mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
connect.2, listen.2, send.2, uname.2, cmsg.3, proc.5, arp.7, ddp.7, icmp.7, ip.7, raw.7, socket.7, tcp.7, udp.7: Global fix: eliminate mention of the obsolete sysctl(2) interface
Many pages still mention use of the obsolete sysctl(2) system call, or used the term "sysctls"; rewrite these mentions to instead be in terms of /proc interfaces. Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
This commit is contained in:
parent
5f06e2ff26
commit
5a2ff571fb
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@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
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.\" Modified 1998, 1999 by Andi Kleen
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.\" Modified 1998, 1999 by Andi Kleen
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.\" Modified 2004-06-23 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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.\" Modified 2004-06-23 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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.\"
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.\"
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.TH CONNECT 2 2008-08-08 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH CONNECT 2 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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.SH NAME
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connect \- initiate a connection on a socket
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connect \- initiate a connection on a socket
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -156,11 +156,10 @@ field.
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No more free local ports or insufficient entries in the routing cache.
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No more free local ports or insufficient entries in the routing cache.
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For
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For
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.B AF_INET
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.B AF_INET
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see the
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see the description of
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.I net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
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.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range
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sysctl in
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.BR ip (7)
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.BR ip (7)
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on how to increase the number of local ports.
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for information on how to increase the number of local ports.
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.TP
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.TP
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.B EALREADY
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.B EALREADY
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The socket is non-blocking and a previous connection attempt has not yet
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The socket is non-blocking and a previous connection attempt has not yet
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@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
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.\" Modified 11 May 2001 by Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
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.\" Modified 11 May 2001 by Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.TH LISTEN 2 2007-12-28 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH LISTEN 2 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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.SH NAME
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listen \- listen for connections on a socket
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listen \- listen for connections on a socket
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -141,11 +141,10 @@ Now it specifies the queue length for
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established sockets waiting to be accepted,
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established sockets waiting to be accepted,
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instead of the number of incomplete connection requests.
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instead of the number of incomplete connection requests.
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The maximum length of the queue for incomplete sockets
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The maximum length of the queue for incomplete sockets
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can be set using the
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can be set using
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.I tcp_max_syn_backlog
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.IR /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_max_syn_backlog .
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sysctl.
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When syncookies are enabled there is no logical maximum
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When syncookies are enabled there is no logical maximum
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length and this sysctl setting is ignored.
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length and this setting is ignored.
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See
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See
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.BR tcp (7)
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.BR tcp (7)
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for more information.
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for more information.
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@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
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.\" Modified Oct 2003 by aeb
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.\" Modified Oct 2003 by aeb
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.\" Modified 2004-07-01 by mtk
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.\" Modified 2004-07-01 by mtk
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.\"
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.\"
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.TH SEND 2 2008-10-06 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH SEND 2 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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.SH NAME
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send, sendto, sendmsg \- send a message on a socket
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send, sendto, sendmsg \- send a message on a socket
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -255,9 +255,9 @@ and
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.I msg_controllen
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.I msg_controllen
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members.
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members.
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The maximum control buffer length the kernel can process is limited
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The maximum control buffer length the kernel can process is limited
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per socket by the
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per socket by the value in
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.I net.core.optmem_max
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.IR /proc/sys/net/core/optmem_max ;
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sysctl; see
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see
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.BR socket (7).
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.BR socket (7).
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.\" Still to be documented:
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.\" Still to be documented:
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.\" Send file descriptors and user credentials using the
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.\" Send file descriptors and user credentials using the
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@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
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.\"
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.\"
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.\" 2007-07-05 mtk: Added details on underlying system call interfaces
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.\" 2007-07-05 mtk: Added details on underlying system call interfaces
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.\"
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.\"
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.TH UNAME 2 2008-11-19 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH UNAME 2 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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.SH NAME
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uname \- get name and information about current kernel
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uname \- get name and information about current kernel
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -119,8 +119,6 @@ idea to use any of these constants; just use sizeof(...).
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Often 257 is chosen in order to have room for an internet hostname.
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Often 257 is chosen in order to have room for an internet hostname.
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.LP
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.LP
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Part of the utsname information is also accessible via
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Part of the utsname information is also accessible via
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.BR sysctl (2)
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and via
|
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.IR /proc/sys/kernel/ { ostype ,
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.IR /proc/sys/kernel/ { ostype ,
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.IR hostname ,
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.IR hostname ,
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.IR osrelease ,
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.IR osrelease ,
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
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.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
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.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
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.\" of the modification is added to the header.
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.\" of the modification is added to the header.
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.\" $Id: cmsg.3,v 1.8 2000/12/20 18:10:31 ak Exp $
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.\" $Id: cmsg.3,v 1.8 2000/12/20 18:10:31 ak Exp $
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.TH CMSG 3 1998-10-02 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH CMSG 3 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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.SH NAME
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CMSG_ALIGN, CMSG_SPACE, CMSG_NXTHDR, CMSG_FIRSTHDR \- Access ancillary data
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CMSG_ALIGN, CMSG_SPACE, CMSG_NXTHDR, CMSG_FIRSTHDR \- Access ancillary data
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ structures with appended data.
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This sequence should only be accessed
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This sequence should only be accessed
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using the macros described in this manual page and never directly.
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using the macros described in this manual page and never directly.
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See the specific protocol man pages for the available control message types.
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See the specific protocol man pages for the available control message types.
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The maximum ancillary buffer size allowed per socket can be set using the
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The maximum ancillary buffer size allowed per socket can be set using
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.I net.core.optmem_max
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.IR /proc/sys/net/core/optmem_max ;
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sysctl; see
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see
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.BR socket (7).
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.BR socket (7).
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.PP
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.PP
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.BR CMSG_FIRSTHDR ()
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.BR CMSG_FIRSTHDR ()
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@ -1706,7 +1706,7 @@ See also
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This directory (present since 1.3.57) contains a number of files
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This directory (present since 1.3.57) contains a number of files
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and subdirectories corresponding to kernel variables.
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and subdirectories corresponding to kernel variables.
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These variables can be read and sometimes modified using
|
These variables can be read and sometimes modified using
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the \fI/proc\fP file system, and the
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the \fI/proc\fP file system, and the (deprecated)
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.BR sysctl (2)
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.BR sysctl (2)
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system call.
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system call.
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Presently, there are subdirectories
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Presently, there are subdirectories
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|
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29
man7/arp.7
29
man7/arp.7
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
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.\" of the modification is added to the header.
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.\" of the modification is added to the header.
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.\" Modified June 1999 Andi Kleen
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.\" Modified June 1999 Andi Kleen
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.\" $Id: arp.7,v 1.10 2000/04/27 19:31:38 ak Exp $
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.\" $Id: arp.7,v 1.10 2000/04/27 19:31:38 ak Exp $
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.TH ARP 7 2008-08-08 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH ARP 7 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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.SH NAME
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arp \- Linux ARP kernel module.
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arp \- Linux ARP kernel module.
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.SH DESCRIPTION
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
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@ -39,10 +39,14 @@ Entries which are marked
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as permanent are never deleted by the garbage-collector.
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as permanent are never deleted by the garbage-collector.
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The cache can
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The cache can
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be directly manipulated by the use of ioctls and its behavior can be
|
be directly manipulated by the use of ioctls and its behavior can be
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tuned by the sysctls defined below.
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tuned by the
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.I /proc
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|
interfaces described below.
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|
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When there is no positive feedback for an existing mapping after some
|
When there is no positive feedback for an existing mapping after some
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time (see the sysctls below) a neighbor cache entry is considered stale.
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time (see the
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.I /proc
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|
interfaces below) a neighbor cache entry is considered stale.
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Positive feedback can be gotten from a higher layer; for example from
|
Positive feedback can be gotten from a higher layer; for example from
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a successful TCP ACK.
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a successful TCP ACK.
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Other protocols can signal forward progress
|
Other protocols can signal forward progress
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@ -128,19 +132,18 @@ Linux 2.2 does not support proxy network ARP entries, so this
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should be set to 0xffffffff, or 0 to remove an existing proxy arp entry.
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should be set to 0xffffffff, or 0 to remove an existing proxy arp entry.
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.B ATF_USETRAILERS
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.B ATF_USETRAILERS
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is obsolete and should not be used.
|
is obsolete and should not be used.
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.SS Sysctls
|
.SS /proc interfaces
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ARP supports a sysctl interface to configure parameters on a global
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ARP supports a range of
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or per-interface basis.
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.I /proc
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||||||
The sysctls can be accessed by reading or writing the
|
interfaces to configure parameters on a global or per-interface basis.
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||||||
|
The interfaces can be accessed by reading or writing the
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.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/*/*
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.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/*/*
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||||||
files or with the
|
files.
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.BR sysctl (2)
|
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interface.
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Each interface in the system has its own directory in
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Each interface in the system has its own directory in
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/proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/.
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.IR /proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/ .
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The setting in the "default" directory is used for all newly created
|
The setting in the "default" directory is used for all newly created
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devices.
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devices.
