mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
ffix
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@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ and some other non-zero value (1-125) if something else went wrong.
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.SH ENVIRONMENT
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The variables
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.BR LANG ,
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.BR LC_ALL ,
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.BR LC_ALL ,
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.BR LC_CTYPE ,
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.BR LC_MESSAGES ,
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.BR LC_NUMERIC ,
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@ -148,10 +148,10 @@ These system calls are Linux specific.
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.SH NOTES
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The portable interface to the capability querying and setting
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functions is provided by the
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.B libcap
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.I libcap
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library and is available from here:
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.br
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.B ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/linux-privs
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.I ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/security/linux-privs
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR clone (2),
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.BR gettid (2),
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@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Connectionless sockets may
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dissolve the association by connecting to an address with the
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.I sa_family
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member of
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.B sockaddr
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.I sockaddr
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set to
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.BR AF_UNSPEC .
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.SH "RETURN VALUE"
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@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ No more free local ports or insufficient entries in the routing cache.
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For
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.B PF_INET
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see the
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.B net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
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.I net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
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sysctl in
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.BR ip (7)
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on how to increase the number of local ports.
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@ -180,7 +180,9 @@ file, and portable applications are probably wise to include it.
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The
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.I optlen
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argument of
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.BR getsockopt " and " setsockopt
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.BR getsockopt ()
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and
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.BR setsockopt ()
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is in reality an
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.I "int [*]"
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(and this is what 4.x BSD and libc4 and libc5 have).
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@ -222,11 +222,11 @@ but not
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The prototype for
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.BR settimeofday ()
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and the defines for
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.BR timercmp ,
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.BR timerisset ,
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.BR timerclear ,
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.BR timeradd ,
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.BR timersub
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.BR timercmp (),
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.BR timerisset (),
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.BR timerclear (),
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.BR timeradd (),
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.BR timersub ()
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are (since glibc 2.2.2) only available if
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.B _BSD_SOURCE
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is defined.
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@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ established sockets waiting to be accepted,
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instead of the number of incomplete connection requests.
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The maximum length of the queue for incomplete sockets
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can be set using the
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.B tcp_max_syn_backlog
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.I tcp_max_syn_backlog
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sysctl.
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When syncookies are enabled there is no logical maximum
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length and this sysctl setting is ignored.
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@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ It should be a combination (using bitwise OR) of one of the file types
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listed below and the permissions for the new node.
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The permissions are modified by the process's
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.BR umask
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.IR umask
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in the usual way: the permissions of the created node are
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.BR "(mode & ~umask)" .
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.IR "(mode & ~umask)" .
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The file type must be one of
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.BR S_IFREG ,
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@ -308,9 +308,9 @@ The argument
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specifies the permissions to use in case a new file is created.
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It is
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modified by the process's
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.BR umask
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.IR umask
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in the usual way: the permissions of the created file are
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.BR "(mode & ~umask)" .
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.IR "(mode & ~umask)" .
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Note that this mode only applies to future accesses of the
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newly created file; the
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.BR open ()
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@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ non-root processes cannot trace processes that they
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cannot send signals to or those running
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set-user-ID/set-group-ID programs, for obvious reasons.
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Alternatively, the process may already be being traced, or be
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.BR init
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.BR init (8)
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(PID 1).
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.TP
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.B ESRCH
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@ -191,11 +191,11 @@ struct sockaddr *SO_EE_OFFENDER(struct sock_extended_err *);
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.fi
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.in -0.25i
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.IP
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.B ee_errno
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.I ee_errno
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contains the
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.I errno
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number of the queued error.
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.B ee_origin
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.I ee_origin
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is the origin code of where the error originated.
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The other fields are protocol specific.
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The macro
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@ -205,11 +205,11 @@ where the error originated from given a pointer to the ancillary message.
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If this address is not known, the
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.I sa_family
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member of the
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.B sockaddr
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.I sockaddr
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contains
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.B AF_UNSPEC
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and the other fields of the
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.B sockaddr
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.I sockaddr
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are undefined.
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The payload of the packet that caused the error is passed as normal data.
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.IP
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@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ capability.
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.TP
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.B EEXIST
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A semaphore set exists for
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.B key
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.I key
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and
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.I semflg
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specified both
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@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ behaves identically to
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except that in those cases were the calling process would sleep,
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the duration of that sleep is limited by the amount of elapsed
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time specified by the
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.B timespec
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.I timespec
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structure whose address is passed in the
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.I timeout
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parameter.
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@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ and
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members.
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The maximum control buffer length the kernel can process is limited
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per socket by the
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.B net.core.optmem_max
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.I net.core.optmem_max
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sysctl; see
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.BR socket (7).
