Remove/replace extraneous .sp macros.

This commit is contained in:
Michael Kerrisk 2008-01-01 14:13:55 +00:00
parent 984886049d
commit ca92ce95a3
9 changed files with 33 additions and 33 deletions

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@ -82,9 +82,9 @@ and make it be a copy of
This is different from This is different from
.BR dup2 (2) .BR dup2 (2)
which uses exactly the descriptor specified. which uses exactly the descriptor specified.
.sp .IP
On success, the new descriptor is returned. On success, the new descriptor is returned.
.sp .IP
See See
.BR dup (2) .BR dup (2)
for further details. for further details.
@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Duplicated file descriptors
.BR fork (2), .BR fork (2),
etc.) refer to the same open file description, and thus etc.) refer to the same open file description, and thus
share the same file status flags. share the same file status flags.
.sp
The file status flags and their semantics are described in The file status flags and their semantics are described in
.BR open (2). .BR open (2).
.TP .TP
@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ is subject to the same permissions checks as are described for
where the sending process is the one that employs where the sending process is the one that employs
.B F_SETOWN .B F_SETOWN
(but see BUGS below). (but see BUGS below).
.sp
If the file descriptor If the file descriptor
.I fd .I fd
refers to a socket, refers to a socket,
@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ Any other value (including
is the signal to send instead, and in this case additional info is the signal to send instead, and in this case additional info
is available to the signal handler if installed with is available to the signal handler if installed with
.BR SA_SIGINFO . .BR SA_SIGINFO .
.sp
Additionally, passing a nonzero value to Additionally, passing a nonzero value to
.B F_SETSIG .B F_SETSIG
changes the signal recipient from a whole process to a specific thread changes the signal recipient from a whole process to a specific thread
@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ within a process.
See the description of See the description of
.B F_SETOWN .B F_SETOWN
for more details. for more details.
.sp
By using By using
.B F_SETSIG .B F_SETSIG
with a nonzero value, and setting with a nonzero value, and setting
@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ should use the usual mechanisms
with with
.B O_NONBLOCK .B O_NONBLOCK
set etc.) to determine which file descriptors are available for I/O. set etc.) to determine which file descriptors are available for I/O.
.sp
By selecting a real time signal (value >= By selecting a real time signal (value >=
.BR SIGRTMIN ), .BR SIGRTMIN ),
multiple I/O events may be queued using the same signal numbers. multiple I/O events may be queued using the same signal numbers.
@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ DN_ATTRIB The attributes of a file were changed
(In order to obtain these definitions, the (In order to obtain these definitions, the
.B _GNU_SOURCE .B _GNU_SOURCE
feature test macro must be defined.) feature test macro must be defined.)
.sp
Directory notifications are normally "one-shot", and the application Directory notifications are normally "one-shot", and the application
must re-register to receive further notifications. must re-register to receive further notifications.
Alternatively, if Alternatively, if
@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ To disable notification of all events, make an
call specifying call specifying
.I arg .I arg
as 0. as 0.
.sp
Notification occurs via delivery of a signal. Notification occurs via delivery of a signal.
The default signal is The default signal is
.BR SIGIO , .BR SIGIO ,
@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ and the
field of this structure contains the file descriptor which field of this structure contains the file descriptor which
generated the notification (useful when establishing notification generated the notification (useful when establishing notification
on multiple directories). on multiple directories).
.sp
Especially when using Especially when using
.BR DN_MULTISHOT , .BR DN_MULTISHOT ,
a real time signal should be used for notification, a real time signal should be used for notification,

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@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ but can be used from user space.
.\" , given the following information .\" , given the following information
.\" in addition to that given in .\" in addition to that given in
.\" .BR outb (9). .\" .BR outb (9).
.sp
You compile with \fB\-O\fP or \fB\-O2\fP or similar. You compile with \fB\-O\fP or \fB\-O2\fP or similar.
The functions The functions
are defined as inline macros, and will not be substituted in without are defined as inline macros, and will not be substituted in without
optimization enabled, causing unresolved references at link time. optimization enabled, causing unresolved references at link time.
.sp
You use You use
.BR ioperm (2) .BR ioperm (2)
or alternatively or alternatively

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@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ as the
socket option (see socket option (see
.BR tcp (7)), .BR tcp (7)),
with the difference that this flag can be set on a per-call basis. with the difference that this flag can be set on a per-call basis.
.sp
Since Linux 2.6, this flag is also supported for UDP sockets, and informs Since Linux 2.6, this flag is also supported for UDP sockets, and informs
the kernel to package all of the data sent in calls with this flag set the kernel to package all of the data sent in calls with this flag set
into a single datagram which is only transmitted when a call is performed into a single datagram which is only transmitted when a call is performed

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@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ symbolic links.
These system calls supersede the older system calls These system calls supersede the older system calls
which, except in the case of the "stat" calls, which, except in the case of the "stat" calls,
have the same name without the "64" suffix. have the same name without the "64" suffix.
.sp
On newer platforms that only have 64-bit file access and 32-bit uids On newer platforms that only have 64-bit file access and 32-bit uids
(e.g., alpha, ia64, s390x) there are no *64 or *32 calls. (e.g., alpha, ia64, s390x) there are no *64 or *32 calls.
Where the *64 and *32 calls exist, the other versions are obsolete. Where the *64 and *32 calls exist, the other versions are obsolete.

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@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ Otherwise, the elements of \fIargv\fP aren't really const, because we
permute them. permute them.
We pretend they're const in the prototype to be We pretend they're const in the prototype to be
compatible with other systems. compatible with other systems.
.sp
On some older implementations, On some older implementations,
.BR getopt () .BR getopt ()
was declared in was declared in

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@ -1088,7 +1088,7 @@ idle task, respectively.
.\" does not seem to be quite right (at least in 2.6.12) .\" does not seem to be quite right (at least in 2.6.12)
The last value should be USER_HZ times the The last value should be USER_HZ times the
second entry in the uptime pseudo-file. second entry in the uptime pseudo-file.
.sp
In Linux 2.6 this line includes three additional columns: In Linux 2.6 this line includes three additional columns:
.I iowait .I iowait
\- time waiting for I/O to complete (since 2.5.41); \- time waiting for I/O to complete (since 2.5.41);
@ -1096,7 +1096,7 @@ In Linux 2.6 this line includes three additional columns:
\- time servicing interrupts (since 2.6.0-test4); \- time servicing interrupts (since 2.6.0-test4);
.I softirq .I softirq
\- time servicing softirqs (since 2.6.0-test4). \- time servicing softirqs (since 2.6.0-test4).
.sp
Since Linux 2.6.11, there is an eighth column, Since Linux 2.6.11, there is an eighth column,
.I steal .I steal
\- stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating systems when \- stolen time, which is the time spent in other operating systems when

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@ -124,11 +124,11 @@ Dates should be written in the form YYYY-MM-DD.
.TP .TP
.I source .I source
The source of the command, function, or system call. The source of the command, function, or system call.
.sp
For those few \fIman-pages\fP pages in Sections 1 and 8, For those few \fIman-pages\fP pages in Sections 1 and 8,
probably you just want to write probably you just want to write
.IR GNU . .IR GNU .
.sp
For system calls, just write For system calls, just write
.IR "Linux" . .IR "Linux" .
(An earlier practice was to write the version number (An earlier practice was to write the version number
@ -136,15 +136,15 @@ of the kernel from which the manual page was being written/checked.
However, this was never done consistently, and so was However, this was never done consistently, and so was
probably worse than including no version number. probably worse than including no version number.
Henceforth, avoid including a version number.) Henceforth, avoid including a version number.)
.sp
For library calls that are part of glibc or one of the For library calls that are part of glibc or one of the
other common GNU libraries, just use other common GNU libraries, just use
.IR "GNU C Library" ", " GNU , .IR "GNU C Library" ", " GNU ,
or an empty string. or an empty string.
.sp
For Section 4 pages, use For Section 4 pages, use
.IR "Linux" . .IR "Linux" .
.sp
In cases of doubt, just write In cases of doubt, just write
.IR Linux ", or " GNU . .IR Linux ", or " GNU .
.TP .TP

