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process_vm_readv.2: Formatting fixes
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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@ -53,25 +53,48 @@ process_vm_readv, process_vm_writev \- read/write from/to another processes' add
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.BR process_vm_readv ()
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function reads from the memory locations described by the \fIriovcnt\fP
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buffers from \fIrvec\fP in the process identified by \fIpid\fP into
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\fIliovcnt\fP buffers described by \fIlvec\fP in the current process.
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function reads from the memory locations described by the
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.I riovcnt
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buffers from
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.I rvec
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in the process identified by
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.I pid
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into
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.I liovcnt
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buffers described by
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.I lvec
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in the current process.
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The
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.BR process_vm_writev ()
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function is the inverse of
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.BR process_vm_readv ()
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\-\- it writes into the memory locations described by \fIriovcnt\fP buffers
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from \fIrvec\fP in the process identified by \fIpid\fP into \fIliovcnt\fP
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buffers described by \fIlvec\fP in the current process.
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.BR process_vm_readv ()\(emit
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writes into the memory locations described by
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.I riovcnt
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buffers
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from
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.I rvec
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in the process identified by
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.I pid
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into
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.I liovcnt
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buffers described by
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.I lvec
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in the current process.
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The count values might be individually capped according to \fIUIO_MAXIOV\fP.
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The count values might be individually capped according to
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.BR UIO_MAXIOV .
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If the Linux kernel is capped at smaller values, the C library will take care
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of emulating the limit it exposes (if it is bigger) so the user only needs to
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care about that (what the C library defines).
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The pointers \fIlvec\fP and \fIrvec\fP point to an array of iovec structures
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defined in
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The pointers
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.I lvec
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and
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.I rvec
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point to an array of
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.I iovec
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structures, defined in
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.IR <sys/uio.h>
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as:
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@ -86,17 +109,35 @@ struct iovec {
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Buffers are processed in array order. This means that
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.BR process_vm_readv ()
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completely fills \fIlvec[0]\fP before proceeding to \fIlvec[1]\fP, and
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so on. Along those lines, \fIrvec[0]\fP is completely read before
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proceeding to \fIrvec[1]\fP and so on.
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completely fills
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.I lvec[0]
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before proceeding to
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.IR lvec[1] ,
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and
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so on.
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Along those lines,
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.I rvec[0]
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is completely read before proceeding to
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.I rvec[1]
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and so on.
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Similarly,
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.BR process_vm_writev ()
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writes out the entire contents of \fIlvec[0]\fP before proceeding to
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\fIlvec[1]\fP, and it completely fills \fIrevc[0]\fP before proceeding
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to \fIrvec[1]\fP.
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writes out the entire contents of
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.I lvec[0]
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before proceeding to
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.IR lvec[1] ,
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and it completely fills
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.I revc[0]
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before proceeding
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to
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.IR rvec[1] .
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The lengths of \fIrvec[i]\fP and \fIlvec[i]\fP do not have to be the same.
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The lengths of
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.I rvec[i]
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and
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.I lvec[i]
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do not have to be the same.
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This allows you to split a single local buffer into multiple remote buffers,
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or vice versa.
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@ -113,7 +154,9 @@ error will be returned immediately. Keep this in mind when attempting to
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extract data of unknown length (such as C strings which are NULL terminated)
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by avoiding spanning memory pages (typically 4KiB).
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The \fIflags\fP parameter is currently unused and must be set to 0.
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The
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.I flags
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parameter is currently unused and must be set to 0.
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In order to read or write from or to another process you must have
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the capability
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@ -138,41 +181,62 @@ is set appropriately.
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.SH ERRORS
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.TP
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.B EINVAL
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The sum of the \fIiov_len\fP values of either \fIlvec\fP or \fIrvec\fP
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overflows a ssize_t value.
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The sum of the
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.I iov_len
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values of either
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.I lvec
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or
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.I rvec
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overflows a
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.I ssize_t
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value.
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.TP
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.B EINVAL
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The value of the \fIflags\fP parameter is not 0.
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The value of the
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.I flags
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parameter is not 0.
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.TP
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.B EFAULT
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The memory described by \fIlvec\fP is outside your accessible address space.
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The memory described by
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.I lvec
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is outside your accessible address space.
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.TP
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.B EFAULT
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The memory described by \fIrvec\fP is outside the accessible address space
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of process \fIpid\fP.
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The memory described by
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.I rvec
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is outside the accessible address space
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of process
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.IR pid .
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.TP
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.B ENOMEM
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Out of memory.
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.TP
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.B EPERM
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.RB ( process_vm_readv ())
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You do not have permission to read from process \fIpid\fP.
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You do not have permission to read from process
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.IR pid .
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.TP
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.B EPERM
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.RB ( process_vm_writev ())
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You do not have permission to write to process \fIpid\fP.
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You do not have permission to write to process
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.IR pid .
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.TP
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.B ESRCH
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\fIpid\fP does not exist.
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.I pid
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does not exist.
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.SH VERSIONS
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These functions are available since glibc 2.15 and Linux 3.2.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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These functions are Linux extensions, not in C or POSIX.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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The following code sample demonstrates the use of process_vm_readv().
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The following code sample demonstrates the use of
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.BR process_vm_readv ().
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It reads 20 bytes at the address 0x10000 from the process with PID 10
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and writes the first 10 bytes into buf1 and the second 10 bytes into
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buf2.
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and writes the first 10 bytes into
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.I buf1
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and the second 10 bytes into
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.IR buf2 .
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.sp
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.nf
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#include <sys/uio.h>
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