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.\" Still to be documented:
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@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ The
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.I uid
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does not match the current uid and
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.I uid
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brings process over its
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brings process over its
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.BR RLIMIT_NPROC
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resource limit.
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.TP
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@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ one, and more than once, in the process's address space.
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A successful
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.BR shmat ()
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call updates the members of the
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.B shmid_ds
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.I shmid_ds
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structure (see
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.BR shmctl (2))
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associated with the shared memory segment as follows:
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@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ for a list of the async-signal-safe functions that can be
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safely called inside from inside a signal handler.
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.PP
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The use of
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.B sighandler_t
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.I sighandler_t
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is a GNU extension.
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Various versions of libc predefine this type; libc4 and libc5 define
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.IR SignalHandler ,
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28
man2/stat.2
28
man2/stat.2
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@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ the directory, not from the effective group ID of the creating process,
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and directories created there will also get the
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.B S_ISGID
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bit set.
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For a file that does not have the group execution bit
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For a file that does not have the group execution bit
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.RB ( S_IXGRP )
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set,
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the set-group-ID bit indicates mandatory file/record locking.
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and possibly on a single system when NFS mounts are involved.)
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.LP
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POSIX does not describe the
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.BR S_IFMT ,
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.BR S_IFSOCK ,
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.BR S_IFLNK ,
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.BR S_IFREG ,
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.BR S_IFMT ,
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.BR S_IFSOCK ,
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.BR S_IFLNK ,
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.BR S_IFREG ,
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.BR S_IFBLK ,
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.BR S_IFDIR ,
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.BR S_IFCHR ,
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.BR S_IFIFO ,
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.BR S_IFDIR ,
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.BR S_IFCHR ,
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.BR S_IFIFO ,
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.BR S_ISVTX
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bits, but instead demands the use of
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the macros
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POSIX.1-1996, but both are present in POSIX.1-2001;
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the former is from SVID 4, the latter from SUSv2.
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.LP
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Unix V7 (and later systems) had
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.BR S_IREAD ,
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.BR S_IWRITE ,
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Unix V7 (and later systems) had
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.BR S_IREAD ,
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.BR S_IWRITE ,
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.BR S_IEXEC ,
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where POSIX
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prescribes the synonyms
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.BR S_IRUSR ,
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.BR S_IWUSR ,
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prescribes the synonyms
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.BR S_IRUSR ,
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.BR S_IWUSR ,
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.BR S_IXUSR .
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.SS "Other Systems"
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Values that have been (or are) in use on various systems:
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@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ struct statvfs {
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.fi
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Here the types
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.B fsblkcnt_t
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.I fsblkcnt_t
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and
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.B fsfilcnt_t
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.I fsfilcnt_t
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are defined in
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.IR <sys/types.h> .
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Both used to be
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@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ This function is not in POSIX.1-2001.
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.SH NOTES
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.SS Notes on the GNU Version
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Normally,
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.B gcc
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.B gcc (1)
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translates calls to
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.BR alloca ()
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by inlined code.
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@ -79,10 +79,9 @@ provided unreliable signal semantics; see
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for details.
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The use of
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.B sighandler_t
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.I sighandler_t
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is a GNU extension;
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this type is only defined if
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the
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this type is only defined if the
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.B _GNU_SOURCE
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feature test macro is defined.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ POSIX.1-2001.
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.\" .IR "and should be set to 0" .
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It is unclear what the source was for the constants
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.B MCLoadBySet
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and
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and
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.B MCLoadAll
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(see below).
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.SH NOTES
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@ -39,11 +39,12 @@ The
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function returns an approximation of processor time used by the program.
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.SH "RETURN VALUE"
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The value returned is the CPU time used so far as a
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.BR clock_t ;
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.IR clock_t ;
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to get the number of seconds used, divide by
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.BR CLOCKS_PER_SEC .
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If the processor time used is not available or its value cannot
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be represented, the function returns the value (clock_t)\-1.
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be represented, the function returns the value
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.BR (clock_t)\-1 .
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
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POSIX requires that CLOCKS_PER_SEC equals 1000000 independent
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@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ or
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.BR _SC_PASS_MAX .
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Glibc2 accepts
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.BR _SC_PASS_MAX
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and returns
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and returns
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.B BUFSIZ
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(e.g., 8192).
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.SH BUGS
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@ -101,10 +101,10 @@ the environment variable
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is inspected,
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next the environment variable with the same name as the category
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.RM ( LC_COLLATE ,
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.BR LC_CTYPE ,
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.BR LC_MESSAGES ,
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.BR LC_MONETARY ,
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.BR LC_NUMERIC ,
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.BR LC_CTYPE ,
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.BR LC_MESSAGES ,
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.BR LC_MONETARY ,
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.BR LC_NUMERIC ,
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.BR LC_TIME )
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and finally the environment variable
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.BR LANG .
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