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Unless otherwise specified time-related sysctls are specified
|
Unless otherwise specified time-related interfaces are specified
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in seconds.
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in seconds.
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.TP
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.TP
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.I anycast_delay
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.I anycast_delay
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|
@ -249,7 +252,7 @@ forwarding and proxy arp is enabled for the interface).
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|
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The
|
The
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.I neigh/*
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.I neigh/*
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sysctls did not exist before Linux 2.2.
|
interfaces did not exist before Linux 2.2.
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.SH BUGS
|
.SH BUGS
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||||||
Some timer settings are specified in jiffies, which is architecture-
|
Some timer settings are specified in jiffies, which is architecture-
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and kernel version-dependent; see
|
and kernel version-dependent; see
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|
|
23
man7/ddp.7
23
man7/ddp.7
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
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.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
|
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
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||||||
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
|
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
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||||||
.\" $Id: ddp.7,v 1.3 1999/05/13 11:33:22 freitag Exp $
|
.\" $Id: ddp.7,v 1.3 1999/05/13 11:33:22 freitag Exp $
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.TH DDP 7 2008-08-08 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH DDP 7 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
|
.SH NAME
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||||||
ddp \- Linux AppleTalk protocol implementation
|
ddp \- Linux AppleTalk protocol implementation
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||||||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
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||||||
|
@ -114,14 +114,12 @@ local broadcast address.
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.\" FIXME this doesn't make sense [johnl]
|
.\" FIXME this doesn't make sense [johnl]
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||||||
.SS "Socket Options"
|
.SS "Socket Options"
|
||||||
No protocol-specific socket options are supported.
|
No protocol-specific socket options are supported.
|
||||||
.SS Sysctls
|
.SS /proc interfaces
|
||||||
IP supports a sysctl interface to configure some global AppleTalk
|
IP supports a set of
|
||||||
parameters.
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
The sysctls can be accessed by reading or writing the
|
interfaces to configure some global AppleTalk parameters.
|
||||||
.I /proc/sys/net/atalk/*
|
The parameters can be accessed by reading or writing files in the directory
|
||||||
files or with the
|
.IR /proc/sys/net/atalk/ .
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||||||
.BR sysctl (2)
|
|
||||||
interface.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
.TP
|
||||||
.I aarp-expiry-time
|
.I aarp-expiry-time
|
||||||
The time interval (in seconds) before an AARP cache entry expires.
|
The time interval (in seconds) before an AARP cache entry expires.
|
||||||
|
@ -141,7 +139,7 @@ changed.
|
||||||
.SS Ioctls
|
.SS Ioctls
|
||||||
All ioctls described in
|
All ioctls described in
|
||||||
.BR socket (7)
|
.BR socket (7)
|
||||||
apply to ddp.
|
apply to DDP.
|
||||||
.\" FIXME Add a section about multicasting
|
.\" FIXME Add a section about multicasting
|
||||||
.SH ERRORS
|
.SH ERRORS
|
||||||
.\" FIXME document all errors. We should really fix the kernels to
|
.\" FIXME document all errors. We should really fix the kernels to
|
||||||
|
@ -218,9 +216,8 @@ The socket was unconfigured, or an unknown socket type was requested.
|
||||||
.SH VERSIONS
|
.SH VERSIONS
|
||||||
Appletalk is supported by Linux 2.0 or higher.
|
Appletalk is supported by Linux 2.0 or higher.
|
||||||
The
|
The
|
||||||
.B sysctl
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
interface is
|
interfaces exist since Linux 2.2.
|
||||||
new in Linux 2.2.
|
|
||||||
.SH NOTES
|
.SH NOTES
|
||||||
Be very careful with the
|
Be very careful with the
|
||||||
.B SO_BROADCAST
|
.B SO_BROADCAST
|
||||||
|
|
17
man7/icmp.7
17
man7/icmp.7
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
|
||||||
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
|
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
|
||||||
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
|
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
|
||||||
.\" $Id: icmp.7,v 1.6 2000/08/14 08:03:45 ak Exp $
|
.\" $Id: icmp.7,v 1.6 2000/08/14 08:03:45 ak Exp $
|
||||||
.TH ICMP 7 1999-04-27 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
.TH ICMP 7 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
||||||
.SH NAME
|
.SH NAME
|
||||||
icmp, IPPROTO_ICMP \- Linux IPv4 ICMP kernel module.
|
icmp, IPPROTO_ICMP \- Linux IPv4 ICMP kernel module.
|
||||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||||
|
@ -33,14 +33,13 @@ Linux limits the rate of ICMP error packets to each destination.
|
||||||
and
|
and
|
||||||
.B ICMP_DEST_UNREACH
|
.B ICMP_DEST_UNREACH
|
||||||
are also limited by the destination route of the incoming packets.
|
are also limited by the destination route of the incoming packets.
|
||||||
.SS Sysctls
|
.SS /proc interfaces
|
||||||
ICMP supports a sysctl interface to configure some global IP parameters.
|
ICMP supports a set of
|
||||||
The sysctls can be accessed by reading or writing the
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/*
|
interfaces to configure some global IP parameters.
|
||||||
files or with the
|
The parameters can be accessed by reading or writing files in the directory
|
||||||
.BR sysctl (2)
|
.IR /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ .
|
||||||
interface.
|
Most of these parameters are rate limitations for specific ICMP types.
|
||||||
Most of these sysctls are rate limitations for specific ICMP types.
|
|
||||||
Linux 2.2 uses a token bucket filter to limit ICMPs.
|
Linux 2.2 uses a token bucket filter to limit ICMPs.
|
||||||
.\" FIXME better description needed
|
.\" FIXME better description needed
|
||||||
The value is the timeout in jiffies until the token bucket filter is
|
The value is the timeout in jiffies until the token bucket filter is
|
||||||
|
|
30
man7/ip.7
30
man7/ip.7
|
@ -228,7 +228,8 @@ is established.
|
||||||
The processing of all incoming source routing options
|
The processing of all incoming source routing options
|
||||||
is disabled by default and can be enabled by using the
|
is disabled by default and can be enabled by using the
|
||||||
.I accept_source_route
|
.I accept_source_route
|
||||||
sysctl.
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
|
interface.
|
||||||
Other options like timestamps are still handled.
|
Other options like timestamps are still handled.
|
||||||
For datagram sockets, IP options can be only set by the local user.
|
For datagram sockets, IP options can be only set by the local user.
|
||||||
Calling
|
Calling
|
||||||
|
@ -519,8 +520,8 @@ as defined in RFC\ 1191
|
||||||
on this socket.
|
on this socket.
|
||||||
The don't fragment flag is set on all outgoing datagrams.
|
The don't fragment flag is set on all outgoing datagrams.
|
||||||
The system-wide default is controlled by the
|
The system-wide default is controlled by the
|
||||||
.I ip_no_pmtu_disc
|
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc
|
||||||
sysctl for
|
file for
|
||||||
.B SOCK_STREAM
|
.B SOCK_STREAM
|
||||||
sockets, and disabled on all others.
|
sockets, and disabled on all others.
|
||||||
For
|
For
|
||||||
|
@ -700,18 +701,17 @@ structure similar to
|
||||||
When an invalid socket option is passed,
|
When an invalid socket option is passed,
|
||||||
.B ENOPROTOOPT
|
.B ENOPROTOOPT
|
||||||
is returned.
|
is returned.
|
||||||
.SS Sysctls
|
.SS /proc interfaces
|
||||||
The IP protocol
|
The IP protocol
|
||||||
supports the sysctl interface to configure some global options.
|
supports a set of
|
||||||
The sysctls can be accessed by reading or writing the
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/*
|
interfaces to configure some global parameters.
|
||||||
files or using the
|
The parameters can be accessed by reading or writing files in the directory
|
||||||
|
.IR /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ .
|
||||||
.\" FIXME As at 2.6.12, 14 Jun 2005, the following are undocumented:
|
.\" FIXME As at 2.6.12, 14 Jun 2005, the following are undocumented:
|
||||||
.\" ip_queue_maxlen
|
.\" ip_queue_maxlen
|
||||||
.\" ip_conntrack_max
|
.\" ip_conntrack_max
|
||||||
.BR sysctl (2)
|
Interfaces described as
|
||||||
interface.
|
|
||||||
Variables described as
|
|
||||||
.I Boolean
|
.I Boolean
|
||||||
take an integer value, with a non-zero value ("true") meaning that
|
take an integer value, with a non-zero value ("true") meaning that
|
||||||
the corresponding option is enabled, and a zero value ("false")
|
the corresponding option is enabled, and a zero value ("false")
|
||||||
|
@ -818,8 +818,8 @@ bytes.
|
||||||
.I neigh/*
|
.I neigh/*
|
||||||
See
|
See
|
||||||
.BR arp (7).
|
.BR arp (7).
|
||||||
.\" FIXME Document the conf/*/* sysctls
|
.\" FIXME Document the conf/*/* interfaces
|
||||||
.\" FIXME Document the route/* sysctls
|
.\" FIXME Document the route/* interfaces
|
||||||
.\" FIXME document them all
|
.\" FIXME document them all
|
||||||
.SS Ioctls
|
.SS Ioctls
|
||||||
All ioctls described in
|
All ioctls described in
|
||||||
|
@ -952,7 +952,9 @@ is new in Linux 2.2.
|
||||||
Linux 2.0 only supported
|
Linux 2.0 only supported
|
||||||
.BR ip_mreq .
|
.BR ip_mreq .
|
||||||
.PP
|
.PP
|
||||||
The sysctls were introduced with Linux 2.2.
|
The
|
||||||
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
|
interfaces were introduced with Linux 2.2.
|
||||||
.SH NOTES
|
.SH NOTES
|
||||||
Be very careful with the
|
Be very careful with the
|
||||||
.B SO_BROADCAST
|
.B SO_BROADCAST
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
|
||||||
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
|
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
|
||||||
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
|
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
|
||||||
.\" $Id: raw.7,v 1.6 1999/06/05 10:32:08 freitag Exp $
|
.\" $Id: raw.7,v 1.6 1999/06/05 10:32:08 freitag Exp $
|
||||||
.TH RAW 7 2008-08-08 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
.TH RAW 7 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
||||||
.SH NAME
|
.SH NAME
|
||||||
raw, SOCK_RAW \- Linux IPv4 raw sockets
|
raw, SOCK_RAW \- Linux IPv4 raw sockets
|
||||||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
||||||
|
@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ When this happens the application should decrease the packet size.
|
||||||
Path MTU discovery can be also turned off using the
|
Path MTU discovery can be also turned off using the
|
||||||
.B IP_MTU_DISCOVER
|
.B IP_MTU_DISCOVER
|
||||||
socket option or the
|
socket option or the
|
||||||
.I ip_no_pmtu_disc
|
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc
|
||||||
sysctl, see
|
file, see
|
||||||
.BR ip (7)
|
.BR ip (7)
|
||||||
for details.
|
for details.
|
||||||
When turned off raw sockets will fragment outgoing packets
|
When turned off raw sockets will fragment outgoing packets
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
|
||||||
.\" Added notes on capability requirements
|
.\" Added notes on capability requirements
|
||||||
.\" A few small grammar fixes
|
.\" A few small grammar fixes
|
||||||
.\"
|
.\"
|
||||||
.TH SOCKET 7 2008-08-08 Linux "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
.TH SOCKET 7 2008-11-20 Linux "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
||||||
.SH NAME
|
.SH NAME
|
||||||
socket \- Linux socket interface
|
socket \- Linux socket interface
|
||||||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
||||||
|
@ -364,10 +364,10 @@ when it is set using
|
||||||
and this doubled value is returned by
|
and this doubled value is returned by
|
||||||
.BR getsockopt (2).
|
.BR getsockopt (2).
|
||||||
The default value is set by the
|
The default value is set by the
|
||||||
.I rmem_default
|
.I /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default
|
||||||
sysctl and the maximum allowed value is set by the
|
file, and the maximum allowed value is set by the
|
||||||
.I rmem_max
|
.I /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max
|
||||||
sysctl.
|
file.
|
||||||
The minimum (doubled) value for this option is 256.
|
The minimum (doubled) value for this option is 256.
|
||||||
.TP
|
.TP
|
||||||
.BR SO_RCVBUFFORCE " (since Linux 2.6.14)"
|
.BR SO_RCVBUFFORCE " (since Linux 2.6.14)"
|
||||||
|
@ -463,10 +463,10 @@ when it is set using
|
||||||
and this doubled value is returned by
|
and this doubled value is returned by
|
||||||
.BR getsockopt (2).
|
.BR getsockopt (2).
|
||||||
The default value is set by the
|
The default value is set by the
|
||||||
.I wmem_default
|
.I /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default
|
||||||
sysctl and the maximum allowed value is set by the
|
file and the maximum allowed value is set by the
|
||||||
.I wmem_max
|
.I /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max
|
||||||
sysctl.
|
file.
|
||||||
The minimum (doubled) value for this option is 2048.
|
The minimum (doubled) value for this option is 2048.
|
||||||
.TP
|
.TP
|
||||||
.BR SO_SNDBUFFORCE " (since Linux 2.6.14)"
|
.BR SO_SNDBUFFORCE " (since Linux 2.6.14)"
|
||||||
|
@ -544,12 +544,10 @@ may have already disappeared when the process reacts to the signal.
|
||||||
If this happens, the process should wait again because Linux
|
If this happens, the process should wait again because Linux
|
||||||
will resend the signal later.
|
will resend the signal later.
|
||||||
.\" .SS Ancillary Messages
|
.\" .SS Ancillary Messages
|
||||||
.SS Sysctls
|
.SS /proc interfaces
|
||||||
The core socket networking sysctls can be accessed using the
|
The core socket networking parameters can be accessed
|
||||||
.I /proc/sys/net/core/*
|
via files in the directory
|
||||||
files or with the
|
.IR /proc/sys/net/core/ .
|
||||||
.BR sysctl (2)
|
|
||||||
interface.
|
|
||||||
.TP
|
.TP
|
||||||
.I rmem_default
|
.I rmem_default
|
||||||
contains the default setting in bytes of the socket receive buffer.
|
contains the default setting in bytes of the socket receive buffer.
|
||||||
|
@ -678,7 +676,9 @@ The same as the
|
||||||
was introduced in Linux 2.0.30.
|
was introduced in Linux 2.0.30.
|
||||||
.B SO_PASSCRED
|
.B SO_PASSCRED
|
||||||
is new in Linux 2.2.
|
is new in Linux 2.2.
|
||||||
The sysctls are new in Linux 2.2.
|
The
|
||||||
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
|
interfaces was introduced in Linux 2.2.
|
||||||
.B SO_RCVTIMEO
|
.B SO_RCVTIMEO
|
||||||
and
|
and
|
||||||
.B SO_SNDTIMEO
|
.B SO_SNDTIMEO
|
||||||
|
@ -687,8 +687,9 @@ Earlier, timeouts were fixed to
|
||||||
a protocol-specific setting, and could not be read or written.
|
a protocol-specific setting, and could not be read or written.
|
||||||
.SH NOTES
|
.SH NOTES
|
||||||
Linux assumes that half of the send/receive buffer is used for internal
|
Linux assumes that half of the send/receive buffer is used for internal
|
||||||
kernel structures; thus the sysctls are twice what can be observed
|
kernel structures; thus the values in the corresponding
|
||||||
on the wire.
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
|
files are twice what can be observed on the wire.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Linux will only allow port re-use with the
|
Linux will only allow port re-use with the
|
||||||
.B SO_REUSEADDR
|
.B SO_REUSEADDR
|
||||||
|
|
71
man7/tcp.7
71
man7/tcp.7
|
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
|
||||||
.\" documented: tcp_mtu_probing, tcp_base_mss, and
|
.\" documented: tcp_mtu_probing, tcp_base_mss, and
|
||||||
.\" tcp_workaround_signed_windows
|
.\" tcp_workaround_signed_windows
|
||||||
.\"
|
.\"
|
||||||
.TH TCP 7 2008-08-08 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
.TH TCP 7 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
||||||
.SH NAME
|
.SH NAME
|
||||||
tcp \- TCP protocol
|
tcp \- TCP protocol
|
||||||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
||||||
|
@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ latency or bandwidth.
|
||||||
To make use of them, the send and
|
To make use of them, the send and
|
||||||
receive buffer sizes must be increased.
|
receive buffer sizes must be increased.
|
||||||
They can be set globally with the
|
They can be set globally with the
|
||||||
.I net.ipv4.tcp_wmem
|
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_wmem
|
||||||
and
|
and
|
||||||
.I net.ipv4.tcp_rmem
|
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_rmem
|
||||||
sysctl variables, or on individual sockets by using the
|
files, or on individual sockets by using the
|
||||||
.B SO_SNDBUF
|
.B SO_SNDBUF
|
||||||
and
|
and
|
||||||
.B SO_RCVBUF
|
.B SO_RCVBUF
|
||||||
|
@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ The maximum sizes for socket buffers declared via the
|
||||||
.B SO_SNDBUF
|
.B SO_SNDBUF
|
||||||
and
|
and
|
||||||
.B SO_RCVBUF
|
.B SO_RCVBUF
|
||||||
mechanisms are limited by the global
|
mechanisms are limited by the values in the
|
||||||
.I net.core.rmem_max
|
.I /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max
|
||||||
and
|
and
|
||||||
.I net.core.wmem_max
|
.I /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max
|
||||||
sysctls.
|
files.
|
||||||
Note that TCP actually allocates twice the size of
|
Note that TCP actually allocates twice the size of
|
||||||
the buffer requested in the
|
the buffer requested in the
|
||||||
.BR setsockopt (2)
|
.BR setsockopt (2)
|
||||||
|
@ -101,7 +101,9 @@ in the
|
||||||
.BR setsockopt (2)
|
.BR setsockopt (2)
|
||||||
call.
|
call.
|
||||||
TCP uses the extra space for administrative purposes and internal
|
TCP uses the extra space for administrative purposes and internal
|
||||||
kernel structures, and the sysctl variables reflect the
|
kernel structures, and the
|
||||||
|
/proc
|
||||||
|
file values reflect the
|
||||||
larger sizes compared to the actual TCP windows.
|
larger sizes compared to the actual TCP windows.
|
||||||
On individual connections, the socket buffer size must be
|
On individual connections, the socket buffer size must be
|
||||||
set prior to the
|
set prior to the
|
||||||
|
@ -161,13 +163,12 @@ apply to TCP.
|
||||||
TCP only supports point-to-point
|
TCP only supports point-to-point
|
||||||
communication; broadcasting and multicasting are not
|
communication; broadcasting and multicasting are not
|
||||||
supported.
|
supported.
|
||||||
.SS Sysctls
|
.SS /proc interfaces
|
||||||
These variables can be accessed by the
|
System-wide TCP parameter settings can be accessed by files in the directory
|
||||||
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/*
|
.IR /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ .
|
||||||
files or with the
|
In addition, most IP
|
||||||
.BR sysctl (2)
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
interface.
|
interfaces also apply to TCP; see
|
||||||
In addition, most IP sysctls also apply to TCP; see
|
|
||||||
.BR ip (7).
|
.BR ip (7).
|
||||||
Variables described as
|
Variables described as
|
||||||
.I Boolean
|
.I Boolean
|
||||||
|
@ -444,7 +445,7 @@ These parameters are used by TCP to regulate receive
|
||||||
buffer sizes.
|
buffer sizes.
|
||||||
TCP dynamically adjusts the size of the
|
TCP dynamically adjusts the size of the
|
||||||
receive buffer from the defaults listed below, in the range
|
receive buffer from the defaults listed below, in the range
|
||||||
of these sysctl variables, depending on memory available
|
of these values, depending on memory available
|
||||||
in the system.
|
in the system.
|
||||||
.RS
|
.RS
|
||||||
.TP 9
|
.TP 9
|
||||||
|
@ -606,8 +607,8 @@ TCP Reno in wired networks and throughput over wireless links.
|
||||||
This is a vector of 3 integers: [min, default, max].
|
This is a vector of 3 integers: [min, default, max].
|
||||||
These parameters are used by TCP to regulate send buffer sizes.
|
These parameters are used by TCP to regulate send buffer sizes.
|
||||||
TCP dynamically adjusts the size of the send buffer from the
|
TCP dynamically adjusts the size of the send buffer from the
|
||||||
default values listed below, in the range of these sysctl
|
default values listed below, in the range of these values,
|
||||||
variables, depending on memory available.
|
depending on memory available.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.I min
|
.I min
|
||||||
- minimum size of the send buffer used by each TCP socket.
|
- minimum size of the send buffer used by each TCP socket.
|
||||||
|
@ -629,15 +630,15 @@ defined for all protocols.
|
||||||
The default value is 16K bytes.
|
The default value is 16K bytes.
|
||||||
If larger send buffer sizes are desired, this value
|
If larger send buffer sizes are desired, this value
|
||||||
should be increased (to affect all sockets).
|
should be increased (to affect all sockets).
|
||||||
To employ large TCP windows, the sysctl variable
|
To employ large TCP windows, the
|
||||||
.I net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling
|
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_window_scaling
|
||||||
must be enabled (default).
|
must be set to a non-zero value (default).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.I max
|
.I max
|
||||||
- the maximum size of the send buffer used by
|
- the maximum size of the send buffer used by
|
||||||
each TCP socket.
|
each TCP socket.
|
||||||
This value does not override the global
|
This value does not override the value in
|
||||||
.IR net.core.wmem_max .
|
.IR /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max .
|
||||||
This is not used to limit the size of the send buffer
|
This is not used to limit the size of the send buffer
|
||||||
declared using
|
declared using
|
||||||
.B SO_SNDBUF
|
.B SO_SNDBUF
|
||||||
|
@ -715,9 +716,9 @@ portable.
|
||||||
.TP
|
.TP
|
||||||
.B TCP_LINGER2
|
.B TCP_LINGER2
|
||||||
The lifetime of orphaned FIN_WAIT2 state sockets.
|
The lifetime of orphaned FIN_WAIT2 state sockets.
|
||||||
This option can be used to override the system wide sysctl
|
This option can be used to override the system-wide setting in the file
|
||||||
.I tcp_fin_timeout
|
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_fin_timeout
|
||||||
on this socket.
|
for this socket.
|
||||||
This is not to be confused with the
|
This is not to be confused with the
|
||||||
.BR socket (7)
|
.BR socket (7)
|
||||||
level option
|
level option
|
||||||
|
@ -882,11 +883,13 @@ Support for Explicit Congestion Notification, zero-copy
|
||||||
reordering support and some SACK extensions
|
reordering support and some SACK extensions
|
||||||
(DSACK) were introduced in 2.4.
|
(DSACK) were introduced in 2.4.
|
||||||
Support for forward acknowledgement (FACK), TIME_WAIT recycling,
|
Support for forward acknowledgement (FACK), TIME_WAIT recycling,
|
||||||
per connection keepalive socket options and sysctls
|
per connection keepalive socket options and the
|
||||||
were introduced in 2.3.
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
|
interfaces were introduced in 2.3.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The default values and descriptions for the sysctl variables
|
The default values and descriptions for the
|
||||||
given above are applicable for the 2.4 kernel.
|
.I /proc
|
||||||
|
files given above are applicable for the 2.4 kernel.
|
||||||
.SH NOTES
|
.SH NOTES
|
||||||
TCP has no real out-of-band data; it has urgent data.
|
TCP has no real out-of-band data; it has urgent data.
|
||||||
In Linux this means if the other end sends newer out-of-band
|
In Linux this means if the other end sends newer out-of-band
|
||||||
|
@ -900,9 +903,8 @@ Linux uses the BSD compatible interpretation of the urgent
|
||||||
pointer field by default.
|
pointer field by default.
|
||||||
This violates RFC\ 1122, but is
|
This violates RFC\ 1122, but is
|
||||||
required for interoperability with other stacks.
|
required for interoperability with other stacks.
|
||||||
It can be changed by the
|
It can be changed via
|
||||||
.I tcp_stdurg
|
.IR /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_stdurg .
|
||||||
sysctl.
|
|
||||||
.SH BUGS
|
.SH BUGS
|
||||||
Not all errors are documented.
|
Not all errors are documented.
|
||||||
.br
|
.br
|
||||||
|
@ -925,7 +927,6 @@ IPv6 is not described.
|
||||||
.BR sendfile (2),
|
.BR sendfile (2),
|
||||||
.BR sendmsg (2),
|
.BR sendmsg (2),
|
||||||
.BR socket (2),
|
.BR socket (2),
|
||||||
.BR sysctl (2),
|
|
||||||
.BR ip (7),
|
.BR ip (7),
|
||||||
.BR socket (7)
|
.BR socket (7)
|
||||||
.sp
|
.sp
|
||||||
|
|
10
man7/udp.7
10
man7/udp.7
|
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
|
||||||
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
|
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
|
||||||
.\" $Id: udp.7,v 1.7 2000/01/22 01:55:05 freitag Exp $
|
.\" $Id: udp.7,v 1.7 2000/01/22 01:55:05 freitag Exp $
|
||||||
.\"
|
.\"
|
||||||
.TH UDP 7 2008-08-08 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
.TH UDP 7 2008-11-20 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
|
||||||
.SH NAME
|
.SH NAME
|
||||||
udp \- User Datagram Protocol for IPv4
|
udp \- User Datagram Protocol for IPv4
|
||||||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
||||||
|
@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ is not supported.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
IP options may be sent or received using the socket options described in
|
IP options may be sent or received using the socket options described in
|
||||||
.BR ip (7).
|
.BR ip (7).
|
||||||
They are only processed by the kernel when the appropriate sysctl
|
They are only processed by the kernel when the appropriate
|
||||||
|
/proc
|
||||||
|
parameter
|
||||||
is enabled (but still passed to the user even when it is turned off).
|
is enabled (but still passed to the user even when it is turned off).
|
||||||
See
|
See
|
||||||
.BR ip (7).
|
.BR ip (7).
|
||||||
|
@ -79,8 +81,8 @@ When this happens the application should decrease the packet size.
|
||||||
Path MTU discovery can be also turned off using the
|
Path MTU discovery can be also turned off using the
|
||||||
.B IP_MTU_DISCOVER
|
.B IP_MTU_DISCOVER
|
||||||
socket option or the
|
socket option or the
|
||||||
.I ip_no_pmtu_disc
|
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc
|
||||||
sysctl, see
|
file; see
|
||||||
.BR ip (7)
|
.BR ip (7)
|
||||||
for details.
|
for details.
|
||||||
When turned off UDP will fragment outgoing UDP packets
|
When turned off UDP will fragment outgoing UDP packets
|
||||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue