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strip trailing white space

This commit is contained in:
Michael Kerrisk 2007-06-21 22:55:04 +00:00
parent a9445f5171
commit 988db66164
73 changed files with 213 additions and 213 deletions
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6
man1/intro.1
View File

@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ A session might go like
Tue Aug 6 23:50:44 CEST 2002
.BI "% " cal
August 2002
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17

2
man2/_exit.2
View File

@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ On the other hand,
does close open file descriptors, and this may cause an unknown delay,
waiting for pending output to finish.
If the delay is undesired,
it may be useful to call functions like
it may be useful to call functions like
.BR tcflush (3)
before calling
.BR _exit ().

2
man2/alloc_hugepages.2
View File

@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ and
were introduced in Linux 2.5.36 and removed again in 2.5.54.
They existed only on i386 and ia64 (when built with CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE).
In Linux 2.4.20 the syscall numbers exist,
but the calls fail with the error
but the calls fail with the error
.BR ENOSYS .
.LP
On i386 the memory management hardware knows about ordinary pages (4 KiB)

4
man2/bind.2
View File

@ -294,11 +294,11 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
if (bind(sfd, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr,
sizeof(struct sockaddr_un)) == \-1)
die("bind");
if (listen(sfd, LISTEN_BACKLOG) == \-1)
die("listen");
/* Now we can accept incoming connections one
/* Now we can accept incoming connections one
at a time using accept(2) */
peer_addr_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_un);

14
man2/cacheflush.2
View File

@ -32,10 +32,10 @@ cacheflush \- flush contents of instruction and/or data cache
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
.BR cacheflush ()
flushes the contents of the indicated cache(s) for the
flushes the contents of the indicated cache(s) for the
user addresses in the range
.I addr
to
to
.IR (addr+nbytes-1) .
.IR cache
may be one of:
@ -58,18 +58,18 @@ will indicate the error.
.SH ERRORS
.TP
.B EFAULT
Some or all of the address range
Some or all of the address range
.I addr
to
to
.I (addr+nbytes-1)
is not accessible.
.TP
.B EINVAL
.I cache
is not one of
is not one of
.BR ICACHE ,
.BR DCACHE ,
or
.BR DCACHE ,
or
.BR BCACHE .
.SH CONFORMING TO
This Linux-specific system call is only available on MIPS based systems.

4
man2/epoll_wait.2
View File

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ epoll_wait, epoll_pwait \- wait for an I/O event on an epoll file descriptor
.BI "int epoll_wait(int " epfd ", struct epoll_event *" events ,
.BI " int " maxevents ", int " timeout );
.BI "int epoll_pwait(int " epfd ", struct epoll_event *" events ,
.BI " int " maxevents ", int " timeout ,
.BI " int " maxevents ", int " timeout ,
.BI " const sigset_t *" sigmask );
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ is less than or equal to zero.
.BR epoll_pwait ()
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.19.
Glibc support for
Glibc support for
.BR epoll_pwait ()
is provided starting with version 2.6.
.SH CONFORMING TO

34
man2/execve.2
View File

@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ after a successful
.BR execve ().
If the set-user-ID bit is set on the program file pointed to by
\fIfilename\fP,
and the underlying file system is not mounted
\fIfilename\fP,
and the underlying file system is not mounted
.IR nosuid
(the
.B MS_NOSUID
@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ For the handling of capabilities during
see
.BR capabilities (7).
.IP * 4
By default, file descriptors remain open across an
By default, file descriptors remain open across an
.BR execve ().
File descriptors that are marked close-on-exec are closed
; see the description of
@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ of all record locks obtained on the underlying file by this process.
See
.BR fcntl (2)
for details.)
POSIX.1-2001 says that if file descriptors 0, 1, and 2 would
POSIX.1-2001 says that if file descriptors 0, 1, and 2 would
otherwise be closed after a successful
.BR execve (),
and the process would gain privilege because the set-user_ID or
@ -231,14 +231,14 @@ set-group_ID permission bit was set on the executed file,
then the system may open an unspecified file for each of these
file descriptors.
As a general principle, no portable program, whether privileged or not,
can assume that these three file descriptors will remain
can assume that these three file descriptors will remain
closed across an
.BR execve ().
.\" On Linux it appears that these file descriptors are
.\" always open after an execve(), and it looks like
.\" Solaris 8 and FreeBSD 6.1 are the same. -- mtk, 30 Apr 2007
.SS Interpreter scripts
An interpreter script is a text file that has execute
An interpreter script is a text file that has execute
permission enabled and whose first line is of the form:
.in +0.5i
@ -247,15 +247,15 @@ permission enabled and whose first line is of the form:
.fi
.in
The
.I interpreter
The
.I interpreter
must be a valid pathname for an
executable which is not itself a script.
If the
If the
.I filename
argument of
.BR execve ()
specifies an interpreter script, then
specifies an interpreter script, then
.I interpreter
will be invoked with the following arguments:
@ -267,9 +267,9 @@ will be invoked with the following arguments:
where
.I arg...
is the series of words pointed to by the
is the series of words pointed to by the
.I argv
argument of
argument of
.BR execve ().
For portable use,
@ -401,14 +401,14 @@ a #! executable shell script.
The semantics of the
.I optional-arg
argument of an interpreter script vary across implementations.
On Linux, the entire string following the
On Linux, the entire string following the
.I interpreter
name is passed as a single argument to the interpreter,
and this string can include white space.
However, behavior differs on some other systems.
Some systems
.\" e.g., Solaris 8
use the first white space to terminate
use the first white space to terminate
.IR optional-arg .
On some systems,
.\" e.g., FreeBSD before 6.0, but not FreeBSD 6.0 onwards
@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ and white spaces in
.I optional-arg
are used to delimit the arguments.
On Linux,
On Linux,
.I argv
and
.I envp
@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ on most other Unix systems doing this will result in an error.
.\" Some Linux versions have failed to check permissions on ELF
.\" interpreters. This is a security hole, because it allows users to
.\" open any file, such as a rewinding tape device, for reading. Some
.\" Linux versions have also had other security holes in
.\" Linux versions have also had other security holes in
.\" .BR execve (2)
.\" that could be exploited for denial of service by a suitably crafted
.\" ELF binary. There are no known problems with 2.0.34 or 2.2.15.
@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
char *newargv[] = { NULL, "hello", "world", NULL };
char *newenviron[] = { NULL };
assert(argc == 2); /* argv[1] identifies
assert(argc == 2); /* argv[1] identifies
program to exec */
newargv[0] = argv[1];

12
man2/fcntl.2
View File

@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ with
.B O_NONBLOCK
set etc.) to determine which file descriptors are available for I/O.
.sp
By selecting a real time signal (value >=
By selecting a real time signal (value >=
.BR SIGRTMIN ),
multiple I/O events may be queued using the same signal numbers.
(Queuing is dependent on available memory).
@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ are specified in POSIX.1-2001.
and
.BR F_SETLEASE
are Linux specific.
(Define the
(Define the
.BR _GNU_SOURCE
macro to obtain these definitions.)
.\" .PP
@ -978,7 +978,7 @@ will contain the (positive) process group ID.
.\" mtk, Dec 04: some limited testing on alpha and ia64 seems to
.\" indicate that ANY negative PGID value will cause F_GETOWN
.\" to misinterpret the return as an error. Some other architectures
.\" seem to have the same range check as x86.
.\" seem to have the same range check as x86.
In Linux 2.4 and earlier, there is bug that can occur
when an unprivileged process uses
@ -1006,8 +1006,8 @@ and signals will be sent to the owner.
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
.P
See also
.IR Documentation/locks.txt ,
.IR Documentation/mandatory.txt ,
and
.IR Documentation/locks.txt ,
.IR Documentation/mandatory.txt ,
and
.I Documentation/dnotify.txt
in the kernel source.

4
man2/fdatasync.2
View File

@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ On POSIX systems on which
.BR fdatasync ()
is available,
.B _POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO
is defined in
is defined in
.I <unistd.h>
to a value greater than 0.
(See also
@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ to a value greater than 0.
.\" -1: unavailable, 0: ask using sysconf().
.\" glibc defines them to 1.
.SH NOTES
In Linux 2.2 and earlier,
In Linux 2.2 and earlier,
.BR fdatasync ()
is equivalent to
.BR fsync (2),

2
man2/flock.2
View File

@ -207,5 +207,5 @@ and occurs on many other implementations.)
See also
.I Documentation/locks.txt
and
.I Documentation/mandatory.txt
.I Documentation/mandatory.txt
in the kernel source.

4
man2/getcontext.2
View File

@ -125,11 +125,11 @@ None defined.
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
The earliest incarnation of this mechanism was the
.BR setjmp (3)/ longjmp (3)
.BR setjmp (3)/ longjmp (3)
mechanism.
Since that does not define
the handling of the signal context, the next stage was the
.BR sigsetjmp (3)/ siglongjmp (3)
.BR sigsetjmp (3)/ siglongjmp (3)
pair.
The present mechanism gives much more control.
On the other hand,

2
man2/intro.2
View File

@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ passed by-value or by-pointer (for aggregates like structs).
.\" .I <sys/syscall.h>
.\" header file contains the required SYS_foo definition.
.\" Otherwise, the use of a _syscall macro is required.
.\"
.\"
.SH EXAMPLE
.sp
.nf

2
man2/ioperm.2
View File

@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ sets the port access permission bits for the calling process for
If \fIturn_on\fP is non-zero, the calling process must be privileged
.RB ( CAP_SYS_RAWIO ).
.\" FIXME is the following ("Only the first 0x3ff I/O ports can be
.\" FIXME is the following ("Only the first 0x3ff I/O ports can be
.\" specified in this manner") still true? Looking at changes in
.\" include/asm-i386/processor.h between 2.4 and 2.6 suggests
.\" that the limit is different in 2.6.

2
man2/kill.2
View File

@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ Linux allows a process to signal itself, but on Linux the call
POSIX.1-2001 requires that if a process sends a signal to itself,
and the sending thread does not have the signal blocked,
and no other thread
has it unblocked or is waiting for it in
has it unblocked or is waiting for it in
.BR sigwait (3),
at least one
unblocked signal must be delivered to the sending thread before the

2
man2/mmap.2
View File

@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ This flag is ignored.
.B MAP_FILE
Compatibility flag.
Ignored.
.\" On some systems, this was required as the opposite of
.\" On some systems, this was required as the opposite of
.\" MAP_ANONYMOUS -- mtk, 1 May 2007
.TP
.B MAP_FIXED

10
man2/mprotect.2
View File

@ -41,13 +41,13 @@ mprotect \- set protection on a region of memory
.SH DESCRIPTION
.BR mprotect ()
changes protection for the calling process's memory page(s)
containing any part of the address range in the
containing any part of the address range in the
interval [\fIaddr\fP,\fIaddr\fP+\fIlen\fP\-1].
.I addr
must be aligned to a page boundary.
If the calling process tries to access memory in a manner
that violates the protection, then the kernel generates a
that violates the protection, then the kernel generates a
.B SIGSEGV
signal for the process.
.PP
@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ char *buffer;
static void
handler(int sig, siginfo_t *si, void *unused)
{
printf("Got SIGSEGV at address: 0x%lx\\n",
printf("Got SIGSEGV at address: 0x%lx\\n",
(long) si\->si_addr);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
if (pagesize == \-1)
die("sysconf");
/* Allocate a buffer aligned on a page boundary;
/* Allocate a buffer aligned on a page boundary;
initial protection is PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE */
buffer = memalign(pagesize, 4 * pagesize);
@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
printf("Start of region: 0x%lx\\n", (long) buffer);
if (mprotect(buffer + pagesize * 2, pagesize,
if (mprotect(buffer + pagesize * 2, pagesize,
PROT_NONE) == \-1)
die("mprotect");

8
man2/open.2
View File

@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ One may have to define the
.B _GNU_SOURCE
macro to get their definitions.
.SH NOTES
Under Linux, the
Under Linux, the
.B O_NONBLOCK
flag indicates that one wants to open
but does not necessarily have the intention to read or write.
@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ permissions, but UID mapping is performed by the server upon
read and write requests.
If the file is newly created, its
.IR st_atime ,
.IR st_atime ,
.IR st_ctime ,
.I st_mtime
fields
@ -571,11 +571,11 @@ time of last modification; see
are set
to the current time, and so are the
.I st_ctime
and
and
.I st_mtime
fields of the
parent directory.
Otherwise, if the file is modified because of the
Otherwise, if the file is modified because of the
.B O_TRUNC
flag, its st_ctime and st_mtime fields are set to the current time.
.SH BUGS

4
man2/pciconfig_read.2
View File

@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ On success zero is returned.
On error, \-1 is returned and errno is set appropriately.
.TP
.BR pciconfig_iobase ()
Returns information on locations of various I/O
Returns information on locations of various I/O
regions in physical memory according to the
.I which
value.
Values for
.I which
are: IOBASE_BRIDGE_NUMBER, IOBASE_MEMORY,
are: IOBASE_BRIDGE_NUMBER, IOBASE_MEMORY,
IOBASE_IO, IOBASE_ISA_IO, IOBASE_ISA_MEM.
.SH ERRORS
.TP

2
man2/pivot_root.2
View File

@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ the same directory as \fInew_root\fP.
.IP \- 3
No other file system may be mounted on \fIput_old\fP.
.PP
See also
See also
.BR pivot_root (8)
for additional usage examples.

2
man2/ptrace.2
View File

@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ detached in this way regardless of which method was used to initiate
tracing.
(\fIaddr\fP is ignored.)
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
On success,
On success,
.BR PTRACE_PEEK*
requests return the requested data,
while other requests return zero.

2
man2/quotactl.2
View File

@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
.\" Q_SYNC
.\"
.\" Linux 2.4 has:
.\"
.\"
.\" Q_COMP_QUOTAOFF
.\" Q_COMP_QUOTAON
.\" Q_COMP_SYNC

12
man2/readv.2
View File

@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ function reads
buffers from the file associated with the file descriptor
.I fd
into the buffers described by
.IR iov
.IR iov
("scatter input").
.PP
The
@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ function writes
buffers of data described by
.I iov
to the file associated with the file descriptor
.IR fd
.IR fd
("gather output").
.PP
The pointer
.I iov
points to an array of
points to an array of
.I iovec
structures,
defined in
@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ This means that
.BR readv ()
completely fills
.IR iov [0]
before proceeding to
before proceeding to
.IR iov [1],
and so on.
(If there is insufficient data, then not all buffers pointed to by
@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ Similarly,
.BR writev ()
writes out the entire contents of
.IR iov [0]
before proceeding to
before proceeding to
.IR iov [1],
and so on.
.PP
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ analogously,
is guaranteed to read a contiguous block of data from the file,
regardless of read operations performed in other threads or processes
that have file descriptors referring to the same open file description
(see
(see
.BR open (2)).
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
On success, the

2
man2/sched_rr_get_interval.2
View File

@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ The default quantum is 0.1 seconds;
the degree to which changing the nice value affects the
quantum has varied somewhat across kernel versions.
.\" .SH BUGS
.\" As of Linux 1.3.81
.\" As of Linux 1.3.81
.\" .BR sched_rr_get_interval ()
.\" returns with error
.\" ENOSYS, because SCHED_RR has not yet been fully implemented and tested

2
man2/semop.2
View File

@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ the implementation dependent maximum value for
.BR semtimedop ()
first appeared in Linux 2.5.52,
and was subsequently backported into kernel 2.4.22.
Glibc support for
Glibc support for
.BR semtimedop ()
first appeared in version 2.3.3.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"

2
man2/sigaction.2
View File

@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ for details on manipulating signal sets.
.PP
See
.BR signal (7)
for a list of the async-signal-safe functions that can be
for a list of the async-signal-safe functions that can be
safely called inside from inside a signal handler.
.SS Undocumented
Before the introduction of

6
man2/signal.2
View File

@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ signal \- ANSI C signal handling
.sp
.BI "sighandler_t signal(int " signum ", sighandler_t " handler );
.SH DESCRIPTION
The behavior of
The behavior of
.BR signal ()
varies across Unix versions,
and has also varied historically across different versions of Linux.
@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ is invalid.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
.SH NOTES
The effects of
The effects of
.BR signal ()
in a multi-threaded process are unspecified.
.PP
@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ is set to
.PP
See
.BR signal (7)
for a list of the async-signal-safe functions that can be
for a list of the async-signal-safe functions that can be
safely called inside from inside a signal handler.
.PP
The use of

12
man2/stat.2
View File

@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ does not return the file size in the
.I st_size
field; instead the field is returned with the value 0.
.SH EXAMPLE
The following program calls
The following program calls
.BR stat (2)
and displays selected fields in the returned
.I stat
@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ structure.
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
@ -422,18 +422,18 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
printf("I\-node number: %ld\\n", (long) sb.st_ino);
printf("Mode: %lo (octal)\\n",
printf("Mode: %lo (octal)\\n",
(unsigned long) sb.st_mode);
printf("Link count: %ld\\n", (long) sb.st_nlink);
printf("Ownership: UID=%ld GID=%ld\\n",
(long) sb.st_uid, (long) sb.st_gid);
printf("Preferred I/O block size: %ld bytes\\n",
printf("Preferred I/O block size: %ld bytes\\n",
(long) sb.st_blksize);
printf("File size: %lld bytes\\n",
printf("File size: %lld bytes\\n",
(long long) sb.st_size);
printf("Blocks allocated: %lld\\n",
printf("Blocks allocated: %lld\\n",
(long long) sb.st_blocks);
printf("Last inode change: %s", ctime(&sb.st_ctime));

2
man2/swapon.2
View File

@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ The system has insufficient memory to start swapping.
.B EPERM
The caller does not have the
.B CAP_SYS_ADMIN
capability.
capability.
Alternatively, the maximum number of swap files are already in use;
see NOTES below.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"

4
man2/sysctl.2
View File

@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ main(void)
args.nlen = sizeof(name)/sizeof(name[0]);
args.oldval = osname;
args.oldlenp = &osnamelth;
osnamelth = sizeof(osname);
if (syscall(SYS__sysctl, &args) == \-1) {
perror("_sysctl");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

2
man2/syslog.2
View File

@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ Only function 3 is allowed to non-root processes.
The kernel has a cyclic buffer of length LOG_BUF_LEN
(4096, since 1.3.54: 8192, since 2.1.113: 16384; in recent kernels
the size can be set at compile time) in which messages given as argument
to the kernel function
to the kernel function
.BR printk ()
are stored
(regardless of their loglevel).

2
man2/write.2
View File

@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ write \- write to a file descriptor
.BR write ()
writes up to
.I count
bytes from the buffer pointed
bytes from the buffer pointed
.IR buf
to the file referred to by the file descriptor
.IR fd.

2
man3/backtrace.3
View File

@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ as the function result of
.BR backtrace_symbols ().
This array is
.BR malloc (3)ed
by
by
.BR backtrace_symbols (),
and must be freed by the caller.
(The strings pointed to by

10
man3/bindresvport.3
View File

@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
.\" This page was initially taken from the 4.4BSD-Lite CDROM (BSD license)
.\" with substantial updates
.\" with substantial updates
.\" Copyright (C) 2007, Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
.\"
.\" @(#)bindresvport.3n 2.2 88/08/02 4.0 RPCSRC; from 1.7 88/03/14 SMI
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ is 0 then an anonymous port in the range 600 to 1023
be chosen.
If the
.BR bind (2)
performed by
performed by
.BR bindresvport ()
is successful, then
.I sin\->sin_port
@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ can be NULL, in which case
.I sin\->sin_family
is implicitly taken to be
.BR AF_INET ,
and an anonymous port is allocated (as above).
However, in this case,
and an anonymous port is allocated (as above).
However, in this case,
.BR bindresvport ()
has no way to return the port number actually allocated.
.SH RETURN VALUE
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ In addition, the following error may occur:
.I sin
is not NULL and
.I sin\->sin_family
is not
is not
.BR AF_INET .
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR bind (2)

4
man3/bsd_signal.3
View File

@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ On modern Linux systems,
and
.BR signal (2)
are equivalent.
But on older systems,
But on older systems,
.BR signal (2)
provided unreliable signal semantics; see
.BR signal (2)
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ for details.
The use of
.B sighandler_t
is a GNU extension;
this type is only defined if
this type is only defined if
the _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro is defined.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR sigaction (2),

2
man3/clearenv.3
View File

@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ but changed its mind and scheduled these functions for some
later issue of this standard (cf. B.4.6.1).
However, POSIX.1-2001
only adds
.BR putenv (3),
.BR putenv (3),
and rejected
.BR clearenv ().
.SH NOTES

2
man3/dbopen.3
View File

@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ or
.I sync
routines.
Modifications to the database during a sequential scan will be reflected
in the scan, that is,
in the scan, that is,
records inserted behind the cursor will not be returned
while records inserted in front of the cursor will be returned.
.IP

2
man3/dlopen.3
View File

@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ gcc \-rdynamic \-o foo foo.c \-ldl
.PP
Libraries exporting
.BR _init ()
and
and
.BR _fini ()
will want to be compiled as
follows, using \fIbar.c\fP as the example name:

6
man3/euidaccess.3
View File

@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Like
.BR euidaccess ()
checks permissions and existence of the file identified by its argument
.IR pathname .
However, whereas
However, whereas
.BR access (2),
performs checks using the real user and group identifiers of the process,
.BR euidaccess ()
@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ uses the effective identifiers.
.I mode
is a mask consisting of one or more of
.BR R_OK ", " W_OK ", " X_OK " and " F_OK ,
with the same meanings as for
with the same meanings as for
.BR access (2).
.BR eaccess ()
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Some other systems have an
function.
.SH NOTES
.SS Glibc Notes
The
The
.BR eaccess ()
function was added to glibc in version 2.4.
.SH "SEE ALSO"

2
man3/exec.3
View File

@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ If the header of a file isn't recognized (the attempted
.BR execve (2)
returned
.BR ENOEXEC ),
these functions will execute the shell
these functions will execute the shell
.RI ( /bin/sh )
with the path of the file as its first argument.
(If this attempt fails, no further searching is done.)

2
man3/exit.3
View File

@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ it is not interested in the exit status, but is not waiting,
the exiting process turns into a "zombie" process
(which is nothing but a container for the single byte representing
the exit status) so that the parent can learn the exit status when
it later calls one of the
it later calls one of the
.BR wait (2)
functions.
.LP

2
man3/fputws.3
View File

@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ For a non-locking counterpart, see
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
The
.BR fputws ()
function returns a
function returns a
non-negative integer if the operation was
successful, or \-1 to indicate an error.
.SH "CONFORMING TO"

50
man3/getaddrinfo.3
View File

@ -456,12 +456,12 @@ This is the server:
.in +0.25i
.nf
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#define BUF_SIZE 500
@ -495,12 +495,12 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
}
/* getaddrinfo() returns a list of address structures.
Try each address until we successfully bind().
If socket(2) (or bind(2)) fails, we (close the socket
Try each address until we successfully bind().
If socket(2) (or bind(2)) fails, we (close the socket
and) try the next address. */
for (rp = result; rp != NULL; rp = rp\->ai_next) {
sfd = socket(rp\->ai_family, rp\->ai_socktype,
sfd = socket(rp\->ai_family, rp\->ai_socktype,
rp\->ai_protocol);
if (sfd == \-1)
continue;
@ -522,26 +522,26 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
for (;;) {
peer_addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
nread = recvfrom(sfd, buf, BUF_SIZE, 0,
nread = recvfrom(sfd, buf, BUF_SIZE, 0,
(struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr, &peer_addr_len);
if (nread == \-1)
continue; /* Ignore failed request */
char host[NI_MAXHOST], service[NI_MAXSERV];
s = getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr,
s = getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr,
peer_addr_len, host, NI_MAXHOST,
service, NI_MAXSERV, NI_NUMERICSERV);
if (s == 0)
if (s == 0)
printf("Received %ld bytes from %s:%s\\n",
(long) nread, host, service);
else
fprintf(stderr, "getnameinfo: %s\\n", gai_strerror(s));
if (sendto(sfd, buf, nread, 0,
if (sendto(sfd, buf, nread, 0,
(struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr,
peer_addr_len) != nread)
peer_addr_len) != nread)
fprintf(stderr, "Error sending response\\n");
}
}
@ -552,13 +552,13 @@ This is the client:
.in +0.25i
.nf
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#define BUF_SIZE 500
@ -593,15 +593,15 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
/* getaddrinfo() returns a list of address structures.
Try each address until we successfully connect().
If socket() (or connect()) fails, we (close the socket
If socket() (or connect()) fails, we (close the socket
and) try the next address. */
for (rp = result; rp != NULL; rp = rp\->ai_next) {
sfd = socket(rp\->ai_family, rp\->ai_socktype,
sfd = socket(rp\->ai_family, rp\->ai_socktype,
rp\->ai_protocol);
if (sfd == \-1)
continue;
if (connect(sfd, rp\->ai_addr, rp\->ai_addrlen) != \-1)
break; /* Success */
@ -615,15 +615,15 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
freeaddrinfo(result); /* No longer needed */
/* Send remaining command\-line arguments as separate
/* Send remaining command\-line arguments as separate
datagrams, and read responses from server */
for (j = 3; j < argc; j++) {
len = strlen(argv[j]) + 1;
len = strlen(argv[j]) + 1;
/* +1 for terminating null byte */
if (len + 1 > BUF_SIZE) {
fprintf(stderr,
fprintf(stderr,
"Ignoring long message in argument %d\\n", j);
continue;
}
@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
fprintf(stderr, "partial/failed write\\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
nread = read(sfd, buf, BUF_SIZE);
if (nread == \-1) {
perror("read");

2
man3/getgrnam.3
View File

@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ by subsequent calls to
or
.BR getgrnam ().
.LP
The
The
.BR getgrnam_r ()
and
.BR getgrgid_r ()

6
man3/gethostbyname.3
View File

@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ and
.BR AF_INET6 .
The host address argument is a pointer to a struct of a type depending
on the address type, for example a \fIstruct in_addr *\fP (probably
obtained via a call to
obtained via a call to
.BR inet_addr (3))
for address type AF_INET.
.PP
@ -261,10 +261,10 @@ Copying the
.I struct hostent
does not suffice, since it contains pointers; a deep copy is required.
.LP
In the original BSD implementation the
In the original BSD implementation the
.I len
argument
of
of
.BR gethostbyname ()
was an
.IR int .

2
man3/getlogin.3
View File

@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ long an array you might need to store a user name.
\fBL_cuserid\fP is declared in \fI<stdio.h>\fP.
.PP
These functions let your program identify positively the user who is
running
running
.RB ( cuserid ())
or the user who logged in this session
.RB ( getlogin ()).

2
man3/getpwnam.3
View File

@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ by subsequent calls to
or
.BR getpwuid ().
.LP
The
The
.BR getpwnam_r ()
and
.BR getpwuid_r ()

16
man3/getsubopt.3
View File

@ -38,26 +38,26 @@ getsubopt \- parse suboption arguments from a string
.BR getsubopt ()
parses the list of comma-separated suboptions provided in
.IR optionp .
(Such a suboption list is typically produced when
(Such a suboption list is typically produced when
.BR getopt (3)
is used to parse a command line;
see for example the \fI-o\fP option of
.BR mount (8).)
Each suboption may include an associated value,
which is separated from the suboption name by an equal sign.
The following is an example of the kind of string
that might be passed in
The following is an example of the kind of string
that might be passed in
.IR optionp :
.sp
.RS
.B ro,name=xyz
.RE
The
The
.I tokens
argument is a pointer to a NULL-terminated list of the tokens that
.BR getsubopt ()
will look for in
will look for in
.IR optionp .
The tokens should be distinct, null-terminated strings containing at
least one character, with no embedded equal signs or commas.
@ -162,11 +162,11 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
case RO_OPT:
readonly = 1;
break;
case RW_OPT:
readwrite = 1;
break;
case NAME_OPT:
if (value == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Missing value for "
@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
name = value;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "No match found "
"for token: /%s/\\n", value);

4
man3/getutent.3
View File

@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ In XPG2 and SVID 2 the function
.BR pututline ()
is documented to return void, and that is what it does on many systems
(AIX, HP-UX, Linux libc5).
HP-UX introduces a new function
HP-UX introduces a new function
.BR _pututline ()
with the prototype given above for
with the prototype given above for
.BR pututline ()
(also found in Linux libc5).
.LP

8
man3/iconv_open.3
View File

@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
.\"
.\" References consulted:
.\" GNU glibc-2 source code and manual
.\" OpenGroup's Single Unix specification
.\" OpenGroup's Single Unix specification
.\" http://www.UNIX-systems.org/online.html
.\"
.\" 2007-03-31 Bruno Haible, Describe the glibc/libiconv //TRANSLIT
.\" and //IGNORE extensions for 'tocode'.
.\" 2007-03-31 Bruno Haible, Describe the glibc/libiconv //TRANSLIT
.\" and //IGNORE extensions for 'tocode'.
.\"
.TH ICONV_OPEN 3 2007-03-31 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ When the string "//IGNORE" is appended to \fItocode\fP, characters that
cannot be represented in the target character set will be silently discarded.
.PP
The resulting conversion descriptor can be used with
.BR iconv (3)
.BR iconv (3)
any number of times.
It remains valid until deallocated using
.BR iconv_close (3).

6
man3/iswalpha.3
View File

@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ function.
It tests whether \fIwc\fP is a wide character
belonging to the wide-character class "alpha".
.PP
The wide-character class "alpha" is a subclass of the
wide-character class "alnum",
The wide-character class "alpha" is a subclass of the
wide-character class "alnum",
and therefore also a subclass of the wide-character class "graph" and
of the wide-character class "print".
.PP
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ the wide-character class
"alpha" is disjoint from the wide-character class "cntrl".
.PP
Being a subclass of the wide-character class "graph",
the wide-character class "alpha" is disjoint from
the wide-character class "alpha" is disjoint from
the wide-character class "space" and its subclass "blank".
.PP
Being a subclass of the wide-character class "alnum",

4
man3/iswctype.3
View File

@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ Otherwise it
returns zero.
If \fIwc\fP is WEOF, zero is returned.
.PP
\fIdesc\fP must be a character property descriptor
\fIdesc\fP must be a character property descriptor
returned by the \fBwctype\fP
function.
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
The
.BR iswctype ()
function returns non-zero if
function returns non-zero if
the \fIwc\fP has the designated
property.
Otherwise it returns 0.

14
man3/iswdigit.3
View File

@ -30,33 +30,33 @@ It tests whether \fIwc\fP is a wide character
belonging to the wide-character class "digit".
.PP
The wide-character class "digit" is a subclass of the wide-character class
"xdigit", and therefore also a subclass
"xdigit", and therefore also a subclass
of the wide-character class "alnum", of
the wide-character class "graph" and of the wide-character class "print".
.PP
Being a subclass of the wide character
Being a subclass of the wide character
class "print", the wide-character class
"digit" is disjoint from the wide-character class "cntrl".
.PP
Being a subclass of the wide-character class "graph",
Being a subclass of the wide-character class "graph",
the wide-character class
"digit" is disjoint from the wide-character class "space" and its subclass
"blank".
.PP
Being a subclass of the wide-character
Being a subclass of the wide-character
class "alnum", the wide-character class
"digit" is disjoint from the wide-character class "punct".
.PP
The wide-character class "digit" is
The wide-character class "digit" is
disjoint from the wide-character class
"alpha" and therefore also disjoint from its subclasses "lower", "upper".
.PP
The wide-character class "digit" always
The wide-character class "digit" always
contains exactly the digits '0' to '9'.
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
The
.BR iswdigit ()
function returns non-zero
function returns non-zero
if \fIwc\fP is a wide character
belonging to the wide-character class "digit".
Otherwise it returns zero.

4
man3/iswlower.3
View File

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ It tests whether \fIwc\fP is a wide character
belonging to the wide-character class "lower".
.PP
The wide-character class "lower" is a subclass of the wide-character class
"alpha", and therefore also a subclass
"alpha", and therefore also a subclass
of the wide-character class "alnum", of
the wide-character class "graph" and of the wide-character class "print".
.PP
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ the wide-character class
"lower" is disjoint from the wide-character class "cntrl".
.PP
Being a subclass of the wide-character class "graph",
the wide-character class "lower" is disjoint from the
the wide-character class "lower" is disjoint from the
wide-character class "space" and its subclass "blank".
.PP
Being a subclass of the wide-character class "alnum",

2
man3/lsearch.3
View File

@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ exists, or that more room is available.
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
.BR lfind ()
returns a pointer to a matching member of the array, or
NULL if no match is found.
NULL if no match is found.
.BR lsearch ()
returns a pointer to
a matching member of the array, or to the newly added member if no

4
man3/netlink.3
View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ netlink \- Netlink macros
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
.\" FIXME . what will glibc 2.1 use here?
.\" May 2007: glibc 2.5, things look to be unchanged -- the header file
.\" May 2007: glibc 2.5, things look to be unchanged -- the header file
.\" is still linux/netlink.h -- mtk
.B #include <asm/types.h>
.br
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Round the length of a netlink message up to align it properly.
.TP
NLMSG_LENGTH
Given the payload length,
.IR len ,
.IR len ,
this macro returns the aligned length to store in the
.B nlmsg_len
field of the

2
man3/openpty.3
View File

@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ These are BSD functions, present in libc5 and glibc2.
.\" These functions are included in libutil, hence you'll need to add
.\" .B \-lutil
.\" to your compiler command line.
.\"
.\"
In versions of glibc before 2.0.92,
.BR openpty ()
returns file descriptors for a BSD pseudo-terminal pair;

2
man3/resolver.3
View File

@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ has been called.
Print debugging messages.
.TP
.B RES_AAONLY
Accept authoritative answers only.
Accept authoritative answers only.
.BR res_send ()
continues until
it fins an authoritative answer or returns an error. [Not currently

4
man3/sigpause.3
View File

@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ architecture.
Libc4 and libc5 only know about the BSD version.
Glibc uses the BSD version if the _BSD_SOURCE feature test macro is
defined and none of _POSIX_SOURCE, _POSIX_C_SOURCE, _XOPEN_SOURCE,
defined and none of _POSIX_SOURCE, _POSIX_C_SOURCE, _XOPEN_SOURCE,
_GNU_SOURCE, or _SVID_SOURCE is defined.
The System V version is used if _XOPEN_SOURCE is defined.
.\"
.\"
.\" For the BSD version, one usually uses a zero
.\" .I sigmask
.\" to indicate that no signals are to be blocked.

2
man3/strcpy.3
View File

@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ as follows:
.nf
strncpy(buf, str, n);
if (n > 0)
if (n > 0)
buf[n - 1]= '\\0';
.fi
.in

4
man3/sysv_signal.3
View File

@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ On older Linux systems,
and
.BR signal (2)
were equivalent.
But on newer systems,
But on newer systems,
.BR signal (2)
provides reliable signal semantics; see
.BR signal (2)
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ for details.
The use of
.B sighandler_t
is a GNU extension;
this type is only defined if
this type is only defined if
the _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro is defined.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR sigaction (2),

2
man3/termios.3
View File

@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ the DISCARD character.
.B NOFLSH
Disable flushing the input and output queues when generating the
.BR SIGINT ,
.BR SIGQUIT ,
.BR SIGQUIT ,
and
.B SIGSUSP
signals.

2
man3/tsearch.3
View File

@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ doing nothing.
.BR tsearch ()
returns a pointer to a matching item in the tree, or to
the newly added item, or NULL if there was insufficient memory
to add the item.
to add the item.
.BR tfind ()
returns a pointer to the item, or
NULL if no match is found.

2
man3/wprintf.3
View File

@ -203,4 +203,4 @@ followed by
.BR fwide (3),
.BR printf (3),
.BR snprintf (3)
.\" .BR wscanf (3)
.\" .BR wscanf (3)

2
man4/initrd.4
View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
.\" If the you wish to distribute versions of this work under other
.\" conditions than the above, please contact the author(s) at the following
.\" for permission:
.\"
.\"
.\" John S. Kallal -
.\" email: <kallal@voicenet.com>
.\" mail: 518 Kerfoot Farm RD, Wilmington, DE 19803-2444, USA

4
man4/st.4
View File

@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ struct mtget {
The header file defines many values for
.BR mt_type ,
but the current driver reports only the generic types
\s-1MT_ISSCSI1\s+1 (Generic SCSI-1 tape)
\s-1MT_ISSCSI1\s+1 (Generic SCSI-1 tape)
and \s-1MT_ISSCSI2\s+1 (Generic SCSI-2 tape).
.PD 0
.IP \fBmt_resid\fP
@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ contains the current tape partition number.
.IP \fBmt_dsreg\fP
reports the drive's current settings for block size (in the low 24
bits) and density (in the high 8 bits).
These fields are defined
These fields are defined
by \s-1MT_ST_BLKSIZE_SHIFT\s+1, \s-1MT_ST_BLKSIZE_MASK\s+1,
\s-1MT_ST_DENSITY_SHIFT\s+1, and \s-1MT_ST_DENSITY_MASK\s+1.
.IP \fBmt_gstat\fP

6
man5/utmp.5
View File

@ -271,17 +271,17 @@ Note that on platforms which can run both 32-bit and 64-bit applications
must be the same in 32-bit mode as in 64-bit mode.
This is achieved by changing the type of
.I ut_session
to
to
.IR int32_t ,
and that of
.I ut_tv
to a struct with two
to a struct with two
.I int32_t
fields
.I tv_sec
and
.IR tv_usec .
(Thus, in order to fill it, first get the
(Thus, in order to fill it, first get the
time into a real \fIstruct timeval\fP,
then copy the two fields to
.IR ut_tv .)

10
man7/credentials.7
View File

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ that is assigned when the process is created using
A process can obtain its PID using
.BR getpid (2).
A PID is represented using the type
.IR pid_t
.IR pid_t
(defined in
.IR <sys/types.h> ).
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ A process's PPID is preserved across an
Each process has a session ID and a process group ID,
both represented using the type
.IR pid_t .
A process can obtain its session ID using
A process can obtain its session ID using
.BR getsid(2),
and its process group ID using
.BR getpgrp (2).
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ A process's session ID and process group ID are preserved across an
Sessions and process groups are abstractions devised to support shell
job control.
A process group (sometimes called a "job") is a collection of
A process group (sometimes called a "job") is a collection of
processes that share the same process group ID;
the shell creates a new process group for the process(es) used
to execute single command or pipeline (e.g., the two processes
@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ A child process created by
inherits copies of its parent's user and groups IDs.
During an
.BR execve (2),
a process's real user and group ID and supplementary
a process's real user and group ID and supplementary
group IDs are preserved;
the effective and saved set IDs may be changed, as described in
.BR execve (2).
@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ when determining the permissions for sending signals \(em see
.BR kill (2);
.IP *
when determining the permissions for setting
process-scheduling parameters (nice value, real time
process-scheduling parameters (nice value, real time
scheduling policy and priority, CPU affinity, I/O priority) using
.BR setpriority (2),
.BR sched_setaffinity (2),

4
man7/epoll.7
View File

@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ interface using the
.B EPOLLET
flag, the call to
.BR epoll_wait (2)
done in step
done in step
.B 5
will probably hang despite the available data still present in the file
input buffer;
@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ calls, are they combined or reported separately?
They will be combined.
.TP
.B Q8
Does an operation on a file descriptor affect the
Does an operation on a file descriptor affect the
already collected but not yet reported events?
.TP
.B A8

4
man7/inotify.7
View File

@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ the length of each
structure is thus
.IR "sizeof(inotify_event)+len" .
The behavior when the buffer given to
The behavior when the buffer given to
.BR read (2)
is too small to return information about the next event depends
is too small to return information about the next event depends
on the kernel version: in kernels before 2.6.21,
.BR read (2)
returns 0; since kernel 2.6.21,

36
man7/man-pages.7
View File

@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" 2007-05-30 created by mtk, using text from old man.7 plus
.\"
.\" 2007-05-30 created by mtk, using text from old man.7 plus
.\" rewrites and additional text.
.\"
.TH MAN-PAGES 7 2007-05-30 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ New manual pages should be marked up using the
.B groff tmac.an
package described in
.BR man (7).
This choice is mainly for consistency: the vast majority of
This choice is mainly for consistency: the vast majority of
existing Linux manual pages are marked up using these macros.
.SS Conventions for source file layout
Please limit source code line length to no more than about 75 characters
Please limit source code line length to no more than about 75 characters
wherever possible.
This helps avoid line-wrapping in some mail clients when patches are
submitted inline.
@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ However, this was never done consistently, and so was
probably worse than including no version number.
Henceforth, avoid including a version number.)
.sp
For library calls that are part of glibc or one of the
For library calls that are part of glibc or one of the
other common GNU libraries, just use
.IR "GNU C Library" ", " GNU ,
or an empty string.
@ -149,13 +149,13 @@ In cases of doubt, just write
.IR Linux ", or " GNU .
.TP
.I manual
The title of the manual (e.g., for Section 2 and 3 pages in
The title of the manual (e.g., for Section 2 and 3 pages in
the \fIman-pages\fP package, use
.IR "Linux Programmer's Manual" ).
.RE
.SS Sections within a manual page
The list below shows conventional or suggested sections.
Most manual pages should include at least the
Most manual pages should include at least the
.B highlighted
sections.
Arrange a new manual page so that sections
@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ RETURN VALUE [Normally only in Sections 2, 3]
.\" ERROR HANDLING,
ERRORS [Typically only in Sections 2, 3]
.\" May 07: Almost no current man pages have a USAGE section,,,
.\" USAGE,
..\" DIAGNOSTICS,
.\" USAGE,
..\" DIAGNOSTICS,
.\" May 07: Almost no current man pages have a SECURITY section,,,
.\" SECURITY,
ENVIRONMENT
@ -192,19 +192,19 @@ EXAMPLE
.in
.IR "Where a traditional heading would apply" ", " "please use it" ;
this kind of consistency can make the information easier to understand.
If you must, you can create your own
If you must, you can create your own
headings if they make things easier to understand (this can
be especially useful for pages in Sections 4 and 5).
However, before doing this, consider whether you could use the
traditional headings, with some subsections (\fI.SS\fP) within
those sections.
The following list elaborates on the contents of each of
The following list elaborates on the contents of each of
the above sections.
.TP 14
.B NAME
The name of this manual page.
See
See
.BR man (7)
for important details of the line(s) that should follow the
\fB.SH NAME\fI command.
@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ section.
.\" section).
.TP
.B OPTIONS
describes the command-line options accepted by a
describes the command-line options accepted by a
program and how they change its behavior.
This section should only appear for Section 1 and 8 manual pages.
.\" .TP
@ -324,8 +324,8 @@ but isn't in the current version of POSIX.1.)
(See
.BR standards (7).)
If the call is not governed by any standards but commonly
exists on other systems, note them.
If the call is not governed by any standards but commonly
exists on other systems, note them.
If the call is Linux specific, note this.
.TP
.B NOTES
@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ If you are the author a device driver and what to include
an address for reporting bugs, place this under the BUGS section.
.TP
.B SEE ALSO
lists related man pages, ordered by section number and
lists related man pages, ordered by section number and
alphabetically by name, possibly followed by
other related pages or documents.
.SS Font conventions
@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ macro).
Any reference to the subject of the current manual page
should be written with the name in bold.
If the subject is a function (i.e., this is a Section 2 or 3 page),
then the name should be followed by a pair of parentheses
then the name should be followed by a pair of parentheses
in Roman (normal) font.
For example, in the
.BR fcntl (2)
@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ Starting with release 2.59,
follows American spelling conventions;
please write all new pages and patches according to these conventions.
.SS Example Programs
Manual pages can include example programs demonstrating how to
Manual pages can include example programs demonstrating how to
use a system call or library function.
However, note the following:
.TP 3

2
man7/man.7
View File

@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ For conventions that should be employed when writing man pages
for the Linux \fIman-pages\fP package, see
.BR man-pages (7).
.SS Title line
The first command in a man page (after comment lines,
The first command in a man page (after comment lines,
that is, lines that start with \fB.\\"\fP) should be
.RS
.sp

2
man7/unix.7
View File

@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ call.
Unix domain stream sockets do not support the notion of out-of-band data.
.SH EXAMPLE
See
See
.BR bind (2).
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR recvmsg (2),

8
man8/ld.so.8
View File

@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ linker option, this step is skipped.
.B ld.so
understands the string
.I $ORIGIN
(or equivalently
(or equivalently
.IR ${ORIGIN} )
in an rpath specification (DT_RPATH or DT_RUNPATH) to mean
the directory containing the application executable.
@ -85,14 +85,14 @@ could be compiled with
.I gcc -Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN/../lib'
so that it finds an associated shared library in
.I somedir/lib
no matter where
.I somedir
no matter where
.I somedir
is located in the directory hierarchy.
This facilitates the creation of "turn-key" applications that
do not need to be installed into special directories,
but can instead be unpacked into any directory
and still find their own shared libraries.
.\" ld.so also understands $LIB, with the same meaning as $ORIGIN/lib,
.\" ld.so also understands $LIB, with the same meaning as $ORIGIN/lib,
.\" it appears.
.\"
.\" There is also $PLATFORM. This is a kind of wildcard