mirror of https://github.com/mkerrisk/man-pages
Fix inconsistencies in order of .SH sections
This commit is contained in:
parent
2dd578fd5b
commit
2b2581ee37
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@ -111,13 +111,6 @@ is set appropriately.
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.TP
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.B ENOSYS
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The system call is not supported on this kernel.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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These calls existed only in Linux 2.5.36 through to 2.5.54.
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These calls are specific to Linux on Intel processors, and should not be
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used in programs intended to be portable.
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Indeed, the system call numbers
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are marked for reuse, so programs using these may do something random
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on a future kernel.
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.SH FILES
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.I /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages
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Number of configured hugetlb pages.
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@ -126,6 +119,13 @@ This can be read and written.
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.I /proc/meminfo
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Gives info on the number of configured hugetlb pages and on their size
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in the three variables HugePages_Total, HugePages_Free, Hugepagesize.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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These calls existed only in Linux 2.5.36 through to 2.5.54.
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These calls are specific to Linux on Intel processors, and should not be
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used in programs intended to be portable.
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Indeed, the system call numbers
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are marked for reuse, so programs using these may do something random
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on a future kernel.
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.SH NOTES
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The system calls are gone.
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Now the hugetlbfs filesystem can be used instead.
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@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ An error occurred during synchronization.
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.BR EROFS ", " EINVAL
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.I fd
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is bound to a special file which does not support synchronization.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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POSIX.1-2001.
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.SH AVAILABILITY
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On POSIX systems on which
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.BR fdatasync ()
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@ -85,8 +87,6 @@ i defined in <unistd.h> to a value greater than 0.
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.\" POSIX.1-2001: It shall be defined to -1 or 0 or 200112L.
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.\" -1: unavailable, 0: ask using sysconf().
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.\" glibc defines them to 1.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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POSIX.1-2001.
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.SH BUGS
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.\" FIXME The following is no longer true
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Currently (Linux 2.2)
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10
man2/fork.2
10
man2/fork.2
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@ -177,11 +177,6 @@ capability.
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failed to allocate the necessary kernel structures because memory is tight.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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See
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.BR pipe (2)
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and
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.BR wait (2).
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.SH NOTES
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.PP
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Under Linux,
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@ -189,6 +184,11 @@ Under Linux,
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is implemented using copy-on-write pages, so the only penalty that it incurs
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is the time and memory required to duplicate the parent's page tables,
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and to create a unique task structure for the child.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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See
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.BR pipe (2)
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and
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.BR wait (2).
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR clone (2),
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.BR execve (2),
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@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ argument is stored in the file
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.BR gethostid ()
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returns the 32-bit identifier for the current host as set by
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.BR sethostid (2).
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.SH FILES
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.I /etc/hostid
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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4.2BSD; these functions were dropped in 4.4BSD.
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SVr4 includes
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@ -66,8 +68,6 @@ POSIX.1-2001 specifies
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.BR gethostid ()
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but not
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.BR sethostid ().
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.SH FILES
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.I /etc/hostid
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR hostid (1),
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.BR gethostbyname (3)
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92
man2/intro.2
92
man2/intro.2
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@ -83,50 +83,8 @@ These macros create a function called \fIname\fP with the arguments you
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specify.
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Once you include the _syscall() in your source file,
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you call the system call by \fIname\fP.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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.sp
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.nf
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <linux/unistd.h> /* for _syscallX macros/related stuff */
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#include <linux/kernel.h> /* for struct sysinfo */
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_syscall1(int, sysinfo, struct sysinfo *, info);
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/* Note: if you copy directly from the nroff source, remember to
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REMOVE the extra backslashes in the printf statement. */
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int
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main(void)
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{
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struct sysinfo s_info;
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int error;
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error = sysinfo(&s_info);
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printf("code error = %d\\n", error);
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printf("Uptime = %lds\\nLoad: 1 min %lu / 5 min %lu / 15 min %lu\\n"
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"RAM: total %lu / free %lu / shared %lu\\n"
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"Memory in buffers = %lu\\nSwap: total %lu / free %lu\\n"
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"Number of processes = %d\\n",
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s_info.uptime, s_info.loads[0],
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s_info.loads[1], s_info.loads[2],
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s_info.totalram, s_info.freeram,
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s_info.sharedram, s_info.bufferram,
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s_info.totalswap, s_info.freeswap,
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s_info.procs);
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exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
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}
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.fi
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.SS "Sample Output"
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.nf
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code error = 0
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uptime = 502034s
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Load: 1 min 13376 / 5 min 5504 / 15 min 1152
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RAM: total 15343616 / free 827392 / shared 8237056
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Memory in buffers = 5066752
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Swap: total 27881472 / free 24698880
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Number of processes = 40
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.fi
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.SH FILES
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.I /usr/include/linux/unistd.h
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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Certain codes are used to indicate Unix variants and standards to
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which calls in the section conform.
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@ -172,8 +130,50 @@ Some architectures, notably ia64, do not provide the _syscall macros.
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On these architectures,
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.BR syscall (2)
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must be used.
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.SH FILES
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.I /usr/include/linux/unistd.h
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.SH EXAMPLE
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.sp
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.nf
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <linux/unistd.h> /* for _syscallX macros/related stuff */
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#include <linux/kernel.h> /* for struct sysinfo */
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_syscall1(int, sysinfo, struct sysinfo *, info);
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/* Note: if you copy directly from the nroff source, remember to
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REMOVE the extra backslashes in the printf statement. */
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int
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main(void)
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{
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struct sysinfo s_info;
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int error;
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error = sysinfo(&s_info);
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printf("code error = %d\\n", error);
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printf("Uptime = %lds\\nLoad: 1 min %lu / 5 min %lu / 15 min %lu\\n"
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"RAM: total %lu / free %lu / shared %lu\\n"
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"Memory in buffers = %lu\\nSwap: total %lu / free %lu\\n"
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"Number of processes = %d\\n",
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s_info.uptime, s_info.loads[0],
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s_info.loads[1], s_info.loads[2],
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s_info.totalram, s_info.freeram,
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s_info.sharedram, s_info.bufferram,
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s_info.totalswap, s_info.freeswap,
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s_info.procs);
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exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
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}
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.fi
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.SS "Sample Output"
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.nf
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code error = 0
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uptime = 502034s
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Load: 1 min 13376 / 5 min 5504 / 15 min 1152
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RAM: total 15343616 / free 827392 / shared 8237056
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Memory in buffers = 5066752
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Swap: total 27881472 / free 24698880
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Number of processes = 40
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.fi
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR syscall (2),
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.BR errno (3),
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@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ An empty buffer of
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zero can be passed into these calls to return the current size of the
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list of extended attribute names, which can be used to estimate the
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size of a buffer which is sufficiently large to hold the list of names.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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.SS Example
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The
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.I list
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of names is returned as an unordered array of null-terminated character
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@ -420,6 +420,10 @@ Attempted write into a region mapped as read-only.
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Attempted access to a portion of the buffer that does not correspond
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to the file (for example, beyond the end of the file, including the
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case where another process has truncated the file).
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
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.\" SVr4 documents additional error codes ENXIO and ENODEV.
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.\" SUSv2 documents additional error codes EMFILE and EOVERFLOW.
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.SH AVAILABILITY
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On POSIX systems on which
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.BR mmap (),
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@ -433,10 +437,6 @@ is defined in <unistd.h> to a value greater than 0. (See also
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.\" POSIX.1-2001: It shall be defined to -1 or 0 or 200112L.
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.\" -1: unavailable, 0: ask using sysconf().
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.\" glibc defines it to 1.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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SVr4, 4.4BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
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.\" SVr4 documents additional error codes ENXIO and ENODEV.