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@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ released by the University of California at Berkeley.
This was the first Berkeley release that contained a TCP/IP This was the first Berkeley release that contained a TCP/IP
stack and the sockets API. stack and the sockets API.
4.2BSD was released in 1983. 4.2BSD was released in 1983.
.sp
Earlier major BSD releases included \fI3BSD\fP (1980), \fI4BSD\fP (1980), Earlier major BSD releases included \fI3BSD\fP (1980), \fI4BSD\fP (1980),
and \fI4.1BSD\fP (1981). and \fI4.1BSD\fP (1981).
.TP .TP
@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ The standard is available online at
http://www.unix-systems.org/version3/ , http://www.unix-systems.org/version3/ ,
and the interfaces that it describes are also available in the Linux and the interfaces that it describes are also available in the Linux
manual pages package under sections 1p and 3p (e.g., "man 3p open"). manual pages package under sections 1p and 3p (e.g., "man 3p open").
.sp
The standard defines two levels of conformance: The standard defines two levels of conformance:
.IR "POSIX conformance" , .IR "POSIX conformance" ,
which is a baseline set of interfaces required of a conforming system; which is a baseline set of interfaces required of a conforming system;
@ -201,27 +201,27 @@ XSI-conformant systems can be branded
(XSI conformance constitutes the (XSI conformance constitutes the
.I "Single UNIX Specification version 3" .I "Single UNIX Specification version 3"
.RI ( SUSv3 ).) .RI ( SUSv3 ).)
.sp
The POSIX.1-2001 document is broken into four parts: The POSIX.1-2001 document is broken into four parts:
.sp
.BR XBD : .BR XBD :
Definitions, terms and concepts, header file specifications. Definitions, terms and concepts, header file specifications.
.sp
.BR XSH : .BR XSH :
Specifications of functions (i.e., system calls and library Specifications of functions (i.e., system calls and library
functions in actual implementations). functions in actual implementations).
.sp
.BR XCU : .BR XCU :
Specifications of commands and utilities Specifications of commands and utilities
(i.e., the area formerly described by POSIX.2). (i.e., the area formerly described by POSIX.2).
.sp
.BR XRAT : .BR XRAT :
Informative text on the other parts of the standard. Informative text on the other parts of the standard.
.sp
POSIX.1-2001 is aligned with C99, so that all of the POSIX.1-2001 is aligned with C99, so that all of the
library functions standardized in C99 are also library functions standardized in C99 are also
standardized in POSIX.1-1001. standardized in POSIX.1-1001.
.sp
Two Technical Corrigenda (minor fixes and improvements) Two Technical Corrigenda (minor fixes and improvements)
of the original 2001 standard have occurred: of the original 2001 standard have occurred:
TC1 in 2003 (referred to as TC1 in 2003 (referred to as

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@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ is returned.
Returns true (i.e., Returns true (i.e.,
.I value .I value
is nonzero) if the inbound data stream is at the urgent mark. is nonzero) if the inbound data stream is at the urgent mark.
.sp
If the If the
.B SO_OOBINLINE .B SO_OOBINLINE
socket option is set, and socket option is set, and
@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ next read from the socket will return the bytes following
the urgent data (to actually read the urgent data requires the the urgent data (to actually read the urgent data requires the
.B recv(MSG_OOB) .B recv(MSG_OOB)
flag). flag).
.sp
Note that a read never reads across the urgent mark. Note that a read never reads across the urgent mark.
If an application is informed of the presence of urgent data via If an application is informed of the presence of urgent data via
.BR select (2) .BR select (2)