From b83e27e8a809373664f91a773aac868fc84fea79 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Michael Kerrisk Date: Wed, 6 Mar 2019 17:26:59 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] Start of man-pages-5.01: updating Changes and Changes.old --- Changes | 1264 +------------------------------------------------ Changes.old | 1297 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 1299 insertions(+), 1262 deletions(-) diff --git a/Changes b/Changes index 33677bf0c..1470b1187 100644 --- a/Changes +++ b/Changes @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -==================== Changes in man-pages-5.00 ==================== +==================== Changes in man-pages-5.01 ==================== -Released: 2019-03-06, Munich +Released: ????-??-??, Munich Contributors @@ -10,137 +10,6 @@ The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been incorporated in changes in this release: -Adam Manzanares -Alan Jenkins -Alec Leamas -Alessandro Vesely -Alexander E. Patrakov -Allison Randal -Amir Goldstein -Anatoly Borodin -Andreas Gruenbacher -Andreas Westfeld -Andrei Vagin -Andrew Price -Anthony Iliopoulos -Antonio Chirizzi -Antonio Ospite -Arkadiusz Drabczyk -Balbir Singh -Benjamin Peterson -Bernd Petrovitsch -bert hubert -Bjarni Ingi Gislason -Burkhard Lück -Carlos O'Donell -Claudio Scordino -Daniel Borkmann -Daniel Kamil Kozar -Davidlohr Bueso -Davidlohr Bueso -David Newall -Dmitry V. Levin -Elliot Hughes -Elvira Khabirova -Emil Fihlman -Enrico Scholz -Eric Benton -Eric Sanchis -Eugene Syromiatnikov -Eugene Syromyatnikov -Felipe Gasper -Florian Weimer -Frank Theile -G. Branden Robinson -Goldwyn Rodrigues -Goldwyn Rodrigues -Göran Häggsjö -Harry Mallon -Heinrich Schuchardt -Heiko Carstens -Helge Deller -Henry Wilson -Hiroya Ito -Howard Johnson -Ian Turner -Ignat Loskutov -Ingo Schwarze -Jakub Wilk -James Weigle -Jann Horn -Jann Horn -Jason A. Donenfeld -Jeff Moyer -Jens Thoms Toerring -Joe Lawrence -Johannes Altmanninger -Johannes Liebermann -Jonny Grant -Joseph C. Sible -Joseph Sible -Josh Gao -Josh Triplett -Kees Cook -Keith Thompson -Keno Fischer -Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk -Konst Mayer -Leah Hanson -Lucas De Marchi -Lucas Werkmeister -Luka Macan -Marc-André Lureau -Marcus Gelderie -Marcus Gelderie -Marko Myllynen -Mark Schott -Matthew Bobrowski -Matthew Kilgore -Mattias Engdegård -Mauro Carvalho Chehab -Michael Becker -Michael Kerrisk -Michael Witten -Michal Hocko -Mihir Mehta -Mike Frysinger -Mike Frysinger -Mike Rapoport -Mike Weilgart -Nadav Har'El -Nick Gregory -Niklas Hambüchen -Nikola Forró -nixiaoming -Oded Elisha -Paul Eggert -Paul Millar -Philip Dumont -Pierre Chifflier -Quentin Monnet -Radostin Stoyanov -Robert O'Callahan -Robert P. J. Day -Robin Kuzmin -ruschein -Sam Varshavchik -Sean Young -Shawn Landden -Simone Piccardi -snyh -Solal Pirelli -Stan Schwertly -Stephan Knauss -Szabolcs Nagy -Thomas Posch -Tobias Klauser -Troy Engel -Tycho Andersen -Tycho Kirchner -Vince Weaver -Wang Nan -William Kucharski -Xiao Yang Apologies if I missed anyone! @@ -148,1148 +17,19 @@ Apologies if I missed anyone! New and rewritten pages ----------------------- -s390_guarded_storage.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - New page documenting s390_guarded_storage(2) s390-specific system call - -address_families.7 - Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov] - New page that contains details of socket address families - There is too much detail in socket(2). Move most of it into - a new page instead. - -bpf-helpers.7 - Michael Kerrisk [Daniel Borkmann, Quentin Monnet] - Add new man page for eBPF helper functions - (autogenerated from kernel source files) - Newly documented interfaces in existing pages --------------------------------------------- -prctl.2 - Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk [Michael Kerrisk] - Document PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL and PR_GET_SPECULATION_CTRL - -sched_setattr.2 - Claudio Scordino [Michael Kerrisk] - Document SCHED_FLAG_DL_OVERRUN and SCHED_FLAG_RECLAIM - -socket.2 - Tobias Klauser - Document AF_XDP - Document AF_XDP added in Linux 4.18. - -inotify.7 - Henry Wilson - Document IN_MASK_CREATE - -unix.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Document SO_PASSSEC - Michael Kerrisk - Document SCM_SECURITY ancillary data - New and changed links --------------------- -reallocarray.3 - Michael Kerrisk - New link to malloc(3) - -precedence.7 - Josh Triplett - Add as a redirect to operator.7 - Global changes -------------- -Various pages - Michael Kerrisk [G. Branden Robinson] - Use '\e' rather than '\\' to get a backslash - -Various pages - Michael Kerrisk [Bjarni Ingi Gislason, G. Branden Robinson] - Use zero‐width space in appropriate locations - -Various pages - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify the distinction between "file descriptor" and "file description" - -Various pages - Mike Rapoport - Update paths for in-kernel memory management documentation files - -A few pages - Michael Kerrisk - Change references to '2.6.0-test*' series kernels to just '2.6.0' - Changes to individual pages --------------------------- -iconv.1 - Marko Myllynen - SEE ALSO: add uconv(1) - -localedef.1 - Howard Johnson - Note that -f and -c, are reversed from what you might expect - -time.1 - Michael Kerrisk [Johannes Altmanninger] - Document the -q/--quiet option - Jakub Wilk - Update bug reporting address - -bpf.2 - Tobias Klauser - Update JIT support list for Linux 4.18 - JIT support for x86-32 was during the Linux 4.18 release cycle. - Also correct the entry for MIPS (only MIPS64 is supported). - Oded Elisha - Fix bug in example - Quentin Monnet - SEE ALSO: add bpf-helpers(7) - -capget.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Remove crufty sentence suggesting use of deprecated functions - Remove crufty sentence suggesting use of deprecated capsetp(3) and - capgetp(3); the manual page for those functions has long (at least - as far back as 2007) noted that they are deprecated. - Michael Kerrisk - Remove first paragraph, which repeats details from capabilities(7) - -chroot.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Mention /proc/[pid]/root - -clock_getres.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] - CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW does not count while the system is suspended - Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] - On Linux CLOCK_MONOTONIC counts time that the system has run since boot - Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] - CLOCK_MONOTONIC does not count while the system is suspended - Michael Kerrisk - ERRORS: add EINVAL error for noncanonical clock_settime() value - -clone.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Rework discussion of threads and signals - The discussion is phrased in terms of signals sent using kill(2), - but applies equally to a signal sent by the kernel. - Jann Horn - Pending CLONE_NEWPID prevents thread creation - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify the discussion of threads and signals - And explicitly introduce the terms "process-directed" and - "thread-directed" signals. - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Add information about clone and clone2 on IA-64 - Michael Kerrisk - ERRORS: EINVAL occurs with CLONE_NEWUSER if !CONFIG_USER_NS - -connect.2 - Benjamin Peterson - Document error semantics of nonblocking UNIX domain sockets - -epoll_ctl.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Use the term "interest list" consistently - -epoll_wait.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify the behavior when epoll_wait()-ing on an empty interest list - Michael Kerrisk - Note that epoll_wait() round robins through the set of ready descriptors - -eventfd.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Move text noting that eventfd() creates a FD earlier in the page - -fanotify_init.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Add a little more detail on FAN_REPORT_TID - -fanotify_init.2 -fanotify.7 - nixiaoming [Amir Goldstein] - Document FAN_REPORT_TID - fanotify_init.2: add new flag FAN_REPORT_TID - fanotify.7: update description of member pid in - struct fanotify_event_metadata - Amir Goldstein - Document FAN_MARK_FILESYSTEM - Monitor fanotify events on the entire filesystem. - Matthew Bobrowski [Amir Goldstein] - Document FAN_OPEN_EXEC and FAN_OPEN_EXEC_PERM - -fcntl.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Actual pipe capacity may in practice be less than nominal capacity - The number of bytes that can be written to the pipe may be less - (sometimes substantially less) than the nominal capacity. - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Mention that l_sysid is not used even if present - Michael Kerrisk - Briefly explain the meaning of the 'l_sysid' field in 'struct flock' - -futex.2 - Benjamin Peterson - Make the example use C11 atomics rather than GCC builtins - -getcpu.2 - Tobias Klauser [Michael Kerrisk] - getcpu() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2) - The glibc wrapper was added in glibc 2.29, release on 1 Feb 2019. - -getgid.2 -getpid.2 -getuid.2 -pipe.2 -syscall.2 - Eugene Syromiatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] - Describe 2nd return value peculiarity - Some architectures (ab)use second return value register for - additional return value in some system calls. Let's describe this. - -getgroups.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Note that a process can drop all groups with: setgroups(0, NULL) - -getrlimit.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Note that setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU) doesn't fail - Michael Kerrisk - Resource limits are process-wide attributes shared by all threads - This was already noted in pthreads(7), but bears repeating here. - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Correct information about large limits on 32-bit architectures - -gettid.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Glibc provides a wrapper since version 2.30 - -gettimeofday.2 - Michael Kerrisk - ERRORS: add EINVAL for noncanonical 'tv' argument to settimeofday() - -gettimeofday.2 -clock_getres.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] - ERRORS: EINVAL can occur if new real time is less than monotonic clock - -getxattr.2 -removexattr.2 -setxattr.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Gruenbacher, Enrico Scholz] - ERRORS: replace ENOATTR with ENODATA - See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201995 - -inotify_add_watch.2 - Paul Millar - Add IN_ONLYDIR based error - Henry Wilson - Note errors that can occur for IN_MASK_CREATE - -io_submit.2 - Adam Manzanares - Document IOCB_FLAG_IOPRIO - Jeff Moyer - Fix the description of aio_data - aio_data is not a kernel-internal field. - -madvise.2 - Michal Hocko [Niklas Hambüchen] - MADV_FREE clarify swapless behavior - -memfd_create.2 - Marc-André Lureau - Update hugetlb file-sealing support - Lucas De Marchi - Fix header for memfd_create() - Joseph C. Sible - _GNU_SOURCE is required - -mmap.2 - Elliott Hughes - Explicitly state that the fd can be closed - Jann Horn [Michal Hocko, William Kucharski] - Fix description of treatment of the hint - The current manpage reads as if the kernel will always pick a free - space close to the requested address, but that's not the case. - -mount.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Clearly distinguish per-mount-point vs per-superblock mount flags - Michael Kerrisk - MS_SILENT is ignored when changing propagation type - Michael Kerrisk - Attempts to change MS_SILENT setting during remount are silently ignored - Michael Kerrisk [Harry Mallon] - Document EROFS for read-only filesystems - See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200649 - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify that per-superblock flags are shared during remount - Michael Kerrisk - Remove crufty sentence about MS_BIND + MS_REMOUNT - Michael Kerrisk - Mention /proc/PID/mountinfo - Many people are unaware of the /proc/PID/mountinfo file. Provide - a helpful clue here. - Michael Kerrisk - Mandatory locking also now requires CONFIG_MANDATORY_FILE_LOCKING - Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] - Add MS_STRICTATIME to list of flags that can be used in remount - Michael Kerrisk - EACCES: note some reasons why a filesystem may be read-only - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add ioctl_iflags(2) - -msgctl.2 -semctl.2 -shmctl.2 - Davidlohr Bueso [Joe Lawrence, Michael Kerrisk] - Document STAT_ANY commands - -msgop.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Correct the capability description for msgsnd() EACCESS error - -nfsservctl.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Add VERSIONS section noting that this system call no longer exists - -open.2 - Lucas Werkmeister - Document ENXIO for sockets - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify a special use case of O_NONBLOCK for devices - Eugene Syromiatnikov - Mention presence of unused O_RSYNC definition - O_RSYNC is defined in on HP PA-RISC, but is not - used anyway. - Eugene Syromiatnikov - Document FASYNC usage in Linux UAPI headers - Andrew Price - Remove O_DIRECT-related quotation - Remove a section that adds no benefit to the discussion of O_DIRECT. - Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] - Clarify that O_NONBLOCK has no effect on poll/epoll/select - -perf_event_open.2 - Vince Weaver [Wang Nan] - Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT ioctl - The PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT ioctl was introduced in Linux 4.7. - Vince Weaver - Fix wording in multiplexing description - Vince Weaver - Clarify exclude_idle - Vince Weaver - Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_QUERY_BPF ioctl - Vince Weaver - Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_MODIFY_ATTRIBUTES ioctl - Vince Weaver - Fix prctl behavior description - -pivot_root.2 - Elvira Khabirova - Joseph Sible [Joseph C. Sible] - Document EINVAL if root is rootfs - -pkey_alloc.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Szabolcs Nagy] - Switch to glibc prototype in SYNOPSIS - -poll.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Note that poll() and ppoll() are not affected by O_NONBLOCK - -posix_fadvise.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Describe the difference between fadvise64/fadvise64_64 - -prctl.2 - Benjamin Peterson - PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE may now be used as many times as desired - Michael Kerrisk - Add some further historical details on PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE - Michael Kerrisk [Jann Horn] - Explain the circumstances in which the parent-death signal is sent - Michael Kerrisk - Rework the PR_SET_PDEATHSIG description a little, for easier readability - Michael Kerrisk - Add additional info on PR_SET_PDEATHSIG - The signal is process directed and the siginfo_t->si_pid - filed contains the PID of the terminating parent. - Michael Kerrisk - Note libcap(3) APIs for operating on ambient capability set - (However, the libcap APIs do not yet seem to have - manual pages...) - Michael Kerrisk - Mention libcap APIs for operating on capability bounding set - -ptrace.2 - Dmitry V. Levin - Do not say that PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD may not work - Jann Horn - BUGS: ptrace() may set errno to zero - -readdir.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Fix struct old_linux_dirent in accordance with current definition - -readv.2 - Xiao Yang [Florian Weimer] - Fix wrong errno for an unknown flag - -rename.2 - Michael Kerrisk - glibc 2.28 adds library support for renameat2() - Tobias Klauser - Add feature test macro for renameat2() - The glibc wrapper for renameat2() was added in glibc 2.28 and - requires _GNU_SOURCE. - Eugene Syromiatnikov - Some additional notes regarding RENAME_WHITEOUT - Lucas Werkmeister [Michael Kerrisk] - Add kernel versions for RENAME_NOREPLACE support - Michael Kerrisk - Rework list of supported filesystems for RENAME_NOREPLACE - Tobias Klauser - renameat2() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2) - -s390_runtime_instr.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Add a note about runtime_instr.h availability - -s390_sthyi.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov [Heiko Carstens] - Some minor additions - -sched_setattr.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Add a bit more detail for SCHED_DEADLINE - -sched_setparam.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify that scheduling parameters are per-thread (not per-process) - -seccomp.2 - Michael Kerrisk - (Briefly) document SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_SPEC_ALLOW - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add bpfc(1) - -select.2 - Michael Kerrisk - BUGS: the use of value-result arguments is a design bug - Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] - Note that select() and pselect() are not affected by O_NONBLOCK - -select_tut.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Antonio Chirizzi] - Diagnose inet_aton() errors with simple fprintf() (not perror()) - -setgid.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify EPERM capability requirements with respect to user namespaces - -setns.2 - Michael Kerrisk - When joining a user namespace, it must be a descendant user namespace - Michael Kerrisk - Note capability requirements for changing PID namespace - Note capability requirements for changing network, IPC, or UTS namespace - Note capability requirements for changing cgroup namespace - Michael Kerrisk - Some text restructuring and reordering - -set_thread_area.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Mention related prctl() requests in SEE ALSO - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Mention that get_thread_area() is also Linux-specific - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Describe set_thread_area()/get_thread_area() on m68k/MIPS - -setuid.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify EPERM capability requirements with respect to user namespaces - -sigaction.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] - Describe obsolete usage of struct sigcontext as signal handler argument - -sigsuspend.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify that sigsuspend() suspends the calling *thread* - -socket.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Remove references to external docs - This information is all in the new address_families(7) - Michael Kerrisk - Add cross reference to address_families(7) - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Reinstate AF_VSOCK mention - Michael Kerrisk - Simplify list of address families - Remove many of the details that are in address_families(7) - Nikola Forró - Remove notes concerning AF_ALG and AF_XDP - All address families are now documented in address_families.7. - Michael Kerrisk - Remove some more obscure protocols from address family list - The list of address families in this page is still - overwhelmingly long. So let's shorten it. - The removed entries are all in address_families(7). - Michael Kerrisk - Remove a few obsolete protocols - Documentation for these remains in address_families(7) - -socketpair.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Note that AF_TIPC also supports socketpair(2) - Introduced by Linux commit v4.12-rc1~64^3~304^2~1. - -stat.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Alessandro Vesely] - ERRORS: ENOENT can occur where a path component is a dangling symlink - See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=909789 - Benjamin Peterson - SEE ALSO: add statx(2) - -statx.2 - Tobias Klauser [Michael Kerrisk] - statx() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2) - -syscall.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] - Elaborate x32 ABI specifics - snyh - Fix wrong retval register number in alpha architecture - Helge Deller - parisc needs care with syscall parameters - Michael Kerrisk - Rework table to render within 80 columns - -syscalls.2 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Change example of a thin syscall wrapper to chdir() - As truncate(3) should dispatch between truncate/truncate64, - as noted later in the page. - Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] - Update syscall table - Added: arc_gettls, arc_settls, arc_usr_cmpxchg, arch_prctl, - atomic_barrier, atomic_cmpxchg_32, bfin_spinlock, breakpoint, - clone2, cmpxchg, cmpxchg_badaddr, dma_memcpy, execv, get_tls, - getdomainname, getdtablesize, gethostname, getxgid, getxpid, - getxuid, metag_get_tls, metag_set_fpu_flags,metag_set_tls, - metag_set_global_bit, newfstatat, old_adjtimex, oldumount, - or1k_atomic, pread, pwrite, riscv_flush_icache, - sched_get_affinity, sched_set_affinity, set_tls, setaltroot, - sethae, setpgrp, spill, sram_alloc, sram_free, swapcontext, - switch_endian, sys_debug_setcontext, syscall, sysmips, timerfd, - usr26, usr32, xtensa. - - Uncommented: memory_ordering - - Renamed: ppc_rtas to rtas (__NR_rtas), ppc_swapcontext to - swapcontext (__NR_swacontext). - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Note about s390x and old_mmap - Michael Kerrisk - Add s390_guarded_storage(2) - Michael Kerrisk - Update syscall list for Linux 4.18 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Note that not all architectures return errno negated - Helge Deller - parisc Linux does not any longer emulate HP-UX - Michael Kerrisk - Comment out details of a few system calls that only ever briefly existed - -unshare.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden] - Same EINVAL errors as for clone(2) can also occur with unshare(2) - Tycho Andersen - Note EINVAL when unsharing pid ns twice - The kernel doesn't allow unsharing a pid NS if it has - previously been unshared. - -ustat.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Starting with version 2.28, glibc no longer provides a wrapper function - -vmsplice.2 - Andrei Vagin - Note that vmsplice can splice pages from pipe to memory - -wait.2 - Michael Kerrisk - Add some cross references to core(5) - -write.2 - Michael Kerrisk [Nadav Har'El] - RETURN VALUE: clarify details of partial write and - https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197961 - Goldwyn Rodrigues - Add details on partial direct I/O writes - -alloca.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] - Prevent any misunderstanding about when allocated memory is released - -bsd_signal.3 - Xiao Yang - Fix the wrong version of _POSIX_C_SOURCE - -bstring.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Emil Fihlman] - Correct argument list for memmem() prototype - -cmsg.3 - Michael Kerrisk - Explain zero-initialization requirement for CMSG_NXTHDR() - Michael Kerrisk - Remove out of place mention of MSG_CTRUNC - This detail is covered in recvmsg(2), and now also in unix(7). - Michael Kerrisk - Note that CMSG_FIRSTHDR can return NULL - Michael Kerrisk - Remove unnecessary 'fdptr' intermediate variable in example code - -des_crypt.3 -encrypt.3 - Michael Kerrisk - The functions described in these pages are removed in glibc 2.28 - -dlsym.3 - Michael Kerrisk - Describe a case where a symbol value may be NULL - -errno.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day] - Mention that errno(1) is part of the 'moreutils' package - -exec.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov] - Note that SPARCC provides an execv() system call - -exit.3 - Mike Frysinger - Note wider sysexits.h availability - -ferror.3 - Elliot Hughes - Warn about closing the result of fileno() - -fnmatch.3 - Elliott Hughes - Clarify "shell wildcard pattern" - -getaddrinfo.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Eric Sanchis] - Fix off-by-one error in example client program - -getcwd.3 - Michael Kerrisk - Rework text on use of getcwd() system call - Make it clear that all of the library functions described on this - page will use the getcwd() system call if it is present. - Michael Kerrisk - Add details on the getcwd() syscall and how it used by libc functions - Michael Kerrisk - Reorder the text describing "(unreachable)" being returned by getcwd() - -getmntent.3 - Elliot Hughes - Clarify that endmntent() should be used rather than fclose() - -isatty.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk] - Most non-tty files nowadays result in the error ENOTTY - Historically, at least FIFOs and pipes yielded the error EINVAL. - -lockf.3 - Ian Turner - ERRORS: add EINTR - -malloc.3 - Michael Kerrisk - Add reference to glibc MallocInternals wiki - Michael Kerrisk - Note that calloc() detects overflow when multiplying its arguments - Michael Kerrisk - Since glibc 2.29, realloc() is exposed by defining _DEFAULT_SOURCE - Info gleaned from glilic NEWS file. - -pthread_attr_init.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Göran Häggsjö, Jakub Wilk] - Use correct printf() specifier for "size_t" in example program - -pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np.3 - Carlos O'Donell - Remove bug notes - -pthread_setname_np.3 - Jakub Wilk - Explain _np suffix - Add text to CONFORMING TO explaining that the "_np" - suffix is because these functions are non-portable. - -putenv.3 - Michael Kerrisk - Note a glibc extension: putenv("NAME") removes an environment variable - -resolver.3 - Michael Becker - Add documentation of res_nclose() - -strcmp.3 - Heinrich Schuchardt - Clarify that strcmp() is not locale aware - -strcpy.3 - Matthew Kilgore - Fix example code for strncpy, which could pass an incorrect length - Michael Kerrisk [Frank Theile] - Use "destination" consistently (instead of "target" sometimes) - -strfry.3 - Keith Thompson - Remove incorrect reference to rand(3) - -string.3 -strlen.3 -strnlen.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk] - Use 'bytes' not 'characters' - This is in line with POSIX terminology. - -system.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant] - Use '(char *) NULL' rather than '(char *) 0' - Michael Kerrisk - Note that system() can fail for the same reasons as fork(2) - Arkadiusz Drabczyk - Mention that 'errno' is set on error - -termios.3 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Note an XTABS alpha issue - -trunc.3 - Michael Kerrisk [Eric Benton, G. Branden Robinson] - Make the description a little clearer - Michael Kerrisk - Emphasize that the return value is a floating-point number - -xcrypt.3 - Jason A. Donenfeld - Warn folks not to use these functions - -lirc.4 - Sean Young - Fix broken link - Sean Young - Document error returns more explicitly - Sean Young - lirc.h include file is in /usr/include/linux/lirc.h - Sean Young [Alec Leamas, Mauro Carvalho Chehab] - Remove ioctls and feature bits which were never implemented - Sean Young - Unsupported ioctl() operationsalways return ENOTTY - Sean Young - LIRC_MODE_LIRCCODE has been replaced by LIRC_MODE_SCANCODE - Sean Young - Document remaining ioctl (LIRC_GET_REC_TIMEOUT) - Now all ioctls are documented. - Sean Young - Timeout reports are enabled by default - Sean Young - Some devices are send only - Sean Young - Update SEE ALSO - Sean Young - LIRC_CAN_SET_REC_DUTY_CYCLE_RANGE was never supported - No driver ever supported such a thing. - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify the description LIRC_SET_REC_TIMEOUT - -tty.4 - Michael Witten - Add `vcs(4)' and `pty(7)' to the `SEE ALSO' section - -vcs.4 - Mattias Engdegård [Michael Witten] - Fix broken example code - -core.5 - Michael Kerrisk - Add cross reference to vdso(7) where "virtual DSO" is mentioned - -filesystems.5 - Eugene Syromyatnikov - Mention sysfs(2) - -host.conf.5 - Nikola Forró - Clarify glibc versions in which spoof options were removed - -proc.5 - Michael Kerrisk [Philip Dumont] - Document /proc/[tid] - See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201441 - Michael Kerrisk - Add an overview section describing the groups of files under /proc - Keno Fischer [Robert O'Callahan] - Correct description of NStgid - Lucas Werkmeister - Document fdinfo format for timerfd - Stephan Knauss - Mention /proc/uptime includes time spent in suspend - Michael Kerrisk - Reword /proc/PID/fdinfo timerfd field descriptions as a hanging list - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add htop(1) and pstree(1) - fs/proc/uptime.c:uptime_proc_show() fetches time using - ktime_get_boottime which includes the time spent in suspend. - Michael Kerrisk - Document /proc/PID/status CoreDumping field - Michael Kerrisk - Mention choom(1) in discussion of /proc/[pid]/oom_score_adj - Michael Kerrisk - Add a few details on /rpoc/PID/fdinfo timerfd - Michael Kerrisk - Document /proc/meminfo KReclaimable field - Added in Linux 4.20. - Michael Kerrisk - Explain how to determine top-most mount in /proc/PID/mountinfo - Explain how to determine the top-most mount at a particular - location by inspecting /proc/PID/mountinfo. - Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk] - Remove bogus suggestion to use cat(1) to read files containing '\0' - Michael Kerrisk - Refer to mount(2) for explanation of mount vs superblock options - Michael Kerrisk - Fix description of /proc/PID/* ownership to account for user namespaces - Elvira Khabirova - Describe ambiguities in /proc//maps - Michael Kerrisk [Nick Gregory] - Since Linux 4.5, "stack:" is no longer shown in /proc/PID/maps - Nikola Forró - Document /proc/[pid]/status Speculation_Store_Bypass field - Alan Jenkins - Vmalloc information is no longer calculated (Linux 4.4) - Michael Kerrisk [Alexander E. Patrakov, Jakub Wilk, Michael Kerrisk] - Use 'tr '\000' '\n' to display contents of /proc/PID/environ - Michael Kerrisk - Setting dumpable to 1 reverts ownership of /proc/PID/* to effective IDs - Michael Kerrisk - Document /proc/Meminfo LazyFree field - Michael Kerrisk - Fix kernel source pathname for soft-dirty documentation - Michael Kerrisk - /proc/[pid]/status VmPMD field was removed in Linux 4.15 - -resolv.conf.5 - Nikola Forró - Document no-reload (RES_NPRELOAD) option - -tzfile.5 - Paul Eggert - Sync from tzdb upstream - -capabilities.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Fix some imprecisions in discussion of namespaced file capabilities - The file UID does not come into play when creating a v3 - security.capability extended attribute. - Michael Kerrisk - Note that v3 security.attributes are transparently created/retrieved - Michael Kerrisk - Improve the discussion of when file capabilities are ignored - The text stated that the execve() capability transitions are not - performed for the same reasons that setuid and setgid mode bits - may be ignored (as described in execve(2)). But, that's not quite - correct: rather, the file capability sets are treated as empty - for the purpose of the capability transition calculations. - Michael Kerrisk - Rework bounding set as per-thread set in transformation rules - Michael Kerrisk - Substantially rework "Capabilities and execution of programs by root" - Rework for improved clarity, and also to include missing details - on the case where (1) the binary that is being executed has - capabilities attached and (2) the real user ID of the process is - not 0 (root) and (3) the effective user ID of the process is 0 - (root). - Marcus Gelderie - Add details about SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS - The description of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS is misleading about the - effects on the effective capabilities of a process during a - switch to nonzero UIDs. The effective set is cleared based on - the effective UID switching to a nonzero value, even if - SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS is set. However, with this bit set, the - effective and permitted sets are not cleared if the real and - saved set-user-ID are set to nonzero values. - Marcus Gelderie - Mention header for SECBIT constants - Mention that the named constants (SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS and others) - are available only if the linux/securebits.h user-space header - is included. - Michael Kerrisk - Add text introducing bounding set along with other capability sets - Michael Kerrisk [Allison Randal] - Update URL for location of POSIX.1e draft standard - Michael Kerrisk - CAP_SYS_CHROOT allows use of setns() to change the mount namespace - Michael Kerrisk [Pierre Chifflier] - Ambient capabilities do not trigger secure-execution mode - Michael Kerrisk - Add a subsection on per-user-namespace "set-user-ID-root" programs - Michael Kerrisk - Rework discussion of exec and UID 0, correcting a couple of details - Clarify the "Capabilities and execution of programs by root" - section, and correct a couple of details: - * If a process with rUID == 0 && eUID != 0 does an exec, - the process will nevertheless gain effective capabilities - if the file effective bit is set. - * Set-UID-root programs only confer a full set of capabilities - if the binary does not also have attached capabilities. - Michael Kerrisk - Update URL for libcap tarballs - The previous location does not seem to be getting updated. - (For example, at the time of this commit, libcap-2.26 - had been out for two months, but was not present at - http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/linux-privs. - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify which capability sets capset(2) and capget(2) apply to - capset(2) and capget(2) apply operate only on the permitted, - effective, and inheritable process capability sets. - Michael Kerrisk - Correct the description of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS - Michael Kerrisk - Add background details on capability transformations during execve(2) - Add background details on ambient and bounding set when - discussing capability transformations during execve(2). - Michael Kerrisk - Document the 'no_file_caps' kernel command-line option - -cgroup_namespaces.7 - Michael Kerrisk [Troy Engel] - Clarify the example by making an implied detail more explicit. - See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201047 - - Michael Kerrisk - Add more detail on v2 'cpu' controller and realtime threads - Explicitly note the scheduling policies that are relevant for the - v2 'cpu' controller. - -cgroups.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Document the use of 'cgroup_no_v1=named' to disable v1 named hierarchies - This feature was added in Linux 5.0. - Michael Kerrisk [Mike Weilgart] - Complete partial sentence re kernel boot options and 'nsdelegate' - https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201029 - Michael Kerrisk - Reframe the text on delegation to include more details about cgroups v1 - Michael Kerrisk [Leah Hanson] - Rework discussion of writing to cgroup.type file - In particular, it is possible to write "threaded" to a - cgroup.type file if the current type is "domain threaded". - Previously, the text had implied that this was not possible. - Michael Kerrisk [Balbir Singh, Marcus Gelderie] - Soften the discussion about delegation in cgroups v1 - Balbir pointed out that v1 delegation was not an accidental - feature. - -epoll.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Introduce the terms "interest list" and "ready list" - Michael Kerrisk - Consistently use the term "interest list" rather than "epoll set" - Michael Kerrisk - Reformat Q&A list - Michael Kerrisk - Note that edge-triggered notification wakes up only one waiter - Note a useful performance benefit of EPOLLET: ensuring that - only one of multiple waiters (in epoll_wait()) is woken - up when a file descriptor becomes ready. - Michael Kerrisk - Expand the discussion of the implications of file descriptor duplication - In particular, note that it may be difficult for an application - to know about the existence of duplicate file descriptors. - -feature_test_macros.7 - Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Westfeld] - Add more detail on why FTMs must be defined before including any header - -inotify.7 - Michael Kerrisk [Paul Millar] - Note ENOTDIR error that can occur for IN_ONLYDIR - Note ENOTDIR error that occurs when requesting a watch on a - nondirectory with IN_ONLYDIR. - -ip.7 - Bert Hubert - IP_RECVTTL error fixed - I need to get the TTL of UDP datagrams from userspace, so I set - the IP_RECVTTL socket option. And as promised by ip.7, I then get - IP_TTL messages from recvfrom. However, unlike what the manpage - promises, the TTL field gets passed as a 32 bit integer. - -man.7 - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: remove mdoc.samples(7) - -mount_namespaces.7 - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add findmnt(8) - -namespaces.7 - Michael Kerrisk - List factors that may pin a namespace into existence - Various factors may pin a namespace into existence, even when it - has no member processes. - Michael Kerrisk [Tycho Kirchner] - Briefly explain why CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed to create nonuser namespaces - Michael Kerrisk - Mention ioctl(2) in discussion of namespaces APIs - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add pam_namespace(8) - -pid_namespaces.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify the semantics for the adoption of orphaned processes - Because of setns() semantics, the parent of a process may reside - in the outer PID namespace. If that parent terminates, then the - child is adopted by the "init" in the outer PID namespace (rather - than the "init" of the PID namespace of the child). - Michael Kerrisk - Note a detail of /proc/PID/ns/pid_for_children behavior - After clone(CLONE_NEWPID), /proc/PID/ns/pid_for_children is empty - until the first child is created. Verified by experiment. - Michael Kerrisk - Note that a process can do unshare(CLONE_NEWPID) only once - (See the recent commit to the unshare(2) manual page.) - -sched.7 - Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov] - In the kernel source SCHED_OTHER is actually called SCHED_NORMAL - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add ps(1) and top(1) - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add chcpu(1), lscpu(1) - -signal.7 - Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] - Clarify that sigsuspend() and pause() suspend the calling *thread* - Helge Deller - Add signal numbers for parisc - Michael Kerrisk - Unify signal lists into a signal table that embeds standards info - Having the signals listed in three different tables reduces - readability, and would require more table splits if future - standards specify other signals. - Michael Kerrisk - Reorder the architectures in the signal number lists - x86 and ARM are the most common architectures, but currently - are in the second subfield in the signal number lists. - Instead, swap that info with subfield 1, so the most - common architectures are first in the list. - Michael Kerrisk - Place signal numbers in a separate table - The current tables of signal information are unwieldy, - as they try to cram in too much information. - Michael Kerrisk - Insert standards info into tables - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add clone(2) - -socket.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Refer reader to unix(7) for information on SO_PASSSEC - Michael Kerrisk - SEE ALSO: add address_families(7) - -socket.7 -unix.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Move text describing SO_PEERCRED from socket(7) to unix(7) - This is, AFAIK, an option specific to UNIX domain sockets, so - place it in unix(7). - -tcp.7 -udp.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Add a reference to socket(7) noting existence of further socket options - -unix.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Enhance the description of SCM_RIGHTS - The existing description is rather thin. More can be said. - Michael Kerrisk - There is a limit on the size of the file descriptor array for SCM_RIGHTS - The limit is defined in the kernel as SCM_MAX_FD (253). - Michael Kerrisk - Rework SO_PEERCRED text for greater clarity - Michael Kerrisk [Felipe Gasper] - Clarify SO_PASSCRED behavior - Michael Kerrisk - Explicitly note that SO_PASSCRED provides SCM_CREDENTIALS messages - Michael Kerrisk - If the buffer to receive SCM_RIGHTS FDs is too small, FDs are closed - Michael Kerrisk - One must send at least one byte of real data with ancillary data - Michael Kerrisk - Ancillary data forms a barrier when receiving on a stream socket - Michael Kerrisk - When sending ancillary data, only one item of each type may be sent - Michael Kerrisk - Improve wording describing socket option argument/return values - Michael Kerrisk - Clarify treatment of incoming ancillary data if 'msg_control' is NULL - Michael Kerrisk - Note behavior if buffer to receive ancillary data is too small - Michael Kerrisk - Fix a minor imprecision in description of SCM_CREDENTIALS - Michael Kerrisk - Refer reader to socket(7) for information about SO_PEEK_OFF - -user_namespaces.7 - Michael Kerrisk - Rework terminology describing ownership of nonuser namespaces - Prefer the word "owns" rather than "associated with" when - describing the relationship between user namespaces and non-user - namespaces. The existing text used a mix of the two terms, with - "associated with" being predominant, but to my ear, describing the - relationship as "ownership" is more comprehensible. - -vdso.7 - Helge Deller - Fix parisc gateway page description - -ld.so.8 - Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer, David Newall] - Document the --preload command-line option added in glibc 2.30 - Michael Kerrisk - Note delimiters for 'list' in --audit and --inhibit-rpath - Michael Kerrisk - Place OPTIONS in alphabetical order - Michael Kerrisk - LD_PRELOAD-ed objects are added to link map in left-to-right order - -zdump.8 - Paul Eggert - Sync from tzdb upstream - -zic.8 - Paul Eggert - Sync from tzdb upstream diff --git a/Changes.old b/Changes.old index e4b856189..6421c2950 100644 --- a/Changes.old +++ b/Changes.old @@ -47885,3 +47885,1300 @@ ld.so.8 Michael Kerrisk Remove unneeded mention of PATH in discussion of LD_LIBRARY_PATH This brief sentence doesn't add value to the text. + + +==================== Changes in man-pages-5.00 ==================== + +Released: 2019-03-06, Munich + + +Contributors +------------ + +The following people contributed patches/fixes or (noted in brackets +in the changelog below) reports, notes, and ideas that have been +incorporated in changes in this release: + +Adam Manzanares +Alan Jenkins +Alec Leamas +Alessandro Vesely +Alexander E. Patrakov +Allison Randal +Amir Goldstein +Anatoly Borodin +Andreas Gruenbacher +Andreas Westfeld +Andrei Vagin +Andrew Price +Anthony Iliopoulos +Antonio Chirizzi +Antonio Ospite +Arkadiusz Drabczyk +Balbir Singh +Benjamin Peterson +Bernd Petrovitsch +bert hubert +Bjarni Ingi Gislason +Burkhard Lück +Carlos O'Donell +Claudio Scordino +Daniel Borkmann +Daniel Kamil Kozar +Davidlohr Bueso +Davidlohr Bueso +David Newall +Dmitry V. Levin +Elliot Hughes +Elvira Khabirova +Emil Fihlman +Enrico Scholz +Eric Benton +Eric Sanchis +Eugene Syromiatnikov +Eugene Syromyatnikov +Felipe Gasper +Florian Weimer +Frank Theile +G. Branden Robinson +Goldwyn Rodrigues +Goldwyn Rodrigues +Göran Häggsjö +Harry Mallon +Heinrich Schuchardt +Heiko Carstens +Helge Deller +Henry Wilson +Hiroya Ito +Howard Johnson +Ian Turner +Ignat Loskutov +Ingo Schwarze +Jakub Wilk +James Weigle +Jann Horn +Jann Horn +Jason A. Donenfeld +Jeff Moyer +Jens Thoms Toerring +Joe Lawrence +Johannes Altmanninger +Johannes Liebermann +Jonny Grant +Joseph C. Sible +Joseph Sible +Josh Gao +Josh Triplett +Kees Cook +Keith Thompson +Keno Fischer +Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk +Konst Mayer +Leah Hanson +Lucas De Marchi +Lucas Werkmeister +Luka Macan +Marc-André Lureau +Marcus Gelderie +Marcus Gelderie +Marko Myllynen +Mark Schott +Matthew Bobrowski +Matthew Kilgore +Mattias Engdegård +Mauro Carvalho Chehab +Michael Becker +Michael Kerrisk +Michael Witten +Michal Hocko +Mihir Mehta +Mike Frysinger +Mike Frysinger +Mike Rapoport +Mike Weilgart +Nadav Har'El +Nick Gregory +Niklas Hambüchen +Nikola Forró +nixiaoming +Oded Elisha +Paul Eggert +Paul Millar +Philip Dumont +Pierre Chifflier +Quentin Monnet +Radostin Stoyanov +Robert O'Callahan +Robert P. J. Day +Robin Kuzmin +ruschein +Sam Varshavchik +Sean Young +Shawn Landden +Simone Piccardi +snyh +Solal Pirelli +Stan Schwertly +Stephan Knauss +Szabolcs Nagy +Thomas Posch +Tobias Klauser +Troy Engel +Tycho Andersen +Tycho Kirchner +Vince Weaver +Wang Nan +William Kucharski +Xiao Yang + +Apologies if I missed anyone! + + +New and rewritten pages +----------------------- + +s390_guarded_storage.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + New page documenting s390_guarded_storage(2) s390-specific system call + +address_families.7 + Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov] + New page that contains details of socket address families + There is too much detail in socket(2). Move most of it into + a new page instead. + +bpf-helpers.7 + Michael Kerrisk [Daniel Borkmann, Quentin Monnet] + Add new man page for eBPF helper functions + (autogenerated from kernel source files) + + +Newly documented interfaces in existing pages +--------------------------------------------- + +prctl.2 + Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk [Michael Kerrisk] + Document PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL and PR_GET_SPECULATION_CTRL + +sched_setattr.2 + Claudio Scordino [Michael Kerrisk] + Document SCHED_FLAG_DL_OVERRUN and SCHED_FLAG_RECLAIM + +socket.2 + Tobias Klauser + Document AF_XDP + Document AF_XDP added in Linux 4.18. + +inotify.7 + Henry Wilson + Document IN_MASK_CREATE + +unix.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Document SO_PASSSEC + Michael Kerrisk + Document SCM_SECURITY ancillary data + + +New and changed links +--------------------- + +reallocarray.3 + Michael Kerrisk + New link to malloc(3) + +precedence.7 + Josh Triplett + Add as a redirect to operator.7 + + +Global changes +-------------- + +Various pages + Michael Kerrisk [G. Branden Robinson] + Use '\e' rather than '\\' to get a backslash + +Various pages + Michael Kerrisk [Bjarni Ingi Gislason, G. Branden Robinson] + Use zero‐width space in appropriate locations + +Various pages + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify the distinction between "file descriptor" and "file description" + +Various pages + Mike Rapoport + Update paths for in-kernel memory management documentation files + +A few pages + Michael Kerrisk + Change references to '2.6.0-test*' series kernels to just '2.6.0' + + +Changes to individual pages +--------------------------- + +iconv.1 + Marko Myllynen + SEE ALSO: add uconv(1) + +localedef.1 + Howard Johnson + Note that -f and -c, are reversed from what you might expect + +time.1 + Michael Kerrisk [Johannes Altmanninger] + Document the -q/--quiet option + Jakub Wilk + Update bug reporting address + +bpf.2 + Tobias Klauser + Update JIT support list for Linux 4.18 + JIT support for x86-32 was during the Linux 4.18 release cycle. + Also correct the entry for MIPS (only MIPS64 is supported). + Oded Elisha + Fix bug in example + Quentin Monnet + SEE ALSO: add bpf-helpers(7) + +capget.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Remove crufty sentence suggesting use of deprecated functions + Remove crufty sentence suggesting use of deprecated capsetp(3) and + capgetp(3); the manual page for those functions has long (at least + as far back as 2007) noted that they are deprecated. + Michael Kerrisk + Remove first paragraph, which repeats details from capabilities(7) + +chroot.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Mention /proc/[pid]/root + +clock_getres.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] + CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW does not count while the system is suspended + Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] + On Linux CLOCK_MONOTONIC counts time that the system has run since boot + Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] + CLOCK_MONOTONIC does not count while the system is suspended + Michael Kerrisk + ERRORS: add EINVAL error for noncanonical clock_settime() value + +clone.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Rework discussion of threads and signals + The discussion is phrased in terms of signals sent using kill(2), + but applies equally to a signal sent by the kernel. + Jann Horn + Pending CLONE_NEWPID prevents thread creation + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify the discussion of threads and signals + And explicitly introduce the terms "process-directed" and + "thread-directed" signals. + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Add information about clone and clone2 on IA-64 + Michael Kerrisk + ERRORS: EINVAL occurs with CLONE_NEWUSER if !CONFIG_USER_NS + +connect.2 + Benjamin Peterson + Document error semantics of nonblocking UNIX domain sockets + +epoll_ctl.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Use the term "interest list" consistently + +epoll_wait.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify the behavior when epoll_wait()-ing on an empty interest list + Michael Kerrisk + Note that epoll_wait() round robins through the set of ready descriptors + +eventfd.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Move text noting that eventfd() creates a FD earlier in the page + +fanotify_init.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Add a little more detail on FAN_REPORT_TID + +fanotify_init.2 +fanotify.7 + nixiaoming [Amir Goldstein] + Document FAN_REPORT_TID + fanotify_init.2: add new flag FAN_REPORT_TID + fanotify.7: update description of member pid in + struct fanotify_event_metadata + Amir Goldstein + Document FAN_MARK_FILESYSTEM + Monitor fanotify events on the entire filesystem. + Matthew Bobrowski [Amir Goldstein] + Document FAN_OPEN_EXEC and FAN_OPEN_EXEC_PERM + +fcntl.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Actual pipe capacity may in practice be less than nominal capacity + The number of bytes that can be written to the pipe may be less + (sometimes substantially less) than the nominal capacity. + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Mention that l_sysid is not used even if present + Michael Kerrisk + Briefly explain the meaning of the 'l_sysid' field in 'struct flock' + +futex.2 + Benjamin Peterson + Make the example use C11 atomics rather than GCC builtins + +getcpu.2 + Tobias Klauser [Michael Kerrisk] + getcpu() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2) + The glibc wrapper was added in glibc 2.29, release on 1 Feb 2019. + +getgid.2 +getpid.2 +getuid.2 +pipe.2 +syscall.2 + Eugene Syromiatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] + Describe 2nd return value peculiarity + Some architectures (ab)use second return value register for + additional return value in some system calls. Let's describe this. + +getgroups.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Note that a process can drop all groups with: setgroups(0, NULL) + +getrlimit.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Note that setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU) doesn't fail + Michael Kerrisk + Resource limits are process-wide attributes shared by all threads + This was already noted in pthreads(7), but bears repeating here. + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Correct information about large limits on 32-bit architectures + +gettid.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Glibc provides a wrapper since version 2.30 + +gettimeofday.2 + Michael Kerrisk + ERRORS: add EINVAL for noncanonical 'tv' argument to settimeofday() + +gettimeofday.2 +clock_getres.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Jens Thoms Toerring] + ERRORS: EINVAL can occur if new real time is less than monotonic clock + +getxattr.2 +removexattr.2 +setxattr.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Gruenbacher, Enrico Scholz] + ERRORS: replace ENOATTR with ENODATA + See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201995 + +inotify_add_watch.2 + Paul Millar + Add IN_ONLYDIR based error + Henry Wilson + Note errors that can occur for IN_MASK_CREATE + +io_submit.2 + Adam Manzanares + Document IOCB_FLAG_IOPRIO + Jeff Moyer + Fix the description of aio_data + aio_data is not a kernel-internal field. + +madvise.2 + Michal Hocko [Niklas Hambüchen] + MADV_FREE clarify swapless behavior + +memfd_create.2 + Marc-André Lureau + Update hugetlb file-sealing support + Lucas De Marchi + Fix header for memfd_create() + Joseph C. Sible + _GNU_SOURCE is required + +mmap.2 + Elliott Hughes + Explicitly state that the fd can be closed + Jann Horn [Michal Hocko, William Kucharski] + Fix description of treatment of the hint + The current manpage reads as if the kernel will always pick a free + space close to the requested address, but that's not the case. + +mount.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Clearly distinguish per-mount-point vs per-superblock mount flags + Michael Kerrisk + MS_SILENT is ignored when changing propagation type + Michael Kerrisk + Attempts to change MS_SILENT setting during remount are silently ignored + Michael Kerrisk [Harry Mallon] + Document EROFS for read-only filesystems + See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200649 + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify that per-superblock flags are shared during remount + Michael Kerrisk + Remove crufty sentence about MS_BIND + MS_REMOUNT + Michael Kerrisk + Mention /proc/PID/mountinfo + Many people are unaware of the /proc/PID/mountinfo file. Provide + a helpful clue here. + Michael Kerrisk + Mandatory locking also now requires CONFIG_MANDATORY_FILE_LOCKING + Michael Kerrisk [Simone Piccardi] + Add MS_STRICTATIME to list of flags that can be used in remount + Michael Kerrisk + EACCES: note some reasons why a filesystem may be read-only + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add ioctl_iflags(2) + +msgctl.2 +semctl.2 +shmctl.2 + Davidlohr Bueso [Joe Lawrence, Michael Kerrisk] + Document STAT_ANY commands + +msgop.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Correct the capability description for msgsnd() EACCESS error + +nfsservctl.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Add VERSIONS section noting that this system call no longer exists + +open.2 + Lucas Werkmeister + Document ENXIO for sockets + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify a special use case of O_NONBLOCK for devices + Eugene Syromiatnikov + Mention presence of unused O_RSYNC definition + O_RSYNC is defined in on HP PA-RISC, but is not + used anyway. + Eugene Syromiatnikov + Document FASYNC usage in Linux UAPI headers + Andrew Price + Remove O_DIRECT-related quotation + Remove a section that adds no benefit to the discussion of O_DIRECT. + Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] + Clarify that O_NONBLOCK has no effect on poll/epoll/select + +perf_event_open.2 + Vince Weaver [Wang Nan] + Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT ioctl + The PERF_EVENT_IOC_PAUSE_OUTPUT ioctl was introduced in Linux 4.7. + Vince Weaver + Fix wording in multiplexing description + Vince Weaver + Clarify exclude_idle + Vince Weaver + Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_QUERY_BPF ioctl + Vince Weaver + Document the PERF_EVENT_IOC_MODIFY_ATTRIBUTES ioctl + Vince Weaver + Fix prctl behavior description + +pivot_root.2 + Elvira Khabirova + Joseph Sible [Joseph C. Sible] + Document EINVAL if root is rootfs + +pkey_alloc.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Szabolcs Nagy] + Switch to glibc prototype in SYNOPSIS + +poll.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Note that poll() and ppoll() are not affected by O_NONBLOCK + +posix_fadvise.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Describe the difference between fadvise64/fadvise64_64 + +prctl.2 + Benjamin Peterson + PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE may now be used as many times as desired + Michael Kerrisk + Add some further historical details on PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE + Michael Kerrisk [Jann Horn] + Explain the circumstances in which the parent-death signal is sent + Michael Kerrisk + Rework the PR_SET_PDEATHSIG description a little, for easier readability + Michael Kerrisk + Add additional info on PR_SET_PDEATHSIG + The signal is process directed and the siginfo_t->si_pid + filed contains the PID of the terminating parent. + Michael Kerrisk + Note libcap(3) APIs for operating on ambient capability set + (However, the libcap APIs do not yet seem to have + manual pages...) + Michael Kerrisk + Mention libcap APIs for operating on capability bounding set + +ptrace.2 + Dmitry V. Levin + Do not say that PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD may not work + Jann Horn + BUGS: ptrace() may set errno to zero + +readdir.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Fix struct old_linux_dirent in accordance with current definition + +readv.2 + Xiao Yang [Florian Weimer] + Fix wrong errno for an unknown flag + +rename.2 + Michael Kerrisk + glibc 2.28 adds library support for renameat2() + Tobias Klauser + Add feature test macro for renameat2() + The glibc wrapper for renameat2() was added in glibc 2.28 and + requires _GNU_SOURCE. + Eugene Syromiatnikov + Some additional notes regarding RENAME_WHITEOUT + Lucas Werkmeister [Michael Kerrisk] + Add kernel versions for RENAME_NOREPLACE support + Michael Kerrisk + Rework list of supported filesystems for RENAME_NOREPLACE + Tobias Klauser + renameat2() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2) + +s390_runtime_instr.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Add a note about runtime_instr.h availability + +s390_sthyi.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov [Heiko Carstens] + Some minor additions + +sched_setattr.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Add a bit more detail for SCHED_DEADLINE + +sched_setparam.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify that scheduling parameters are per-thread (not per-process) + +seccomp.2 + Michael Kerrisk + (Briefly) document SECCOMP_FILTER_FLAG_SPEC_ALLOW + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add bpfc(1) + +select.2 + Michael Kerrisk + BUGS: the use of value-result arguments is a design bug + Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] + Note that select() and pselect() are not affected by O_NONBLOCK + +select_tut.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Antonio Chirizzi] + Diagnose inet_aton() errors with simple fprintf() (not perror()) + +setgid.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify EPERM capability requirements with respect to user namespaces + +setns.2 + Michael Kerrisk + When joining a user namespace, it must be a descendant user namespace + Michael Kerrisk + Note capability requirements for changing PID namespace + Note capability requirements for changing network, IPC, or UTS namespace + Note capability requirements for changing cgroup namespace + Michael Kerrisk + Some text restructuring and reordering + +set_thread_area.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Mention related prctl() requests in SEE ALSO + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Mention that get_thread_area() is also Linux-specific + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Describe set_thread_area()/get_thread_area() on m68k/MIPS + +setuid.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify EPERM capability requirements with respect to user namespaces + +sigaction.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] + Describe obsolete usage of struct sigcontext as signal handler argument + +sigsuspend.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify that sigsuspend() suspends the calling *thread* + +socket.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Remove references to external docs + This information is all in the new address_families(7) + Michael Kerrisk + Add cross reference to address_families(7) + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Reinstate AF_VSOCK mention + Michael Kerrisk + Simplify list of address families + Remove many of the details that are in address_families(7) + Nikola Forró + Remove notes concerning AF_ALG and AF_XDP + All address families are now documented in address_families.7. + Michael Kerrisk + Remove some more obscure protocols from address family list + The list of address families in this page is still + overwhelmingly long. So let's shorten it. + The removed entries are all in address_families(7). + Michael Kerrisk + Remove a few obsolete protocols + Documentation for these remains in address_families(7) + +socketpair.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Note that AF_TIPC also supports socketpair(2) + Introduced by Linux commit v4.12-rc1~64^3~304^2~1. + +stat.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Alessandro Vesely] + ERRORS: ENOENT can occur where a path component is a dangling symlink + See https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=909789 + Benjamin Peterson + SEE ALSO: add statx(2) + +statx.2 + Tobias Klauser [Michael Kerrisk] + statx() now has a glibc wrapper; remove mention of syscall(2) + +syscall.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] + Elaborate x32 ABI specifics + snyh + Fix wrong retval register number in alpha architecture + Helge Deller + parisc needs care with syscall parameters + Michael Kerrisk + Rework table to render within 80 columns + +syscalls.2 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Change example of a thin syscall wrapper to chdir() + As truncate(3) should dispatch between truncate/truncate64, + as noted later in the page. + Eugene Syromyatnikov [Michael Kerrisk] + Update syscall table + Added: arc_gettls, arc_settls, arc_usr_cmpxchg, arch_prctl, + atomic_barrier, atomic_cmpxchg_32, bfin_spinlock, breakpoint, + clone2, cmpxchg, cmpxchg_badaddr, dma_memcpy, execv, get_tls, + getdomainname, getdtablesize, gethostname, getxgid, getxpid, + getxuid, metag_get_tls, metag_set_fpu_flags,metag_set_tls, + metag_set_global_bit, newfstatat, old_adjtimex, oldumount, + or1k_atomic, pread, pwrite, riscv_flush_icache, + sched_get_affinity, sched_set_affinity, set_tls, setaltroot, + sethae, setpgrp, spill, sram_alloc, sram_free, swapcontext, + switch_endian, sys_debug_setcontext, syscall, sysmips, timerfd, + usr26, usr32, xtensa. + + Uncommented: memory_ordering + + Renamed: ppc_rtas to rtas (__NR_rtas), ppc_swapcontext to + swapcontext (__NR_swacontext). + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Note about s390x and old_mmap + Michael Kerrisk + Add s390_guarded_storage(2) + Michael Kerrisk + Update syscall list for Linux 4.18 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Note that not all architectures return errno negated + Helge Deller + parisc Linux does not any longer emulate HP-UX + Michael Kerrisk + Comment out details of a few system calls that only ever briefly existed + +unshare.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Shawn Landden] + Same EINVAL errors as for clone(2) can also occur with unshare(2) + Tycho Andersen + Note EINVAL when unsharing pid ns twice + The kernel doesn't allow unsharing a pid NS if it has + previously been unshared. + +ustat.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Starting with version 2.28, glibc no longer provides a wrapper function + +vmsplice.2 + Andrei Vagin + Note that vmsplice can splice pages from pipe to memory + +wait.2 + Michael Kerrisk + Add some cross references to core(5) + +write.2 + Michael Kerrisk [Nadav Har'El] + RETURN VALUE: clarify details of partial write and + https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=197961 + Goldwyn Rodrigues + Add details on partial direct I/O writes + +alloca.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] + Prevent any misunderstanding about when allocated memory is released + +bsd_signal.3 + Xiao Yang + Fix the wrong version of _POSIX_C_SOURCE + +bstring.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Emil Fihlman] + Correct argument list for memmem() prototype + +cmsg.3 + Michael Kerrisk + Explain zero-initialization requirement for CMSG_NXTHDR() + Michael Kerrisk + Remove out of place mention of MSG_CTRUNC + This detail is covered in recvmsg(2), and now also in unix(7). + Michael Kerrisk + Note that CMSG_FIRSTHDR can return NULL + Michael Kerrisk + Remove unnecessary 'fdptr' intermediate variable in example code + +des_crypt.3 +encrypt.3 + Michael Kerrisk + The functions described in these pages are removed in glibc 2.28 + +dlsym.3 + Michael Kerrisk + Describe a case where a symbol value may be NULL + +errno.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Robert P. J. Day] + Mention that errno(1) is part of the 'moreutils' package + +exec.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov] + Note that SPARCC provides an execv() system call + +exit.3 + Mike Frysinger + Note wider sysexits.h availability + +ferror.3 + Elliot Hughes + Warn about closing the result of fileno() + +fnmatch.3 + Elliott Hughes + Clarify "shell wildcard pattern" + +getaddrinfo.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Eric Sanchis] + Fix off-by-one error in example client program + +getcwd.3 + Michael Kerrisk + Rework text on use of getcwd() system call + Make it clear that all of the library functions described on this + page will use the getcwd() system call if it is present. + Michael Kerrisk + Add details on the getcwd() syscall and how it used by libc functions + Michael Kerrisk + Reorder the text describing "(unreachable)" being returned by getcwd() + +getmntent.3 + Elliot Hughes + Clarify that endmntent() should be used rather than fclose() + +isatty.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk] + Most non-tty files nowadays result in the error ENOTTY + Historically, at least FIFOs and pipes yielded the error EINVAL. + +lockf.3 + Ian Turner + ERRORS: add EINTR + +malloc.3 + Michael Kerrisk + Add reference to glibc MallocInternals wiki + Michael Kerrisk + Note that calloc() detects overflow when multiplying its arguments + Michael Kerrisk + Since glibc 2.29, realloc() is exposed by defining _DEFAULT_SOURCE + Info gleaned from glilic NEWS file. + +pthread_attr_init.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Göran Häggsjö, Jakub Wilk] + Use correct printf() specifier for "size_t" in example program + +pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np.3 + Carlos O'Donell + Remove bug notes + +pthread_setname_np.3 + Jakub Wilk + Explain _np suffix + Add text to CONFORMING TO explaining that the "_np" + suffix is because these functions are non-portable. + +putenv.3 + Michael Kerrisk + Note a glibc extension: putenv("NAME") removes an environment variable + +resolver.3 + Michael Becker + Add documentation of res_nclose() + +strcmp.3 + Heinrich Schuchardt + Clarify that strcmp() is not locale aware + +strcpy.3 + Matthew Kilgore + Fix example code for strncpy, which could pass an incorrect length + Michael Kerrisk [Frank Theile] + Use "destination" consistently (instead of "target" sometimes) + +strfry.3 + Keith Thompson + Remove incorrect reference to rand(3) + +string.3 +strlen.3 +strnlen.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk] + Use 'bytes' not 'characters' + This is in line with POSIX terminology. + +system.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Jonny Grant] + Use '(char *) NULL' rather than '(char *) 0' + Michael Kerrisk + Note that system() can fail for the same reasons as fork(2) + Arkadiusz Drabczyk + Mention that 'errno' is set on error + +termios.3 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Note an XTABS alpha issue + +trunc.3 + Michael Kerrisk [Eric Benton, G. Branden Robinson] + Make the description a little clearer + Michael Kerrisk + Emphasize that the return value is a floating-point number + +xcrypt.3 + Jason A. Donenfeld + Warn folks not to use these functions + +lirc.4 + Sean Young + Fix broken link + Sean Young + Document error returns more explicitly + Sean Young + lirc.h include file is in /usr/include/linux/lirc.h + Sean Young [Alec Leamas, Mauro Carvalho Chehab] + Remove ioctls and feature bits which were never implemented + Sean Young + Unsupported ioctl() operationsalways return ENOTTY + Sean Young + LIRC_MODE_LIRCCODE has been replaced by LIRC_MODE_SCANCODE + Sean Young + Document remaining ioctl (LIRC_GET_REC_TIMEOUT) + Now all ioctls are documented. + Sean Young + Timeout reports are enabled by default + Sean Young + Some devices are send only + Sean Young + Update SEE ALSO + Sean Young + LIRC_CAN_SET_REC_DUTY_CYCLE_RANGE was never supported + No driver ever supported such a thing. + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify the description LIRC_SET_REC_TIMEOUT + +tty.4 + Michael Witten + Add `vcs(4)' and `pty(7)' to the `SEE ALSO' section + +vcs.4 + Mattias Engdegård [Michael Witten] + Fix broken example code + +core.5 + Michael Kerrisk + Add cross reference to vdso(7) where "virtual DSO" is mentioned + +filesystems.5 + Eugene Syromyatnikov + Mention sysfs(2) + +host.conf.5 + Nikola Forró + Clarify glibc versions in which spoof options were removed + +proc.5 + Michael Kerrisk [Philip Dumont] + Document /proc/[tid] + See also https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201441 + Michael Kerrisk + Add an overview section describing the groups of files under /proc + Keno Fischer [Robert O'Callahan] + Correct description of NStgid + Lucas Werkmeister + Document fdinfo format for timerfd + Stephan Knauss + Mention /proc/uptime includes time spent in suspend + Michael Kerrisk + Reword /proc/PID/fdinfo timerfd field descriptions as a hanging list + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add htop(1) and pstree(1) + fs/proc/uptime.c:uptime_proc_show() fetches time using + ktime_get_boottime which includes the time spent in suspend. + Michael Kerrisk + Document /proc/PID/status CoreDumping field + Michael Kerrisk + Mention choom(1) in discussion of /proc/[pid]/oom_score_adj + Michael Kerrisk + Add a few details on /rpoc/PID/fdinfo timerfd + Michael Kerrisk + Document /proc/meminfo KReclaimable field + Added in Linux 4.20. + Michael Kerrisk + Explain how to determine top-most mount in /proc/PID/mountinfo + Explain how to determine the top-most mount at a particular + location by inspecting /proc/PID/mountinfo. + Michael Kerrisk [Jakub Wilk] + Remove bogus suggestion to use cat(1) to read files containing '\0' + Michael Kerrisk + Refer to mount(2) for explanation of mount vs superblock options + Michael Kerrisk + Fix description of /proc/PID/* ownership to account for user namespaces + Elvira Khabirova + Describe ambiguities in /proc//maps + Michael Kerrisk [Nick Gregory] + Since Linux 4.5, "stack:" is no longer shown in /proc/PID/maps + Nikola Forró + Document /proc/[pid]/status Speculation_Store_Bypass field + Alan Jenkins + Vmalloc information is no longer calculated (Linux 4.4) + Michael Kerrisk [Alexander E. Patrakov, Jakub Wilk, Michael Kerrisk] + Use 'tr '\000' '\n' to display contents of /proc/PID/environ + Michael Kerrisk + Setting dumpable to 1 reverts ownership of /proc/PID/* to effective IDs + Michael Kerrisk + Document /proc/Meminfo LazyFree field + Michael Kerrisk + Fix kernel source pathname for soft-dirty documentation + Michael Kerrisk + /proc/[pid]/status VmPMD field was removed in Linux 4.15 + +resolv.conf.5 + Nikola Forró + Document no-reload (RES_NPRELOAD) option + +tzfile.5 + Paul Eggert + Sync from tzdb upstream + +capabilities.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Fix some imprecisions in discussion of namespaced file capabilities + The file UID does not come into play when creating a v3 + security.capability extended attribute. + Michael Kerrisk + Note that v3 security.attributes are transparently created/retrieved + Michael Kerrisk + Improve the discussion of when file capabilities are ignored + The text stated that the execve() capability transitions are not + performed for the same reasons that setuid and setgid mode bits + may be ignored (as described in execve(2)). But, that's not quite + correct: rather, the file capability sets are treated as empty + for the purpose of the capability transition calculations. + Michael Kerrisk + Rework bounding set as per-thread set in transformation rules + Michael Kerrisk + Substantially rework "Capabilities and execution of programs by root" + Rework for improved clarity, and also to include missing details + on the case where (1) the binary that is being executed has + capabilities attached and (2) the real user ID of the process is + not 0 (root) and (3) the effective user ID of the process is 0 + (root). + Marcus Gelderie + Add details about SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS + The description of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS is misleading about the + effects on the effective capabilities of a process during a + switch to nonzero UIDs. The effective set is cleared based on + the effective UID switching to a nonzero value, even if + SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS is set. However, with this bit set, the + effective and permitted sets are not cleared if the real and + saved set-user-ID are set to nonzero values. + Marcus Gelderie + Mention header for SECBIT constants + Mention that the named constants (SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS and others) + are available only if the linux/securebits.h user-space header + is included. + Michael Kerrisk + Add text introducing bounding set along with other capability sets + Michael Kerrisk [Allison Randal] + Update URL for location of POSIX.1e draft standard + Michael Kerrisk + CAP_SYS_CHROOT allows use of setns() to change the mount namespace + Michael Kerrisk [Pierre Chifflier] + Ambient capabilities do not trigger secure-execution mode + Michael Kerrisk + Add a subsection on per-user-namespace "set-user-ID-root" programs + Michael Kerrisk + Rework discussion of exec and UID 0, correcting a couple of details + Clarify the "Capabilities and execution of programs by root" + section, and correct a couple of details: + * If a process with rUID == 0 && eUID != 0 does an exec, + the process will nevertheless gain effective capabilities + if the file effective bit is set. + * Set-UID-root programs only confer a full set of capabilities + if the binary does not also have attached capabilities. + Michael Kerrisk + Update URL for libcap tarballs + The previous location does not seem to be getting updated. + (For example, at the time of this commit, libcap-2.26 + had been out for two months, but was not present at + http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/linux-privs. + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify which capability sets capset(2) and capget(2) apply to + capset(2) and capget(2) apply operate only on the permitted, + effective, and inheritable process capability sets. + Michael Kerrisk + Correct the description of SECBIT_KEEP_CAPS + Michael Kerrisk + Add background details on capability transformations during execve(2) + Add background details on ambient and bounding set when + discussing capability transformations during execve(2). + Michael Kerrisk + Document the 'no_file_caps' kernel command-line option + +cgroup_namespaces.7 + Michael Kerrisk [Troy Engel] + Clarify the example by making an implied detail more explicit. + See https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201047 + + Michael Kerrisk + Add more detail on v2 'cpu' controller and realtime threads + Explicitly note the scheduling policies that are relevant for the + v2 'cpu' controller. + +cgroups.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Document the use of 'cgroup_no_v1=named' to disable v1 named hierarchies + This feature was added in Linux 5.0. + Michael Kerrisk [Mike Weilgart] + Complete partial sentence re kernel boot options and 'nsdelegate' + https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201029 + Michael Kerrisk + Reframe the text on delegation to include more details about cgroups v1 + Michael Kerrisk [Leah Hanson] + Rework discussion of writing to cgroup.type file + In particular, it is possible to write "threaded" to a + cgroup.type file if the current type is "domain threaded". + Previously, the text had implied that this was not possible. + Michael Kerrisk [Balbir Singh, Marcus Gelderie] + Soften the discussion about delegation in cgroups v1 + Balbir pointed out that v1 delegation was not an accidental + feature. + +epoll.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Introduce the terms "interest list" and "ready list" + Michael Kerrisk + Consistently use the term "interest list" rather than "epoll set" + Michael Kerrisk + Reformat Q&A list + Michael Kerrisk + Note that edge-triggered notification wakes up only one waiter + Note a useful performance benefit of EPOLLET: ensuring that + only one of multiple waiters (in epoll_wait()) is woken + up when a file descriptor becomes ready. + Michael Kerrisk + Expand the discussion of the implications of file descriptor duplication + In particular, note that it may be difficult for an application + to know about the existence of duplicate file descriptors. + +feature_test_macros.7 + Michael Kerrisk [Andreas Westfeld] + Add more detail on why FTMs must be defined before including any header + +inotify.7 + Michael Kerrisk [Paul Millar] + Note ENOTDIR error that can occur for IN_ONLYDIR + Note ENOTDIR error that occurs when requesting a watch on a + nondirectory with IN_ONLYDIR. + +ip.7 + Bert Hubert + IP_RECVTTL error fixed + I need to get the TTL of UDP datagrams from userspace, so I set + the IP_RECVTTL socket option. And as promised by ip.7, I then get + IP_TTL messages from recvfrom. However, unlike what the manpage + promises, the TTL field gets passed as a 32 bit integer. + +man.7 + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: remove mdoc.samples(7) + +mount_namespaces.7 + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add findmnt(8) + +namespaces.7 + Michael Kerrisk + List factors that may pin a namespace into existence + Various factors may pin a namespace into existence, even when it + has no member processes. + Michael Kerrisk [Tycho Kirchner] + Briefly explain why CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed to create nonuser namespaces + Michael Kerrisk + Mention ioctl(2) in discussion of namespaces APIs + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add pam_namespace(8) + +pid_namespaces.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify the semantics for the adoption of orphaned processes + Because of setns() semantics, the parent of a process may reside + in the outer PID namespace. If that parent terminates, then the + child is adopted by the "init" in the outer PID namespace (rather + than the "init" of the PID namespace of the child). + Michael Kerrisk + Note a detail of /proc/PID/ns/pid_for_children behavior + After clone(CLONE_NEWPID), /proc/PID/ns/pid_for_children is empty + until the first child is created. Verified by experiment. + Michael Kerrisk + Note that a process can do unshare(CLONE_NEWPID) only once + (See the recent commit to the unshare(2) manual page.) + +sched.7 + Michael Kerrisk [Eugene Syromyatnikov] + In the kernel source SCHED_OTHER is actually called SCHED_NORMAL + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add ps(1) and top(1) + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add chcpu(1), lscpu(1) + +signal.7 + Michael Kerrisk [Robin Kuzmin] + Clarify that sigsuspend() and pause() suspend the calling *thread* + Helge Deller + Add signal numbers for parisc + Michael Kerrisk + Unify signal lists into a signal table that embeds standards info + Having the signals listed in three different tables reduces + readability, and would require more table splits if future + standards specify other signals. + Michael Kerrisk + Reorder the architectures in the signal number lists + x86 and ARM are the most common architectures, but currently + are in the second subfield in the signal number lists. + Instead, swap that info with subfield 1, so the most + common architectures are first in the list. + Michael Kerrisk + Place signal numbers in a separate table + The current tables of signal information are unwieldy, + as they try to cram in too much information. + Michael Kerrisk + Insert standards info into tables + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add clone(2) + +socket.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Refer reader to unix(7) for information on SO_PASSSEC + Michael Kerrisk + SEE ALSO: add address_families(7) + +socket.7 +unix.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Move text describing SO_PEERCRED from socket(7) to unix(7) + This is, AFAIK, an option specific to UNIX domain sockets, so + place it in unix(7). + +tcp.7 +udp.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Add a reference to socket(7) noting existence of further socket options + +unix.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Enhance the description of SCM_RIGHTS + The existing description is rather thin. More can be said. + Michael Kerrisk + There is a limit on the size of the file descriptor array for SCM_RIGHTS + The limit is defined in the kernel as SCM_MAX_FD (253). + Michael Kerrisk + Rework SO_PEERCRED text for greater clarity + Michael Kerrisk [Felipe Gasper] + Clarify SO_PASSCRED behavior + Michael Kerrisk + Explicitly note that SO_PASSCRED provides SCM_CREDENTIALS messages + Michael Kerrisk + If the buffer to receive SCM_RIGHTS FDs is too small, FDs are closed + Michael Kerrisk + One must send at least one byte of real data with ancillary data + Michael Kerrisk + Ancillary data forms a barrier when receiving on a stream socket + Michael Kerrisk + When sending ancillary data, only one item of each type may be sent + Michael Kerrisk + Improve wording describing socket option argument/return values + Michael Kerrisk + Clarify treatment of incoming ancillary data if 'msg_control' is NULL + Michael Kerrisk + Note behavior if buffer to receive ancillary data is too small + Michael Kerrisk + Fix a minor imprecision in description of SCM_CREDENTIALS + Michael Kerrisk + Refer reader to socket(7) for information about SO_PEEK_OFF + +user_namespaces.7 + Michael Kerrisk + Rework terminology describing ownership of nonuser namespaces + Prefer the word "owns" rather than "associated with" when + describing the relationship between user namespaces and non-user + namespaces. The existing text used a mix of the two terms, with + "associated with" being predominant, but to my ear, describing the + relationship as "ownership" is more comprehensible. + +vdso.7 + Helge Deller + Fix parisc gateway page description + +ld.so.8 + Michael Kerrisk [Florian Weimer, David Newall] + Document the --preload command-line option added in glibc 2.30 + Michael Kerrisk + Note delimiters for 'list' in --audit and --inhibit-rpath + Michael Kerrisk + Place OPTIONS in alphabetical order + Michael Kerrisk + LD_PRELOAD-ed objects are added to link map in left-to-right order + +zdump.8 + Paul Eggert + Sync from tzdb upstream + +zic.8 + Paul Eggert + Sync from tzdb upstream