
|
||||
including possibly a password.
|
||||
For security reasons you should always
|
||||
use the FQDN of the hostname and not the short hostname.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -102,9 +102,10 @@ Shadow user passwords, used by
|
|||
.BR getspnam (3)
|
||||
and related functions.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The GNU C Library ignores databases with unknown names. Some
|
||||
applications use this to implement special handling for their own
|
||||
databases. For example,
|
||||
The GNU C Library ignores databases with unknown names.
|
||||
Some applications use this to implement special handling for their own
|
||||
databases.
|
||||
For example,
|
||||
.BR sudo (8)
|
||||
consults the
|
||||
.B sudoers
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ was eventually made official with the release of Linux 4.5.
|
|||
Differences between the two versions are described in the text below.
|
||||
The file
|
||||
.IR cgroup.sane_behavior ,
|
||||
present in cgroups v1, is a relic of this mount option. The file
|
||||
always reports "0" and is only retained for backward compatibility.
|
||||
present in cgroups v1, is a relic of this mount option.
|
||||
The file always reports "0" and is only retained for backward compatibility.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Although cgroups v2 is intended as a replacement for cgroups v1,
|
||||
the older system continues to exist
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -525,7 +525,8 @@ If there is a single such prototype that needs to be continued,
|
|||
then align the continuation line so that when the page is
|
||||
rendered on a fixed-width font device (e.g., on an xterm) the
|
||||
continuation line starts just below the start of the argument
|
||||
list in the line above. (Exception: the indentation may be
|
||||
list in the line above.
|
||||
(Exception: the indentation may be
|
||||
adjusted if necessary to prevent a very long continuation line
|
||||
or a further continuation line where the function prototype is
|
||||
very long.)
|
||||
|
@ -541,7 +542,8 @@ As an example:
|
|||
But, where multiple functions in the SYNOPSIS require
|
||||
continuation lines, and the function names have different
|
||||
lengths, then align all continuation lines to start in the
|
||||
same column. This provides a nicer rendering in PDF output
|
||||
same column.
|
||||
This provides a nicer rendering in PDF output
|
||||
(because the SYNOPSIS uses a variable width font where
|
||||
spaces render narrower than most characters).
|
||||
As an example:
|
||||
|
@ -638,7 +640,7 @@ makes it easier to write tools that parse man page source files.)
|
|||
.SS Use semantic newlines
|
||||
In the source of a manual page,
|
||||
new sentences should be started on new lines,
|
||||
and long sentences should split into lines at clause breaks
|
||||
and long sentences should be split into lines at clause breaks
|
||||
(commas, semicolons, colons, and so on).
|
||||
This convention, sometimes known as "semantic newlines",
|
||||
makes it easier to see the effect of patches,
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ Time CLONE_NEWTIME \fBtime_namespaces\fP(7) T{
|
|||
Boot and monotonic
|
||||
clocks
|
||||
T}
|
||||
User CLONE_NEWUSER \fBuser_namespaces\fP(7) T{User and group IDs
|
||||
User CLONE_NEWUSER \fBuser_namespaces\fP(7) T{
|
||||
User and group IDs
|
||||
T}
|
||||
UTS CLONE_NEWUTS \fButs_namespaces\fP(7) T{
|
||||
Hostname and NIS
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -189,7 +189,8 @@ message signals an error and the payload contains an
|
|||
.I nlmsgerr
|
||||
structure,
|
||||
.B NLMSG_DONE
|
||||
message terminates a multipart message. Error messages get the
|
||||
message terminates a multipart message.
|
||||
Error messages get the
|
||||
original request appened, unless the user requests to cap the
|
||||
error message, and get extra error data if requested.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -177,10 +177,11 @@ with the
|
|||
flag set (though note that this also restricts bind mount traversal).
|
||||
.SS Trailing slashes
|
||||
If a pathname ends in a \(aq/\(aq, that forces resolution of the preceding
|
||||
component as in Step 2: it has to exist and resolve to a directory.
|
||||
component as in Step 2:
|
||||
the component preceding the slash either exists and resolves to a directory
|
||||
of it names a directory that is to be created immediately after the
|
||||
pathname is resolved.
|
||||
Otherwise, a trailing \(aq/\(aq is ignored.
|
||||
(Or, equivalently, a pathname with a trailing \(aq/\(aq is equivalent to
|
||||
the pathname obtained by appending \(aq.\(aq to it.)
|
||||
.SS Final symlink
|
||||
If the last component of a pathname is a symbolic link, then it
|
||||
depends on the system call whether the file referred to will be
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -244,9 +244,7 @@ and
|
|||
limits; see BUGS.
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.SS PIPE_BUF
|
||||
POSIX.1 says that
|
||||
.BR write (2)s
|
||||
of less than
|
||||
POSIX.1 says that writes of less than
|
||||
.B PIPE_BUF
|
||||
bytes must be atomic: the output data is written to the pipe as a
|
||||
contiguous sequence.
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -1247,7 +1247,8 @@ Alternatively,
|
|||
or
|
||||
.IR <wordexp.h> .
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Used for a count of bytes. It is the result of the
|
||||
Used for a count of bytes.
|
||||
It is the result of the
|
||||
.I sizeof
|
||||
operator.
|
||||
According to the C language standard,
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ reference to it is closed.
|
|||
To pass file descriptors or credentials over a
|
||||
.BR SOCK_STREAM
|
||||
socket, you must
|
||||
to send or receive at least one byte of nonancillary data in the same
|
||||
send or receive at least one byte of nonancillary data in the same
|
||||
.BR sendmsg (2)
|
||||
or
|
||||
.BR recvmsg (2)
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue