s/'/\\'/ to improve rendering in UTF-8.

man1/ldd.1

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ and only has the equivalent
 .BR \-\-version .
 .LP
 The libc5 version of this program will use the name of a library given
-on the command line as-is when it contains a '/'; otherwise it
+on the command line as-is when it contains a \'/\'; otherwise it
 searches for the library in the standard locations.
 To run it
 on a shared library in the current directory, prefix the name with "./".

man2/chdir.2

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ is not a valid file descriptor.
 SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
 .SH NOTES
 The current working directory is the starting point for interpreting
-relative pathnames (those not starting with '/').
+relative pathnames (those not starting with \'/\').
 
 A child process created via
 .BR fork (2)

man2/chown.2

@@ -217,14 +217,14 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
     struct passwd *pwd;
     char *endptr;
 
-    if (argc != 3 || argv[1][0] == '\\0') {
+    if (argc != 3 || argv[1][0] == \'\\0\') {
         fprintf(stderr, "%s <owner> <file>\\n", argv[0]);
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
 
     uid = strtol(argv[1], &endptr, 10);  /* Allow a numeric string */
 
-    if (*endptr != '\\0') {         /* Was not pure numeric string */
+    if (*endptr != \'\\0\') {         /* Was not pure numeric string */
         pwd = getpwnam(argv[1]);   /* Try getting UID for username */
         if (pwd == NULL) {
             perror("getpwnam");

man2/listxattr.2

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ size of a buffer which is sufficiently large to hold the list of names.
 The
 .I list
 of names is returned as an unordered array of null-terminated character
-strings (attribute names are separated by null bytes ('\\0')), like this:
+strings (attribute names are separated by null bytes (\'\\0\')), like this:
 .fam C
 .RS
 .nf

man2/lseek.2

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ The
 function allows the file offset to be set beyond the end
 of the file (but this does not change the size of the file).
 If data is later written at this point, subsequent reads of the data
-in the gap (a "hole") return null bytes ('\\0') until
+in the gap (a "hole") return null bytes (\'\\0\') until
 data is actually written into the gap.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 Upon successful completion,

man2/mount.2

@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ Or, a move
 .RB ( MS_MOVE )
 was attempted, but
 .I source
-was not a mount point, or was '/'.
+was not a mount point, or was \'/\'.
 Or, an unmount was attempted, but
 .I target
 was not a mount point.

man2/mprotect.2

@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
         handle_error("mprotect");
 
     for (p = buffer ; ; )
-        *(p++) = 'a';
+        *(p++) = \'a\';
 
     printf("Loop completed\\n");     /* Should never happen */
     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

man2/truncate.2

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ bytes.
 .LP
 If the file previously was larger than this size, the extra data is lost.
 If the file previously was shorter, it is extended, and
-the extended part reads as null bytes ('\\0').
+the extended part reads as null bytes (\'\\0\').
 .LP
 The file offset is not changed.
 .LP

man2/uname.2

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ struct utsname {
 .in
 The length of the arrays in a
 .I struct utsname
-is unspecified; the fields are terminated by a null byte ('\\0').
+is unspecified; the fields are terminated by a null byte (\'\\0\').
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 On success, zero is returned.
 On error, \-1 is returned, and

man2/ustat.2

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ The last two fields,
 and
 .IR f_fpack ,
 are not implemented and will
-always be filled with null bytes ('\\0').
+always be filled with null bytes (\'\\0\').
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 On success, zero is returned and the
 .I ustat

man3/a64l.3

@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ The 64 digits in the base-64 system are:
 .RS
 .nf
 
-\&'.'	represents a 0
-\&'/'	represents a 1
+\&\'.\'	represents a 0
+\&\'/\'	represents a 1
 0-9	represent  2-11
 A-Z	represent 12-37
 a-z	represent 38-63

man3/argz_add.3

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ These functions are glibc-specific.
 .LP
 An argz vector is a pointer to a character buffer together with a length.
 The intended interpretation of the character buffer is an array
-of strings, where the strings are separated by null bytes ('\\0').
+of strings, where the strings are separated by null bytes (\'\\0\').
 If the length is non-zero, the last byte of the buffer must be a null byte.
 .LP
 These functions are for handling argz vectors.
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ is similar, but splits the string
 into substrings separated by the delimiter
 .IR delim .
 For example, one might use this on a Unix search path with
-delimiter ':'.
+delimiter \':\'.
 .LP
 .BR argz_append ()
 appends the argz vector
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ will be increased by
 .LP
 .BR argz_count ()
 counts the number of strings, that is,
-the number of null bytes ('\\0'), in
+the number of null bytes (\'\\0\'), in
 .RI ( argz ,\  argz_len ).
 .LP
 .BR argz_create ()
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ will be incremented by the number of replacements.
 is the opposite of
 .BR argz_create_sep ().
 It transforms the argz vector into a normal string by replacing
-all null bytes ('\\0') except the last by
+all null bytes (\'\\0\') except the last by
 .IR sep .
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 All argz functions that do memory allocation have a return type of

man3/basename.3

@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ break a null-terminated pathname string into directory
 and filename components.
 In the usual case,
 .BR dirname ()
-returns the string up to, but not including, the final '/', and
+returns the string up to, but not including, the final \'/\', and
 .BR basename ()
-returns the component following the final '/'.
-Trailing '/' characters are not counted as part of the pathname.
+returns the component following the final \'/\'.
+Trailing \'/\' characters are not counted as part of the pathname.
 .PP
 If
 .I path
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ they modify their argument, and segfault when called with a static string
 like "/usr/".
 Before glibc 2.2.1, the glibc version of
 .BR dirname ()
-did not correctly handle pathnames with trailing '/' characters,
+did not correctly handle pathnames with trailing \'/\' characters,
 and generated a segfault if given a NULL argument.
 .SH EXAMPLE
 .in +4n

man3/bzero.3

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ function sets the first
 .I n
 bytes of the byte area starting at
 .I s
-to zero (bytes containing '\\0').
+to zero (bytes containing \'\\0\').
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 None.
 .SH "CONFORMING TO"

man3/catopen.3

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ The argument
 specifies the name of the message catalog to be opened.
 If
 .I name
-specifies and absolute path (i.e., contains a '/'),
+specifies and absolute path (i.e., contains a \'/\'),
 then
 .I name
 specifies a pathname for the message catalog.

man3/confstr.3

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ copies the value of the string to
 .I buf
 truncated to
 .I len \- 1
-characters if necessary, with a null byte ('\\0') as terminator.
+characters if necessary, with a null byte (\'\\0\') as terminator.
 This can be detected by comparing the return value of
 .BR confstr ()
 against

man3/envz_add.3

@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ see
 .BR argz_add (3).
 An envz vector is a special argz vector, namely one where the strings
 have the form "name=value".
-Everything after the first '=' is considered
+Everything after the first \'=\' is considered
 to be the value.
-If there is no '=', the value is taken to be NULL.
-(While the value in case of a trailing '=' is the empty string "".)
+If there is no \'=\', the value is taken to be NULL.
+(While the value in case of a trailing \'=\' is the empty string "".)
 .LP
 These functions are for handling envz vectors.
 .LP
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ and returns the value if found, or NULL if not.
 (Note that the value can also be NULL, namely when there is
 an entry for
 .I name
-without '=' sign.)
+without \'=\' sign.)
 .LP
 .BR envz_merge ()
 adds each entry in

man3/ether_aton.3

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ The
 function parses a line in
 .I /etc/ethers
 format (ethernet address followed by whitespace followed by
-hostname; '#' introduces a comment) and returns an address
+hostname; \'#\' introduces a comment) and returns an address
 and hostname pair, or non-zero if it cannot be parsed.
 The buffer pointed to by
 .I hostname

man3/fgetws.3

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ of the
 .BR fgets (3)
 function.
 It reads a string of at most \fIn-1\fP wide characters into the
-wide-character array pointed to by \fIws\fP, and adds a terminating L'\\0'
+wide-character array pointed to by \fIws\fP, and adds a terminating L\'\\0\'
 character.
 It stops reading wide characters after it has encountered and
 stored a newline wide character.

man3/fmemopen.3

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ is the same as for
 If
 .I mode
 specifies an append mode, then the initial file position is set to
-location of the first null byte ('\\0') in the buffer;
+location of the first null byte (\'\\0\') in the buffer;
 otherwise the initial file position is set to the start of the buffer.
 .PP
 When a stream that has been opened for writing is flushed
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ of the buffer's size, using
 .\" http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-alpha/2006-04/msg00064.html
 .PP
 In a stream opened for reading,
-null bytes ('\\0') in the buffer do not cause read
+null bytes (\'\\0\') in the buffer do not cause read
 operations to return an end-of-file indication.
 A read from the buffer will only indicate end-of-file
 when the file pointer advances

man3/fopen.3

@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ but output is always appended to the end of the file.
 .PP
 The
 .I mode
-string can also include the letter 'b' either as a last character or as
+string can also include the letter \'b\' either as a last character or as
 a character between the characters in any of the two-character strings
 described above.
 This is strictly for compatibility with C89
-and has no effect; the 'b' is ignored on all POSIX
+and has no effect; the \'b\' is ignored on all POSIX
 conforming systems, including Linux.
 (Other systems may treat text files and binary files differently,
-and adding the 'b' may be a good idea if you do I/O to a binary
+and adding the \'b\' may be a good idea if you do I/O to a binary
 file and expect that your program may be ported to non-Unix
 environments.)
 .PP

man3/fputws.3

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ the
 .BR fputs (3)
 function.
 It writes the wide-character string starting at \fIws\fP, up to but
-not including the terminating L'\\0' character, to \fIstream\fP.
+not including the terminating L\'\\0\' character, to \fIstream\fP.
 .PP
 For a non-locking counterpart, see
 .BR unlocked_stdio (3).

man3/ftw.3

@@ -370,9 +370,9 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     int flags = 0;
 
-    if (argc > 2 && strchr(argv[2], 'd') != NULL)
+    if (argc > 2 && strchr(argv[2], \'d\') != NULL)
         flags |= FTW_DEPTH;
-    if (argc > 2 && strchr(argv[2], 'p') != NULL)
+    if (argc > 2 && strchr(argv[2], \'p\') != NULL)
         flags |= FTW_PHYS;
 
     if (nftw((argc < 2) ? "." : argv[1], display_info, 20, flags)

man3/getopt.3

@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@ and
 are the argument count and array as passed to the
 .IR main ()
 function on program invocation.
-An element of \fIargv\fP that starts with '\-'
+An element of \fIargv\fP that starts with \'\-\'
 (and is not exactly "\-" or "\-\-")
 is an option element.
 The characters of this element
-(aside from the initial '\-') are option characters.
+(aside from the initial \'\-\') are option characters.
 If
 .BR getopt ()
 is called repeatedly, it returns successively each of the option characters
@@ -132,11 +132,11 @@ permutes the contents of \fIargv\fP as it
 scans, so that eventually all the non-options are at the end.
 Two other modes are also implemented.
 If the first character of
-\fIoptstring\fP is '+' or the environment variable
+\fIoptstring\fP is \'+\' or the environment variable
 .B POSIXLY_CORRECT
 is set, then option processing stops as soon as a non-option argument is
 encountered.
-If the first character of \fIoptstring\fP is '\-', then
+If the first character of \fIoptstring\fP is \'\-\', then
 each non-option \fIargv\fP-element is handled as if it were the argument of
 an option with character code 1.  (This is used by programs that were
 written to expect options and other \fIargv\fP-elements in any order
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ If
 .BR getopt ()
 does not recognize an option character, it prints an
 error message to \fIstderr\fP, stores the character in \fIoptopt\fP, and
-returns '?'.
+returns \'?\'.
 The calling program may prevent the error message by
 setting \fIopterr\fP to 0.
 .PP
@@ -156,14 +156,14 @@ If
 .BR getopt ()
 finds an option character in \fIargv\fP that was not
 included in \fIoptstring\fP, or if it detects a missing option argument,
-it returns '?'  and sets the external variable \fIoptopt\fP to the
+it returns \'?\'  and sets the external variable \fIoptopt\fP to the
 actual option character.
 If the first character
-(following any optional '+' or '\-' described above)
+(following any optional \'+\' or \'\-\' described above)
 of \fIoptstring\fP
-is a colon (':'), then
+is a colon (\':\'), then
 .BR getopt ()
-returns ':' instead of '?' to
+returns \':\' instead of \'?\' to
 indicate a missing option argument.
 If an error was detected, and
 the first character of \fIoptstring\fP is not a colon, and
@@ -243,10 +243,10 @@ points to a variable which is set to the index of the long option relative to
 .BR getopt_long_only ()
 is like
 .BR getopt_long (),
-but '\-' as well
-as '\-\-' can indicate a long option.
-If an option that starts with '\-'
-(not '\-\-') doesn't match a long option, but does match a short option,
+but \'\-\' as well
+as "\-\-" can indicate a long option.
+If an option that starts with \'\-\'
+(not "\-\-") doesn't match a long option, but does match a short option,
 it is parsed as a short option instead.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 If an option was successfully found, then
@@ -259,13 +259,13 @@ If
 .BR getopt ()
 encounters an option character that was not in
 .IR optstring ,
-then '?' is returned.
+then \'?\' is returned.
 If
 .BR getopt ()
 encounters an option with a missing argument,
 then the return value depends on the first character in
 .IR optstring :
-if it is ':', then ':' is returned; otherwise '?' is returned.
+if it is \':\', then \':\' is returned; otherwise \'?\' is returned.
 .PP
 .BR getopt_long ()
 and
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ For a long option, they
 return \fIval\fP if \fIflag\fP is NULL, and 0 otherwise.
 Error and \-1 returns are the same as for
 .BR getopt (),
-plus '?' for an
+plus \'?\' for an
 ambiguous match or an extraneous parameter.
 .SH ENVIRONMENT
 .TP
@@ -349,14 +349,14 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
     flags = 0;
     while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "nt:")) != \-1) {
         switch (opt) {
-        case 'n':
+        case \'n\':
             flags = 1;
             break;
-        case 't':
+        case \'t\':
             nsecs = atoi(optarg);
             tfnd = 1;
             break;
-        default: /* '?' */
+        default: /* \'?\' */
             fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [\-t nsecs] [\-n] name\\n",
                     argv[0]);
             exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
             {"append", 0, 0, 0},
             {"delete", 1, 0, 0},
             {"verbose", 0, 0, 0},
-            {"create", 1, 0, 'c'},
+            {"create", 1, 0, \'c\'},
             {"file", 1, 0, 0},
             {0, 0, 0, 0}
         };
@@ -419,32 +419,32 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
             printf("\\n");
             break;
 
-        case '0':
-        case '1':
-        case '2':
+        case \'0\':
+        case \'1\':
+        case \'2\':
             if (digit_optind != 0 && digit_optind != this_option_optind)
               printf("digits occur in two different argv\-elements.\\n");
             digit_optind = this_option_optind;
             printf("option %c\\n", c);
             break;
 
-        case 'a':
+        case \'a\':
             printf("option a\\n");
             break;
 
-        case 'b':
+        case \'b\':
             printf("option b\\n");
             break;
 
-        case 'c':
-            printf("option c with value '%s'\\n", optarg);
+        case \'c\':
+            printf("option c with value \'%s\'\\n", optarg);
             break;
 
-        case 'd':
-            printf("option d with value '%s'\\n", optarg);
+        case \'d\':
+            printf("option d with value \'%s\'\\n", optarg);
             break;
 
-        case '?':
+        case \'?\':
             break;
 
         default:

man3/getpass.3

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ The function
 returns a pointer to a static buffer containing the (first
 .B PASS_MAX
 bytes of) the password without the trailing
-newline, terminated by a null byte ('\\0').
+newline, terminated by a null byte (\'\\0\').
 This buffer may be overwritten by a following call.
 On error, the terminal state is restored,
 .I errno

man3/getsubopt.3

@@ -150,9 +150,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
     while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "o:")) != \-1) {
         switch (opt) {
-        case 'o':
+        case \'o\':
             subopts = optarg;
-            while (*subopts != '\\0' && !errfnd) {
+            while (*subopts != \'\\0\' && !errfnd) {
 
             switch (getsubopt(&subopts, token, &value)) {
             case RO_OPT:
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
             case NAME_OPT:
                 if (value == NULL) {
                     fprintf(stderr, "Missing value for "
-                            "suboption '%s'\\n", token[NAME_OPT]);
+                            "suboption \'%s\'\\n", token[NAME_OPT]);
                     errfnd = 1;
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
             }
         }
         if (readwrite && readonly) {
-            fprintf(stderr, "Only one of '%s' and '%s' can be "
+            fprintf(stderr, "Only one of \'%s\' and \'%s\' can be "
                     "specified\\n", token[RO_OPT], token[RW_OPT]);
             errfnd = 1;
         }
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
     if (errfnd || argc == 1) {
         fprintf(stderr, "\\nUsage: %s \-o <suboptstring>\\n", argv[0]);
-        fprintf(stderr, "suboptions are 'ro', 'rw', "
-                "and 'name=<value>'\\n");
+        fprintf(stderr, "suboptions are \'ro\', \'rw\', "
+                "and \'name=<value>\'\\n");
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
 

