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ip.7: grfix
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man7/ip.7
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man7/ip.7
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@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ should bind a socket to a local interface address using
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Only one IP socket may be bound to any given local (address, port) pair.
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When
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.B INADDR_ANY
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is specified in the bind call the socket will be bound to
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is specified in the bind call, the socket will be bound to
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.I all
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local interfaces.
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When
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@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ addresses address all hosts in a multicast group.
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Datagrams to broadcast addresses can be only sent or received when the
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.B SO_BROADCAST
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socket flag is set.
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In the current implementation connection oriented sockets are only allowed
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In the current implementation, connection-oriented sockets are only allowed
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to use unicast addresses.
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.\" Leave a loophole for XTP @)
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@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ is not zero, then it is used as the local source address for the routing
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table lookup and for setting up IP source route options.
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When
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.I ipi_ifindex
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is not zero the primary local address of the interface specified by the
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is not zero, the primary local address of the interface specified by the
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index overwrites
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.I ipi_spec_dst
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for the routing table lookup.
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@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ sockets.
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.TP
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.B IP_RETOPTS
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Identical to
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.B IP_RECVOPTS
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.BR IP_RECVOPTS ,
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but returns raw unprocessed options with timestamp and route record
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options not filled in for this hop.
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.TP
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@ -348,11 +348,11 @@ socket option (see
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.BR socket (7)).
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.TP
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.B IP_TTL
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Set or retrieve the current time to live field that is used in every packet
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Set or retrieve the current time-to-live field that is used in every packet
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sent from this socket.
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.TP
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.B IP_HDRINCL
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If enabled
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If enabled,
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the user supplies an IP header in front of the user data.
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Only valid for
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.B SOCK_RAW
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@ -369,10 +369,10 @@ are ignored.
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.TP
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.BR IP_RECVERR " (defined in \fI<linux/errqueue.h>\fP)"
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Enable extended reliable error message passing.
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When enabled on a datagram socket all
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When enabled on a datagram socket, all
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generated errors will be queued in a per-socket error queue.
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When the user
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receives an error from a socket operation the errors can
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receives an error from a socket operation, the errors can
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be received by calling
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.BR recvmsg (2)
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with the
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@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ for a socket.
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When enabled, Linux will perform Path MTU Discovery
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as defined in RFC\ 1191
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on this socket.
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The don't fragment flag is set on all outgoing datagrams.
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The don't-fragment flag is set on all outgoing datagrams.
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The system-wide default is controlled by the
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.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc
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file for
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@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ file for
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sockets, and disabled on all others.
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For
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.RB non- SOCK_STREAM
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sockets it is the user's responsibility to packetize the data
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sockets, it is the user's responsibility to packetize the data
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in MTU sized chunks and to do the retransmits if necessary.
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The kernel will reject packets that are bigger than the known
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path MTU if this flag is set (with
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@ -539,35 +539,35 @@ IP_PMTUDISC_DO:Always do Path MTU Discovery.
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IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE:Set DF but ignore Path MTU.
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.TE
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When PMTU discovery is enabled the kernel automatically keeps track of
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When PMTU discovery is enabled, the kernel automatically keeps track of
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the path MTU per destination host.
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When it is connected to a specific peer with
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.BR connect (2)
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.BR connect (2),
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the currently known path MTU can be retrieved conveniently using the
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.B IP_MTU
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socket option (e.g., after a
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.B EMSGSIZE
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error occurred).
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It may change over time.
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For connectionless sockets with many destinations
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the new also MTU for a given destination can also be accessed using the
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For connectionless sockets with many destinations,
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the new MTU for a given destination can also be accessed using the
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error queue (see
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.BR IP_RECVERR ).
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A new error will be queued for every incoming MTU update.
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While MTU discovery is in progress initial packets from datagram sockets
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While MTU discovery is in progress, initial packets from datagram sockets
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may be dropped.
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Applications using UDP should be aware of this and not
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take it into account for their packet retransmit strategy.
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To bootstrap the path MTU discovery process on unconnected sockets it
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To bootstrap the path MTU discovery process on unconnected sockets, it
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is possible to start with a big datagram size
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(up to 64K-headers bytes long) and let it shrink by updates of the
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path MTU.
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.\" FIXME this is an ugly hack
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To get an initial estimate of the
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path MTU connect a datagram socket to the destination address using
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path MTU, connect a datagram socket to the destination address using
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.BR connect (2)
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and retrieve the MTU by calling
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.BR getsockopt (2)
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@ -600,17 +600,16 @@ IP Router Alert
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option
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set to this socket.
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Only valid for raw sockets.
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This is useful, for instance, for user
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space RSVP daemons.
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The tapped packets are not forwarded by the kernel, it is
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the users responsibility to send them out again.
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This is useful, for instance, for user-space RSVP daemons.
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The tapped packets are not forwarded by the kernel; it is
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the user's responsibility to send them out again.
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Socket binding is ignored,
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such packets are only filtered by protocol.
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Expects an integer flag.
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.\"
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.TP
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.B IP_MULTICAST_TTL
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Set or reads the time-to-live value of outgoing multicast packets for this
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Set or read the time-to-live value of outgoing multicast packets for this
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socket.
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It is very important for multicast packets to set the smallest TTL possible.
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The default is 1 which means that multicast packets don't leave the local
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