man3/glob.3

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ Do not set this flag on the first invocation of
 .BR glob ().
 .TP
 .B GLOB_NOESCAPE
-Don't allow backslash ('\\') to be used as an escape
+Don't allow backslash (\'\\\') to be used as an escape
 character.
 Normally, a backslash can be used to quote the following character,
 providing a mechanism to turn off the special meaning
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ even if there is no file with that name.
 .TP
 .B GLOB_TILDE
 Carry out tilde expansion.
-If a tilde ('~') is the only character in the pattern,
-or an initial tilde is followed immediately by a slash ('/'),
+If a tilde (\'~\') is the only character in the pattern,
+or an initial tilde is followed immediately by a slash (\'/\'),
 then the home directory of the caller is substituted for
 the tilde.
 If an initial tilde is followed by a username (e.g., "~andrea/bin"),

man3/iswalnum.3

@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ The wide-character class "alnum" is the union of the wide-character classes
 As such, it also contains the wide-character class
 "xdigit".
 .PP
-The wide-character class "alnum" always contains at least the letters 'A'
-to 'Z', 'a' to 'z' and the digits '0' to '9'.
+The wide-character class "alnum" always contains at least the letters \'A\'
+to \'Z\', \'a\' to \'z\' and the digits \'0\' to \'9\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswalnum ()

man3/iswalpha.3

@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ The wide-character class "alpha" is disjoint from the wide-character class
 The wide-character class "alpha" contains the wide-character classes "upper"
 and "lower".
 .PP
-The wide-character class "alpha" always contains at least the letters 'A'
-to 'Z' and 'a' to 'z'.
+The wide-character class "alpha" always contains at least the letters \'A\'
+to \'Z\' and \'a\' to \'z\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswalpha ()

man3/iswblank.3

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ from its subclasses "alnum", "alpha", "upper", "lower", "digit",
 .PP
 The wide-character class "blank" always contains
 at least the space character
-and the control character '\\t'.
+and the control character \'\\t\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswblank ()

man3/iswdigit.3

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ disjoint from the wide-character class
 "alpha" and therefore also disjoint from its subclasses "lower", "upper".
 .PP
 The wide-character class "digit" always
-contains exactly the digits '0' to '9'.
+contains exactly the digits \'0\' to \'9\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswdigit ()

man3/iswlower.3

@@ -56,8 +56,7 @@ which are equal to \fItowlower(wc)\fP and different
 from \fItowupper(wc)\fP.
 .PP
 The wide-character class "lower" always contains
-at least the letters 'a'
-to 'z'.
+at least the letters \'a\' to \'z\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswlower ()

man3/iswspace.3

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ The wide-character class "space" is disjoint from the wide-character class
 The wide-character class "space" contains the wide-character class "blank".
 .PP
 The wide-character class "space" always contains at least the space character
-and the control characters '\\f', '\\n', '\\r', '\\t', '\\v'.
+and the control characters \'\\f\', \'\\n\', \'\\r\', \'\\t\', \'\\v\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswspace ()

man3/iswupper.3

@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ Being a subclass of the wide-character class "alpha", the wide-character class
 The wide-character class "upper" contains at least those characters \fIwc\fP
 which are equal to \fItowupper(wc)\fP and different from \fItowlower(wc)\fP.
 .PP
-The wide-character class "upper" always contains at least the letters 'A'
-to 'Z'.
+The wide-character class "upper" always contains at least the letters \'A\'
+to \'Z\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswupper ()

man3/iswxdigit.3

@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ Being a subclass of the wide-character class "graph", the wide-character class
 Being a subclass of the wide-character class "alnum", the wide-character class
 "xdigit" is disjoint from the wide-character class "punct".
 .PP
-The wide-character class "xdigit" always contains at least the letters 'A'
-to 'F', 'a' to 'f' and the digits '0' to '9'.
+The wide-character class "xdigit" always contains at least the letters \'A\'
+to \'F\', \'a\' to \'f\' and the digits \'0\' to \'9\'.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR iswxdigit ()

man3/mbrtowc.3

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ multibyte character, converts it to a wide character and stores it at
 \fI*pwc\fP.
 It updates the shift state \fI*ps\fP.
 If the converted wide
-character is not L'\\0', it returns the number of bytes that were consumed
+character is not L\'\\0\', it returns the number of bytes that were consumed
 from \fIs\fP.
-If the converted wide character is L'\\0', it resets the shift
+If the converted wide character is L\'\\0\', it resets the shift
 state \fI*ps\fP to the initial state and returns 0.
 .PP
 If the \fIn\fP bytes starting at \fIs\fP do not contain a complete multibyte
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@ memset(&a, 0, sizeof(a));
 The
 .BR mbrtowc ()
 function returns the number of bytes parsed from the
-multibyte sequence starting at \fIs\fP, if a non-L'\\0' wide character
+multibyte sequence starting at \fIs\fP, if a non-L\'\\0\' wide character
 was recognized.
-It returns 0, if a L'\\0' wide character was recognized.
+It returns 0, if a L\'\\0\' wide character was recognized.
 It returns
 .I (size_t)\ \-1
 and sets \fIerrno\fP to \fBEILSEQ\fP, if an invalid multibyte sequence was

man3/mbsnrtowcs.3

@@ -54,17 +54,17 @@ is left pointing to the invalid multibyte sequence,
 is returned,
 and \fIerrno\fP is set to \fBEILSEQ\fP.
 .IP 2.
-The \fInms\fP limit forces a stop, or \fIlen\fP non-L'\\0' wide characters
+The \fInms\fP limit forces a stop, or \fIlen\fP non-L\'\\0\' wide characters
 have been stored at \fIdest\fP.
 In this case \fI*src\fP is left pointing to the
 next multibyte sequence to be converted, and the number of wide characters
 written to \fIdest\fP is returned.
 .IP 3.
 The multibyte string has been completely converted, including the
-terminating '\\0' (which has the side effect of bringing back \fI*ps\fP to the
+terminating \'\\0\' (which has the side effect of bringing back \fI*ps\fP to the
 initial state).
 In this case \fI*src\fP is set to NULL, and the number of wide
-characters written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating L'\\0' character,
+characters written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating L\'\\0\' character,
 is returned.
 .PP
 If \fIdest\fP is NULL, \fIlen\fP is ignored, and the conversion proceeds as

man3/mbsrtowcs.3

@@ -44,19 +44,19 @@ is left pointing to the invalid multibyte sequence,
 is returned,
 and \fIerrno\fP is set to \fBEILSEQ\fP.
 .IP 2.
-\fIlen\fP non-L'\\0' wide characters have been stored at \fIdest\fP.
+\fIlen\fP non-L\'\\0\' wide characters have been stored at \fIdest\fP.
 In this
 case \fI*src\fP is left pointing to the next
 multibyte sequence to be converted,
 and the number of wide characters written to \fIdest\fP is returned.
 .IP 3.
 The multibyte string has been completely converted, including the
-terminating '\\0' (which has the side
+terminating \'\\0\' (which has the side
 effect of bringing back \fI*ps\fP to the
 initial state).
 In this case \fI*src\fP is set to NULL, and the number of wide
 characters written to \fIdest\fP,
-excluding the terminating L'\\0' character, is returned.
+excluding the terminating L\'\\0\' character, is returned.
 .PP
 If \fIdest\fP is NULL, \fIlen\fP is ignored,
 and the conversion proceeds as above,

man3/mbstowcs.3

@@ -36,15 +36,15 @@ In this case
 .I (size_t)\ \-1
 is returned.
 .IP 2.
-\fIn\fP non-L'\\0' wide characters have been stored at \fIdest\fP.
+\fIn\fP non-L\'\\0\' wide characters have been stored at \fIdest\fP.
 In this
 case the number of wide characters written to \fIdest\fP is returned, but the
 shift state at this point is lost.
 .IP 3.
 The multibyte string has been completely converted, including the
-terminating '\\0'.
+terminating \'\\0\'.
 In this case the number of wide characters written to
-\fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating L'\\0' character, is returned.
+\fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating L\'\\0\' character, is returned.
 .PP
 The programmer must ensure that there is room for at least \fIn\fP wide
 characters at \fIdest\fP.

man3/mbtowc.3

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ multibyte character, converts it to a wide character and stores it at
 \fI*pwc\fP.
 It updates an internal shift state only known to the mbtowc
 function.
-If \fIs\fP does not point to a '\\0' byte, it returns the number
+If \fIs\fP does not point to a \'\\0\' byte, it returns the number
 of bytes that were consumed from \fIs\fP, otherwise it returns 0.
 .PP
 If the \fIn\fP bytes starting at \fIs\fP do not contain a complete multibyte

man3/perror.3

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ First (if
 .I s
 is not NULL and
 .I *s
-is not a null byte ('\\0')) the argument string
+is not a null byte (\'\\0\')) the argument string
 .I s
 is printed, followed by a colon and a blank.
 Then the message and a new-line.

man3/putenv.3

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ one in libc4, libc5 and glibc 2.0 is not, but the glibc 2.1 version is.
 .LP
 Description for libc4, libc5, glibc:
 If the argument \fIstring\fP is of the form \fIname\fP,
-and does not contain an '=' character, then the variable \fIname\fP
+and does not contain an \'=\' character, then the variable \fIname\fP
 is removed from the environment.
 If
 .BR putenv ()

man3/realpath.3

@@ -45,9 +45,8 @@ _BSD_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 500
 .BR realpath ()
 expands all symbolic links and resolves references
 to
-.IR '/./' ", " '/../'
-and extra
-.I '/'
+.IR "/./" ", " "/../"
+and extra \'/\'
 characters in the null terminated string named by
 .I path
 and stores the canonicalized absolute pathname in the buffer of size
@@ -55,9 +54,9 @@ and stores the canonicalized absolute pathname in the buffer of size
 named by
 .IR resolved_path .
 The resulting path will have no symbolic link,
-.I '/./'
+.I "/./"
 or
-.I '/../'
+.I "/../"
 components.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 If there is no error,

man3/regex.3

@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ Invalid use of back reference operator.
 Invalid use of pattern operators such as group or list.
 .TP
 .B REG_BADRPT
-Invalid use of repetition operators such as using '*'
+Invalid use of repetition operators such as using \'*\'
 as the first character.
 .TP
 .B REG_EBRACE

man3/setenv.3

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ set to indicate the cause of the error.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
 .I name
-contained an '=' character.
+contained an \'=\' character.
 .SH "CONFORMING TO"
 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
 .SH "NOTES"
@@ -113,11 +113,11 @@ POSIX.1-2001-compliant prototype shown in the SYNOPSIS.
 .SH BUGS
 POSIX.1-2001 specifies that if
 .I name
-contains an '=' character, then
+contains an \'=\' character, then
 .BR setenv ()
 should fail with the error
 .BR EINVAL ;
-however, versions of glibc before 2.3.4 allowed an '=' sign in
+however, versions of glibc before 2.3.4 allowed an \'=\' sign in
 .IR name .
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
 .BR clearenv (3),

man3/stdarg.3

@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ foo(va_alist)
 .in
 On some systems,
 .I va_end
-contains a closing '}' matching a '{' in
+contains a closing \'}\' matching a \'{\' in
 .IR va_start ,
 so that both macros must occur in the same function, and in a way
 that allows this.
@@ -289,15 +289,15 @@ foo(char *fmt, ...)
     va_start(ap, fmt);
     while (*fmt)
         switch (*fmt++) {
-        case 's':              /* string */
+        case \'s\':              /* string */
             s = va_arg(ap, char *);
             printf("string %s\en", s);
             break;
-        case 'd':              /* int */
+        case \'d\':              /* int */
             d = va_arg(ap, int);
             printf("int %d\en", d);
             break;
-        case 'c':              /* char */
+        case \'c\':              /* char */
             /* need a cast here since va_arg only
                takes fully promoted types */
             c = (char) va_arg(ap, int);

man3/stpcpy.3

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ stpcpy \- copy a string returning a pointer to its end
 The
 .BR stpcpy ()
 function copies the string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP
-(including the terminating '\\0' character) to the array pointed to by
+(including the terminating \'\\0\' character) to the array pointed to by
 \fIdest\fP.
 The strings may not overlap, and the destination string
 \fIdest\fP must be large enough to receive the copy.

man3/stpncpy.3

@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ stpncpy \- copy a fixed-size string, returning a pointer to its end
 The
 .BR stpncpy ()
 function copies at most \fIn\fP characters from the string
-pointed to by \fIsrc\fP, including the terminating '\\0' character, to the
+pointed to by \fIsrc\fP, including the terminating \'\\0\' character, to the
 array pointed to by \fIdest\fP.
 Exactly \fIn\fP characters are written at
 \fIdest\fP.
 If the length \fIstrlen(src)\fP is smaller than \fIn\fP, the
 remaining characters in the array pointed to by \fIdest\fP are filled
-with '\\0' characters.
+with \'\\0\' characters.
 If the length \fIstrlen(src)\fP is greater or equal to
-\fIn\fP, the string pointed to by \fIdest\fP will not be '\\0' terminated.
+\fIn\fP, the string pointed to by \fIdest\fP will not be \'\\0\' terminated.
 .PP
 The strings may not overlap.
 .PP

man3/strcat.3

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ strcat, strncat \- concatenate two strings
 The
 .BR strcat ()
 function appends the \fIsrc\fP string to the
-\fIdest\fP string, overwriting the null byte ('\\0') at the end of
+\fIdest\fP string, overwriting the null byte (\'\\0\') at the end of
 \fIdest\fP, and then adds a terminating null byte.
 The strings may not overlap, and the \fIdest\fP string must have
 enough space for the result.
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ strncat(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n)
     size_t dest_len = strlen(dest);
     size_t i;
 
-    for (i = 0 ; i < n && src[i] != '\\0' ; i++)
+    for (i = 0 ; i < n && src[i] != \'\\0\' ; i++)
         dest[dest_len + i] = src[i];
-    dest[dest_len + i] = '\\0';
+    dest[dest_len + i] = \'\\0\';
 
     return dest;
 }

man3/strcpy.3

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ strcpy, strncpy \- copy a string
 The
 .BR strcpy ()
 function copies the string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP,
-including the terminating null byte ('\\0'),
+including the terminating null byte (\'\\0\'),
 to the buffer pointed to by \fIdest\fP.
 The strings may not overlap, and the destination string
 \fIdest\fP must be large enough to receive the copy.
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ char*
 strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n){
     size_t i;
 
-    for (i = 0 ; i < n && src[i] != '\\0' ; i++)
+    for (i = 0 ; i < n && src[i] != \'\\0\' ; i++)
         dest[i] = src[i];
     for ( ; i < n ; i++)
-        dest[i] = '\\0';
+        dest[i] = \'\\0\';
 
     return dest;
 }
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ as follows:
 
 strncpy(buf, str, n);
 if (n > 0)
-    buf[n - 1]= '\\0';
+    buf[n - 1]= \'\\0\';
 .fi
 .in
 .SH BUGS

man3/strdup.3

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ The
 function is similar, but only copies at most
 \fIn\fP characters.
 If \fIs\fP is longer than \fIn\fP, only \fIn\fP
-characters are copied, and a terminating null byte ('\\0') is added.
+characters are copied, and a terminating null byte (\'\\0\') is added.
 
 .BR strdupa ()
 and

man3/strfmon.3

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ result in the character array \fIs\fP of size \fImax\fP.
 .PP
 Ordinary characters in \fIformat\fP are copied to \fIs\fP
 without conversion.
-Conversion specifiers are introduced by a '%'
+Conversion specifiers are introduced by a \'%\'
 character.
 Immediately following it there can be zero or more
 of the following flags:
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ The three conversion characters are
 .TP
 .B %
 (In this case the entire specification must be exactly "%%".)
-Put a '%' character in the result string.
+Put a \'%\' character in the result string.
 .TP
 .B i
 One argument of type

man3/strftime.3

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ result in the character array \fIs\fP of size \fImax\fP.
 Ordinary characters placed in the format string are copied to \fIs\fP
 without conversion.
 .I "Conversion specifications"
-are introduced by a '%'
+are introduced by a \'%\'
 character, and terminated by a
 .IR "conversion specifier character" ,
 and are replaced in \fIs\fP as follows:
@@ -156,14 +156,14 @@ A newline character. (SU)
 Modifier: use alternative format, see below. (SU)
 .TP
 .B %p
-Either `AM' or `PM' according to the given time value, or the
+Either "AM" or "PM" according to the given time value, or the
 corresponding strings for the current locale.
-Noon is treated as `pm' and midnight as `am'.
+Noon is treated as "pm" and midnight as "am".
 .TP
 .B %P
 Like
 .B %p
-but in lowercase: `am' or `pm' or a corresponding
+but in lowercase: "am" or "pm" or a corresponding
 string for the current locale. (GNU)
 .TP
 .B %r
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ format. (TZ)
 (Not supported in glibc2.)
 .TP
 .B %%
-A literal '%' character.
+A literal \'%\' character.
 .PP
 Some conversion specifications can be modified by preceding the
 conversion specifier character by the
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ Glibc provides some extensions for conversion specifications.
 (These extensions are not specified in POSIX.1-2001, but a few other
 systems provide similar features.)
 .\" HP-UX and Tru64 also have features like this.
-Between the '%' character and the conversion specifier character,
+Between the \'%\' character and the conversion specifier character,
 an optional
 .I flag
 and field

man3/strlen.3

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ strlen \- calculate the length of a string
 The
 .BR strlen ()
 function calculates the length of the string
-\fIs\fP, not including the terminating '\\0' character.
+\fIs\fP, not including the terminating \'\\0\' character.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR strlen ()

man3/strnlen.3

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ strnlen \- determine the length of a fixed-size string
 The
 .BR strnlen ()
 function returns the number of characters in the string
-pointed to by \fIs\fP, not including the terminating '\\0' character, but
+pointed to by \fIs\fP, not including the terminating \'\\0\' character, but
 at most \fImaxlen\fP.
 In doing this,
 .BR strnlen ()
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ looks only at the first
 The
 .BR strnlen ()
 function returns \fIstrlen(s)\fP, if that is less than
-\fImaxlen\fP, or \fImaxlen\fP if there is no '\\0' character among the first
+\fImaxlen\fP, or \fImaxlen\fP if there is no \'\\0\' character among the first
 \fImaxlen\fP characters pointed to by \fIs\fP.
 .SH "CONFORMING TO"
 This function is a GNU extension.

man3/strptime.3

@@ -307,11 +307,11 @@ or
 .B _GNU_SOURCE
 are defined.
 .PP
-Before libc 5.4.13 whitespace (and the 'n' and 't' specifications)
-was not handled, no 'E' and 'O' locale modifier characters were accepted,
-and the 'C' specification was a synonym for the 'c' specification.
+Before libc 5.4.13 whitespace (and the \'n\' and \'t\' specifications)
+was not handled, no \'E\' and \'O\' locale modifier characters were accepted,
+and the \'C\' specification was a synonym for the \'c\' specification.
 .PP
-The 'y' (year in century) specification is taken to specify a year
+The \'y\' (year in century) specification is taken to specify a year
 in the 20th century by libc4 and libc5.
 It is taken to be a year
 in the range 1950-2049 by glibc 2.0.

man3/strsep.3

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ and does nothing else.
 Otherwise, this function finds the first token
 in the string \fI*stringp\fP, where tokens
 are delimited by symbols in the string \fIdelim\fP.
-This token is terminated with a '\\0' character
+This token is terminated with a \'\\0\' character
 (by overwriting the delimiter)
 and \fI*stringp\fP is updated to point past the token.
 In case no delimiter was found, the token is taken to be

man3/strstr.3

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ The
 .BR strstr ()
 function finds the first occurrence of the substring
 \fIneedle\fP in the string \fIhaystack\fP.
-The terminating '\\0' characters are not compared.
+The terminating \'\\0\' characters are not compared.
 
 The
 .BR strcasestr ()

man3/strtod.3

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ representation, respectively.
 The expected form of the (initial portion of the) string is
 optional leading white space as recognized by
 .BR isspace (3),
-an optional plus ('+') or minus sign ('\-') and then either
+an optional plus (\'+\') or minus sign (\'\-\') and then either
 (i) a decimal number, or (ii) a hexadecimal number,
 or (iii) an infinity, or (iv) a NAN (not-a-number).
 .LP
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ A
 .I "decimal number"
 consists of a non-empty sequence of decimal digits
 possibly containing a radix character (decimal point, locale-dependent,
-usually '.'), optionally followed by a decimal exponent.
-A decimal exponent consists of an 'E' or 'e', followed by an
+usually \'.\'), optionally followed by a decimal exponent.
+A decimal exponent consists of an \'E\' or \'e\', followed by an
 optional plus or minus sign, followed by a non-empty sequence of
 decimal digits, and indicates multiplication by a power of 10.
 .LP
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ consists of a "0x" or "0X" followed by a non-empty sequence of
 hexadecimal digits possibly containing a radix character,
 optionally followed by a binary exponent.
 A binary exponent
-consists of a 'P' or 'p', followed by an optional
+consists of a \'P\' or \'p\', followed by an optional
 plus or minus sign, followed by a non-empty sequence of
 decimal digits, and indicates multiplication by a power of 2.
 At least one of radix character and binary exponent must be present.
@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@ is either "INF" or "INFINITY", disregarding case.
 .LP
 A
 .I NAN
-is "NAN" (disregarding case) optionally followed by '(',
-a sequence of characters, followed by ')'.
+is "NAN" (disregarding case) optionally followed by \'(\',
+a sequence of characters, followed by \')\'.
 The character string specifies in an implementation-dependent
 way the type of NAN.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"

man3/strtok.3

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 An example of the output produced by this program is the following:
 .PP
 .nf
-$ ./a.out 'a/bbb///cc;xxx:yyy:' ':;' '/'
+$ ./a.out \'a/bbb///cc;xxx:yyy:\' \':;\' \'/\'
 1: a/bbb///cc
          \-\-> a
          \-\-> bbb

man3/strtol.3

@@ -59,20 +59,20 @@ which must be between 2 and 36 inclusive, or be the special value 0.
 The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as
 determined by
 .BR isspace (3))
-followed by a single optional '+' or '\-' sign.
+followed by a single optional \'+\' or \'\-\' sign.
 If \fIbase\fP is zero or 16, the string may then include a
 "0x" prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a
 zero \fIbase\fP is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character
-is '0', in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
+is \'0\', in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
 .PP
 The remainder of the string is converted to a
 .I long int
 value
 in the obvious manner, stopping at the first character which is not a
 valid digit in the given base.
-(In bases above 10, the letter 'A' in
-either upper or lower case represents 10, 'B' represents 11, and so
-forth, with 'Z' representing 35.)
+(In bases above 10, the letter \'A\' in
+either upper or lower case represents 10, \'B\' represents 11, and so
+forth, with \'Z\' representing 35.)
 .PP
 If \fIendptr\fP is not NULL,
 .BR strtol ()
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ all,
 .BR strtol ()
 stores the original value of \fInptr\fP in
 \fI*endptr\fP (and returns 0).
-In particular, if \fI*nptr\fP is not '\\0' but \fI**endptr\fP
-is '\\0' on return, the entire string is valid.
+In particular, if \fI*nptr\fP is not \'\\0\' but \fI**endptr\fP
+is \'\\0\' on return, the entire string is valid.
 .PP
 The
 .BR strtoll ()
@@ -190,14 +190,14 @@ Some examples of the results produced by this program are the following:
 
 $ ./a.out 123
 strtol() returned 123
-$ ./a.out '    123'
+$ ./a.out \'    123\'
 strtol() returned 123
 $ ./a.out 123abc
 strtol() returned 123
 Further characters after number: abc
 $ ./a.out 123abc 55
 strtol: Invalid argument
-$ ./a.out ''
+$ ./a.out \'\'
 No digits were found
 $ ./a.out 4000000000
 strtol: Numerical result out of range
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     printf("strtol() returned %ld\\n", val);
 
-    if (*endptr != '\\0')        /* Not necessarily an error... */
+    if (*endptr != \'\\0\')        /* Not necessarily an error... */
         printf("Further characters after number: %s\\n", endptr);
 
     exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

man3/strtoul.3

@@ -65,21 +65,21 @@ the special value 0.
 The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space (as
 determined by
 .BR isspace (3))
-followed by a single optional '+' or '\-'
+followed by a single optional \'+\' or \'\-\'
 sign.
 If \fIbase\fP is zero or 16, the string may then include a
 "0x" prefix, and the number will be read in base 16; otherwise, a
 zero \fIbase\fP is taken as 10 (decimal) unless the next character
-is '0', in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
+is \'0\', in which case it is taken as 8 (octal).
 .PP
 The remainder of the string is converted to an
 .I "unsigned long int"
 value in the obvious manner,
 stopping at the first character which is not a
 valid digit in the given base.
-(In bases above 10, the letter 'A' in
-either upper or lower case represents 10, 'B' represents 11, and so
-forth, with 'Z' representing 35.)
+(In bases above 10, the letter \'A\' in
+either upper or lower case represents 10, \'B\' represents 11, and so
+forth, with \'Z\' representing 35.)
 .PP
 If \fIendptr\fP is not NULL,
 .BR strtoul ()
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ all,
 .BR strtoul ()
 stores the original value of \fInptr\fP in
 \fI*endptr\fP (and returns 0).
-In particular, if \fI*nptr\fP is not '\\0' but \fI**endptr\fP
-is '\\0' on return, the entire string is valid.
+In particular, if \fI*nptr\fP is not \'\\0\' but \fI**endptr\fP
+is \'\\0\' on return, the entire string is valid.
 .PP
 The
 .BR strtoull ()

man3/strxfrm.3

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ The
 .BR strxfrm ()
 function returns the number of bytes required to
 store the transformed string in \fIdest\fP excluding the
-terminating '\\0' character.
+terminating \'\\0\' character.
 If the value returned is \fIn\fP or more, the
 contents of \fIdest\fP are indeterminate.
 .SH "CONFORMING TO"

man3/termios.3

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ queues to be flushed, and if the terminal is the controlling
 terminal of a foreground process group, it will cause a
 \fBSIGINT\fP to be sent to this foreground process group.
 When neither \fBIGNBRK\fP nor \fBBRKINT\fP are set, a BREAK
-reads as a null byte ('\\0'), except when \fBPARMRK\fP is set,
+reads as a null byte (\'\\0\'), except when \fBPARMRK\fP is set,
 in which case it reads as the sequence \\377 \\0 \\0.
 .TP
 .B IGNPAR
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ Send fill characters for a delay, rather than using a timed delay.
 .TP
 .B OFDEL
 (not in POSIX) Fill character is ASCII DEL (0177).
-If unset, fill character is ASCII NUL ('\\0').
+If unset, fill character is ASCII NUL (\'\\0\').
 (Not implemented on Linux.)
 .TP
 .B NLDLY

man3/ttyslot.3

@@ -56,21 +56,21 @@ in Unix V6, that was read by the
 .BR init (8)
 program to find out what to do with each terminal line.
 Each line consisted of three characters.
-The first character was either '0' or '1', where '0' meant "ignore".
-The second character denoted the terminal: '8' stood for "/dev/tty8".
+The first character was either \'0\' or \'1\', where \'0\' meant "ignore".
+The second character denoted the terminal: \'8\' stood for "/dev/tty8".
 The third character was an argument to
 .BR getty (8)
-indicating the sequence of line speeds to try ('\-' was: start trying
+indicating the sequence of line speeds to try (\'\-\' was: start trying
 110 baud).
 Thus a typical line was "18\-".
-A hang on some line was solved by changing the '1' to a '0',
+A hang on some line was solved by changing the \'1\' to a \'0\',
 signaling init, changing back again, and signaling init again.
 .LP
 In Unix V7 the format was changed: here the second character
 was the argument to
 .BR getty (8)
-indicating the sequence of line speeds to try ('0' was: cycle through
-300-1200-150-110 baud; '4' was for the on-line console DECwriter)
+indicating the sequence of line speeds to try (\'0\' was: cycle through
+300-1200-150-110 baud; \'4\' was for the on-line console DECwriter)
 while the rest of the line contained the name of the tty.
 Thus a typical line was "14console".
 .LP

man3/tzset.3

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ format.
 If \fIfilespec\fP is given, it specifies another
 .BR tzfile (5)-format
 file to read the time zone information from.
-If \fIfilespec\fP does not begin with a '/', the file specification is
+If \fIfilespec\fP does not begin with a \'/\', the file specification is
 relative to the system timezone directory.
 .PP
 Here's an example, once more for New Zealand:

man3/wcpcpy.3

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function is the wide-character equivalent of the
 .BR stpcpy (3)
 function.
 It copies the wide-character string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP,
-including the terminating L'\\0' character, to the array pointed to by
+including the terminating L\'\\0\' character, to the array pointed to by
 \fIdest\fP.
 .PP
 The strings may not overlap.
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ wide characters at \fIdest\fP.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 .BR wcpcpy ()
 returns a pointer to the end of the wide-character string
-\fIdest\fP, that is, a pointer to the terminating L'\\0' character.
+\fIdest\fP, that is, a pointer to the terminating L\'\\0\' character.
 .SH "CONFORMING TO"
 This function is a GNU extension.
 .SH "SEE ALSO"

man3/wcpncpy.3

@@ -30,16 +30,16 @@ of the
 .BR stpncpy (3)
 function.
 It copies at most \fIn\fP wide characters from the wide-character
-string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP, including the terminating L'\\0' character,
+string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP, including the terminating L\'\\0\' character,
 to the array pointed to by \fIdest\fP.
 Exactly \fIn\fP wide characters are
 written at \fIdest\fP.
 If the length \fIwcslen(src)\fP is smaller than \fIn\fP,
 the remaining wide characters in the array pointed to
-by \fIdest\fP are filled with L'\\0' characters.
+by \fIdest\fP are filled with L\'\\0\' characters.
 If the length \fIwcslen(src)\fP is greater or equal
 to \fIn\fP, the string pointed to by \fIdest\fP will
-not be L'\\0' terminated.
+not be L\'\\0\' terminated.
 .PP
 The strings may not overlap.
 .PP

man3/wcrtomb.3

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ wcrtomb \- convert a wide character to a multibyte sequence
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The main case for this function is when \fIs\fP is
 not NULL and \fIwc\fP is not
-L'\\0'.
+L\'\\0\'.
 In this case, the
 .BR wcrtomb ()
 function
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ returns the length of said multibyte representation,
 that is, the number of bytes
 written at \fIs\fP.
 .PP
-A different case is when \fIs\fP is not NULL but \fIwc\fP is L'\\0'.
+A different case is when \fIs\fP is not NULL but \fIwc\fP is L\'\\0\'.
 In this
 case the
 .BR wcrtomb ()
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ function stores at
 the character array pointed to by
 \fIs\fP the shift sequence needed to
 bring \fI*ps\fP back to the initial state,
-followed by a '\\0' byte.
+followed by a \'\\0\' byte.
 It updates the shift state \fI*ps\fP (i.e., brings
 it into the initial state),
 and returns the length of the shift sequence plus
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ one, that is, the number of bytes written at \fIs\fP.
 .PP
 A third case is when \fIs\fP is NULL.
 In this case \fIwc\fP is ignored,
-and the function effectively returns wcrtomb(buf,L'\\0',\fIps\fP) where
+and the function effectively returns wcrtomb(buf,L\'\\0\',\fIps\fP) where
 buf is an internal anonymous buffer.
 .PP
 In all of the above cases, if \fIps\fP is a NULL pointer, a static anonymous

man3/wcscat.3

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ of the
 .BR strcat (3)
 function.
 It copies the wide-character string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP,
-including the terminating L'\\0' character, to the end of the wide-character
+including the terminating L\'\\0\' character, to the end of the wide-character
 string pointed to by \fIdest\fP.
 .PP
 The strings may not overlap.

man3/wcscpy.3

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ of the
 .BR strcpy (3)
 function.
 It copies the wide-character string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP,
-including the terminating L'\\0' character, to the array pointed to by
+including the terminating L\'\\0\' character, to the array pointed to by
 \fIdest\fP.
 .PP
 The strings may not overlap.

man3/wcslen.3

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ of the
 .BR strlen (3)
 function.
 It determines the length of the wide-character string pointed to
-by \fIs\fP, not including the terminating L'\\0' character.
+by \fIs\fP, not including the terminating L\'\\0\' character.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR wcslen ()

man3/wcsncat.3

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ function is the wide-character equivalent of the
 function.
 It copies at most \fIn\fP wide characters from the wide-character
 string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP to the end of the wide-character string pointed
-to by \fIdest\fP, and adds a terminating L'\\0' character.
+to by \fIdest\fP, and adds a terminating L\'\\0\' character.
 .PP
 The strings may not overlap.
 .PP

man3/wcsncmp.3

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ It compares the wide-character string pointed to by \fIs1\fP and the
 wide-character string pointed to by \fIs2\fP, but at most \fIn\fP wide
 characters from each string.
 In each string, the comparison extends only up
-to the first occurrence of a L'\\0' character, if any.
+to the first occurrence of a L\'\\0\' character, if any.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The
 .BR wcsncmp ()

man3/wcsncpy.3

@@ -27,17 +27,17 @@ function is the wide-character equivalent of the
 .BR strncpy (3)
 function.
 It copies at most \fIn\fP wide characters from the wide-character
-string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP, including the terminating L'\\0' character,
+string pointed to by \fIsrc\fP, including the terminating L\'\\0\' character,
 to the array pointed to by \fIdest\fP.
 Exactly \fIn\fP wide characters are
 written at \fIdest\fP.
 If the length \fIwcslen(src)\fP is smaller than \fIn\fP,
 the remaining wide characters in the array
 pointed to by \fIdest\fP are filled
-with L'\\0' characters.
+with L\'\\0\' characters.
 If the length \fIwcslen(src)\fP is greater or equal
 to \fIn\fP, the string pointed to by \fIdest\fP
-will not be L'\\0' terminated.
+will not be L\'\\0\' terminated.
 .PP
 The strings may not overlap.
 .PP

man3/wcsnlen.3

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ of the
 .BR strnlen (3)
 function.
 It returns the number of wide-characters in the string pointed to by
-\fIs\fP, not including the terminating L'\\0' character, but at most
+\fIs\fP, not including the terminating L\'\\0\' character, but at most
 \fImaxlen\fP.
 In doing this,
 .BR wcsnlen ()
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ wide-characters at \fIs\fP and never beyond \fIs+maxlen\fP.
 The
 .BR wcsnlen ()
 function returns \fIwcslen(s)\fP, if that is less than
-\fImaxlen\fP, or \fImaxlen\fP if there is no L'\\0' character among the
+\fImaxlen\fP, or \fImaxlen\fP if there is no L\'\\0\' character among the
 first \fImaxlen\fP wide characters pointed to by \fIs\fP.
 .SH "CONFORMING TO"
 This function is a GNU extension.

man3/wcsnrtombs.3

@@ -58,17 +58,17 @@ is returned,
 and \fIerrno\fP is set to \fBEILSEQ\fP.
 .PP
 2. \fInwc\fP wide characters have been
-converted without encountering a L'\\0',
+converted without encountering a L\'\\0\',
 or the length limit forces a stop.
 In this case \fI*src\fP is left pointing
 to the next wide character to be converted, and the number of bytes written
 to \fIdest\fP is returned.
 .PP
 3. The wide-character string has been completely converted, including the
-terminating L'\\0' (which has the side effect of bringing back \fI*ps\fP
+terminating L\'\\0\' (which has the side effect of bringing back \fI*ps\fP
 to the initial state).
 In this case \fI*src\fP is set to NULL, and the number
-of bytes written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating '\\0' byte, is
+of bytes written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating \'\\0\' byte, is
 returned.
 .PP
 If \fIdest\fP is NULL, \fIlen\fP is ignored,

man3/wcsrtombs.3

@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ and the number of bytes written to
 \fIdest\fP is returned.
 .PP
 3. The wide-character string has been completely converted, including the
-terminating L'\\0' (which has the side effect of bringing back \fI*ps\fP
+terminating L\'\\0\' (which has the side effect of bringing back \fI*ps\fP
 to the initial state).
 In this case \fI*src\fP is set to NULL, and the number
-of bytes written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating '\\0' byte, is
+of bytes written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating \'\\0\' byte, is
 returned.
 .PP
 If \fIdest\fP is NULL, \fIlen\fP is ignored,

man3/wcsstr.3

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ function is the wide-character equivalent of the
 .BR strstr (3)
 function.
 It searches for the first occurrence of the wide-character string
-\fIneedle\fP (without its terminating L'\\0' character) as a substring in
+\fIneedle\fP (without its terminating L\'\\0\' character) as a substring in
 the wide-character string \fIhaystack\fP.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The

man3/wcstok.3

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Otherwise, the
 function recognizes the beginning of a token
 and returns a pointer to it, but before doing that, it zero-terminates the
 token by replacing the next wide-character which occurs in \fIdelim\fP with
-a L'\\0' character, and it updates \fI*ptr\fP so that subsequent calls will
+a L\'\\0\' character, and it updates \fI*ptr\fP so that subsequent calls will
 continue searching after the end of recognized token.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The

man3/wcstombs.3

@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ In this case the number of bytes written to
 \fIdest\fP is returned, but the shift state at this point is lost.
 .PP
 3. The wide-character string has been completely converted, including the
-terminating L'\\0'.
+terminating L\'\\0\'.
 In this case the conversion ends in the initial state.
-The number of bytes written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating '\\0'
+The number of bytes written to \fIdest\fP, excluding the terminating \'\\0\'
 byte, is returned.
 .PP
 The programmer must ensure that there is room for at least \fIn\fP bytes

man3/wcwidth.3

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ function returns the number of columns
 needed to represent the wide character \fIc\fP.
 If \fIc\fP is a printable wide character, the value
 is at least 0.
-If \fIc\fP is L'\\0', the value is 0.
+If \fIc\fP is L\'\\0\', the value is 0.
 Otherwise \-1 is returned.
 .SH "RETURN VALUE"
 The

man4/console_codes.4

@@ -306,8 +306,8 @@ where \fIx,y\fP is the cursor location.
 .\"
 These are not described in ECMA-48.
 We list the Set Mode sequences;
-the Reset Mode sequences are obtained by replacing the final 'h'
-by 'l'.
+the Reset Mode sequences are obtained by replacing the final \'h\'
+by \'l\'.
 .TP
 ESC [ ? 1 h
 DECCKM (default off): When set, the cursor keys send an ESC O prefix,
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ daemon.
 The mouse tracking escape sequences generated by
 \fIxterm\fP encode numeric parameters in a single character as
 \fIvalue\fP+040.
-For example, '!' is 1.
+For example, \'!\' is 1.
 The screen coordinate system is 1-based.
 .PP
 The X10 compatibility mode sends an escape sequence on button press

man4/dsp56k.4

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Allowed values are in the range 1 to 4,
 and is the number of bytes that will be received at a time from the
 DSP56001.
 These data quantities will either truncated, or padded with
-a null byte ('\\0') to fit the native 24-bit data format of the DSP56001.
+a null byte (\'\\0\') to fit the native 24-bit data format of the DSP56001.
 .IP \fBDSP56K_HOST_FLAGS\fP
 read and write the host flags.
 The host flags are four

man4/mouse.4

@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ This is the specification, in fact 9 V suffices with most mice.
 .PP
 The mouse driver can recognize a mouse by dropping RTS to low and raising
 it again.
-About 14 ms later the mouse will send 0x4D ('M') on the data line.
+About 14 ms later the mouse will send 0x4D (\'M\') on the data line.
 After a further 63 ms, a Microsoft-compatible 3-button mouse will send
-0x33 ('3').
+0x33 (\'3\').
 .PP
 The relative mouse movement is sent as \fIdx\fP (positive means right)
 and \fIdy\fP (positive means down).

man4/tty_ioctl.4

@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ otherwise).
 In packet mode, each subsequent
 .BR read (2)
 will return a packet that either contains a single non-zero control byte,
-or has a single byte containing zero (''\0') followed by data
+or has a single byte containing zero (\'\0\') followed by data
 written on the slave side of the pty.
 If the first byte is not
 .B TIOCPKT_DATA

man5/core.5

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ core filename, as is the combination of a % followed by any
 character other than those listed above.
 All other characters in the template become a literal
 part of the core filename.
-The template may include '/' characters, which are interpreted
+The template may include \'/\' characters, which are interpreted
 as delimiters for directory names.
 The maximum size of the resulting core filename is 64 bytes.
 The default value in this file is "core".

man5/elf.5

@@ -1437,7 +1437,7 @@ and section names.
 One references a string as an index into the string
 table section.
 The first byte, which is index zero, is defined to hold
-a null byte ('\\0').
+a null byte (\'\\0\').
 Similarly, a string table's last byte is defined to
 hold a null byte, ensuring null termination for all strings.
 .PP

man5/host.conf.5

@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ Valid methods are
 .I trim
 This keyword may be listed more than once.
 Each time it should be
-followed by a list of domains, separated by colons (':'), semicolons
-(';') or commas (','), with the leading dot.
+followed by a list of domains, separated by colons (\':\'), semicolons
+(\';\') or commas (\',\'), with the leading dot.
 When set, the
 resolv+ library will automatically trim the given domain name from the
 end of any hostname resolved via DNS.
@@ -166,13 +166,13 @@ Overrides the
 command.
 .TP
 .B RESOLV_ADD_TRIM_DOMAINS
-A list of domains,  separated by colons (':'), semicolons (';') or
-commas (','), with the leading dot, which will be added to the list of
+A list of domains,  separated by colons (\':\'), semicolons (\';\') or
+commas (\',\'), with the leading dot, which will be added to the list of
 domains that should be trimmed.
 .TP
 .B RESOLV_OVERRIDE_TRIM_DOMAINS
-A list of domains,  separated by colons (':'), semicolons (';') or
-commas (','), with the leading dot, which will replace the list of
+A list of domains,  separated by colons (\':\'), semicolons (\';\') or
+commas (\',\'), with the leading dot, which will replace the list of
 domains that should be trimmed.
 Overrides the
 .I trim

man5/nscd.conf.5

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Each line specifies either an attribute and a value, or an
 attribute, service, and a value.
 Fields are separated either by SPACE
 or TAB characters.
-A '#' (number sign) indicates the beginning of a
+A \'#\' (number sign) indicates the beginning of a
 comment; following characters, up to the end of the line,
 are not interpreted by nscd.
 

man5/passwd.5

@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ the name of the user on the system.
 It should not contain capital letters.
 .TP
 .I password
-the encrypted user password, an asterisk (*), or the letter 'x'.
+the encrypted user password, an asterisk (*), or the letter \'x\'.
 (See
 .BR pwconv (8)
-for an explanation of 'x'.)
+for an explanation of \'x\'.)
 .TP
 .I UID
 the numerical user ID.

man5/proc.5

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ are not available if the main thread has already terminated
 .TP
 .I /proc/[number]/environ
 This file contains the environment for the process.
-The entries are separated by null bytes ('\\0'),
+The entries are separated by null bytes (\'\\0\'),
 and there may be a null bytes at the end.
 Thus, to print out the environment of process 1, you would do:
 
@@ -1846,7 +1846,7 @@ This is useful for analyzing virtual memory behavior.
 .\" FIXME more should be said about /proc/zoneinfo
 .SH NOTES
 Many strings (i.e., the environment and command line) are in
-the internal format, with sub-fields terminated by null bytes ('\\0'),
+the internal format, with sub-fields terminated by null bytes (\'\\0\'),
 so you
 may find that things are more readable if you use \fIod \-c\fP or \fItr
 "\\000" "\\n"\fP to read them.

man5/resolv.conf.5

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ relative to the local domain.
 If no \fBdomain\fP entry is present, the domain is determined
 from the local host name returned by
 .BR gethostname (2);
-the domain part is taken to be everything after the first '.'.
+the domain part is taken to be everything after the first \'.\'.
 Finally, if the host name does not contain a domain part, the root
 domain is assumed.
 .TP

man5/rpc.5

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ aliases
 .LP
 Items are separated by any number of blanks and/or
 tab characters.
-A '#' indicates the beginning of a comment; characters from
-the '#' to the end of the line are not interpreted by routines
+A \'#\' indicates the beginning of a comment; characters from
+the \'#\' to the end of the line are not interpreted by routines
 which search the file.
 .LP
 Here is an example of the \fI/etc/rpc\fP file from the Sun RPC Source

man5/termcap.5

@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@ The termcap database is indexed on the
 .B TERM
 environment variable.
 .LP
-Termcap entries must be defined on a single logical line, with '\\'
+Termcap entries must be defined on a single logical line, with \'\\\'
 used to suppress the newline.
-Fields are separated by ':'.
+Fields are separated by \':\'.
 The first field of each entry starts at the left-hand margin,
-and contains a list of names for the terminal, separated by '|'.
+and contains a list of names for the terminal, separated by \'|\'.
 .LP
 The first subfield may (in BSD termcap entries from versions 4.3 and
 prior) contain a short name consisting of two characters.
@@ -377,9 +377,9 @@ XF	XOFF character if not ^S
 .LP
 There are several ways of defining the control codes for string capabilities:
 .LP
-Every normal character represents itself, except '^','\e' and '%'.
+Every normal character represents itself, except \'^\',\'\e\' and \'%\'.
 .LP
-A '^x' means Control-x.
+A \'^x\' means Control-x.
 Control-A equals 1 decimal.
 .LP
 \ex means a special code.
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ Do ASCII output of this parameter with a field with of 2
 .IP d
 Do ASCII output of this parameter with a field with of 3
 .IP %
-Print a '%'
+Print a \'%\'
 .LP
 If you use binary output, then you should avoid the null character
 because it terminates the string.

man7/charsets.7

@@ -272,9 +272,9 @@ byte is the head of a code.
 Note that the only way ASCII bytes occur
 in a UTF-8 stream, is as themselves.
 In particular, there are no
-embedded NULs ('\\0') or '/'s that form part of some larger code.
+embedded NULs (\'\\0\') or \'/\'s that form part of some larger code.
 .LP
-Since ASCII, and, in particular, NUL and '/', are unchanged, the
+Since ASCII, and, in particular, NUL and \'/\', are unchanged, the
 kernel does not notice that UTF-8 is being used.
 It does not care at
 all what the bytes it is handling stand for.

man7/locale.7

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ struct lconv {
 
     char *int_curr_symbol;   /* First three chars are a currency symbol
                                  from ISO 4217.  Fourth char is the
-                                 separator.  Fifth char is '\0'. */
+                                 separator.  Fifth char is \'\\0\'. */
     char *currency_symbol;   /* Local currency symbol */
     char *mon_decimal_point; /* Radix character */
     char *mon_thousands_sep; /* Like \fIthousands_sep\fP above */

man7/path_resolution.7

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Unix/Linux path resolution \- find the file referred to by a filename
 Some Unix/Linux system calls have as parameter one or more filenames.
 A filename (or pathname) is resolved as follows.
 .SS "Step 1: Start of the resolution process"
-If the pathname starts with the '/' character, the starting lookup directory
+If the pathname starts with the \'/\' character, the starting lookup directory
 is the root directory of the calling process.
 (A process inherits its
 root directory from its parent.
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ it \(em or one of its ancestors \(em was started by an invocation of the
 system call that had the
 .B CLONE_NEWNS
 flag set.)
-This handles the '/' part of the pathname.
+This handles the \'/\' part of the pathname.
 
-If the pathname does not start with the '/' character, the
+If the pathname does not start with the \'/\' character, the
 starting lookup directory of the resolution process is the current working
 directory of the process.
 (This is also inherited from the parent.
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ It can be changed by use of the
 .BR chdir (2)
 system call.)
 
-Pathnames starting with a '/' character are called absolute pathnames.
-Pathnames not starting with a '/' are called relative pathnames.
+Pathnames starting with a \'/\' character are called absolute pathnames.
+Pathnames not starting with a \'/\' are called relative pathnames.
 .SS "Step 2: Walk along the path"
 Set the current lookup directory to the starting lookup directory.
 Now, for each non-final component of the pathname, where a component
-is a substring delimited by '/' characters, this component is looked up
+is a substring delimited by \'/\' characters, this component is looked up
 in the current lookup directory.
 
 If the process does not have search permission on
@@ -135,11 +135,11 @@ One can walk out of a mounted file system: "path/.." refers to
 the parent directory of "path",
 outside of the file system hierarchy on "dev".
 .SS "Trailing slashes"
-If a pathname ends in a '/', that forces resolution of the preceding
+If a pathname ends in a \'/\', that forces resolution of the preceding
 component as in Step 2: it has to exist and resolve to a directory.
-Otherwise a trailing '/' is ignored.
-(Or, equivalently, a pathname with a trailing '/' is equivalent to
-the pathname obtained by appending '.' to it.)
+Otherwise a trailing \'/\' is ignored.
+(Or, equivalently, a pathname with a trailing \'/\' is equivalent to
+the pathname obtained by appending \'.\' to it.)
 .SS "Final symlink"
 If the last component of a pathname is a symbolic link, then it
 depends on the system call whether the file referred to will be

man7/unix.7

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ always contains
 contains the zero-terminated pathname of the socket in the file system.
 If
 .I sun_path
-starts with a null byte (''\0'),
+starts with a null byte (\'\\0\'),
 then it refers to the abstract namespace maintained by
 the Unix protocol module.
 The socket's address in this namespace is given by the rest of the

man7/uri.7

@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ Note that descendants of MS-DOS (e.g., Microsoft Windows) replace
 devicename colons with the vertical bar ("|") in URIs, so "C:" becomes "C|".
 .PP
 A fragment identifier, if included, refers to a particular named portion
-(fragment) of a resource; text after a '#' identifies the fragment.
-A URI beginning with '#' refers to that fragment in the current resource.
+(fragment) of a resource; text after a \'#\' identifies the fragment.
+A URI beginning with \'#\' refers to that fragment in the current resource.
 .SS Usage
 There are many different URI schemes, each with specific
 additional rules and meanings, but they are intentionally made to be
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ section 4.
 a comma-separated list of type=value
 pairs, where the =value portion may be omitted for options not
 requiring it.
-An extension prefixed with a '!' is critical
+An extension prefixed with a \'!\' is critical
 (must be supported to be valid), otherwise it is non-critical (optional).
 .PP
 LDAP queries are easiest to explain by example.