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.\" SUSv2 documents additional error codes EMFILE and EOVERFLOW.
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.SH NOTES
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It is architecture dependent whether
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.B PROT_READ
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@ -99,6 +99,27 @@ Or: addresses in the range
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.IR addr + len ]
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are invalid for the address space of the process,
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or specify one or more pages that are not mapped.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
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.\" SVr4 defines an additional error
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.\" code EAGAIN. The SVr4 error conditions don't map neatly onto Linux's.
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POSIX says that
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.BR mprotect ()
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can be used only on regions of memory obtained from
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.BR mmap (2).
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.SH NOTES
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On Linux it is always legal to call
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.BR mprotect ()
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on any address in a process' address space (except for the
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kernel vsyscall area).
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In particular it can be used
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to change existing code mappings to be writable.
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Whether
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.B PROT_EXEC
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has any effect different from
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.B PROT_READ
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is architecture and kernel version dependent.
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.SH EXAMPLE
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.nf
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#include <stdio.h>
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@ -143,26 +164,5 @@ main(void)
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exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
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}
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.fi
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
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.\" SVr4 defines an additional error
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.\" code EAGAIN. The SVr4 error conditions don't map neatly onto Linux's.
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POSIX says that
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.BR mprotect ()
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can be used only on regions of memory obtained from
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.BR mmap (2).
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.SH NOTES
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On Linux it is always legal to call
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.BR mprotect ()
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on any address in a process' address space (except for the
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kernel vsyscall area).
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In particular it can be used
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to change existing code mappings to be writable.
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Whether
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.B PROT_EXEC
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has any effect different from
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.B PROT_READ
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is architecture and kernel version dependent.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR mmap (2)
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12
man2/msync.2
12
man2/msync.2
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@ -88,6 +88,12 @@ MS_SYNC and MS_ASYNC are set in
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.TP
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.B ENOMEM
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The indicated memory (or part of it) was not mapped.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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POSIX.1-2001.
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This call was introduced in Linux 1.3.21, and then used EFAULT instead of
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ENOMEM.
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In Linux 2.4.19 this was changed to the POSIX value ENOMEM.
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.SH AVAILABILITY
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On POSIX systems on which
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.BR msync ()
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@ -101,12 +107,6 @@ are defined in <unistd.h> to a value greater than 0.
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.\" POSIX.1-2001: It shall be defined to -1 or 0 or 200112L.
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.\" -1: unavailable, 0: ask using sysconf().
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.\" glibc defines them to 1.
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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POSIX.1-2001.
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This call was introduced in Linux 1.3.21, and then used EFAULT instead of
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ENOMEM.
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In Linux 2.4.19 this was changed to the POSIX value ENOMEM.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR mmap (2)
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.br
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|
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@ -322,6 +322,55 @@ Although perhaps not intended, under Linux a traced child can be
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detached in this way regardless of which method was used to initiate
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tracing.
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(\fIaddr\fP is ignored.)
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.SH "RETURN VALUE"
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On success, PTRACE_PEEK* requests return the requested data,
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while other requests return zero.
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On error, all requests return \-1, and
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.I errno
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is set appropriately.
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Since the value returned by a successful PTRACE_PEEK*
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request may be \-1, the caller must check
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.I errno
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after such requests to determine whether or not an error occurred.
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.SH ERRORS
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.TP
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.B EBUSY
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(i386 only) There was an error with allocating or freeing a debug
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register.
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.TP
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.B EFAULT
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There was an attempt to read from or write to an invalid area in
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the parent's or child's memory,
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probably because the area wasn't mapped or accessible.
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Unfortunately, under Linux, different variations of this fault
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will return EIO or EFAULT more or less arbitrarily.
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.TP
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.B EINVAL
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An attempt was made to set an invalid option.
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.TP
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.B EIO
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\fIrequest\fP is invalid, or an attempt was made to read from or
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write to an invalid area in the parent's or child's memory,
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or there was a word-alignment violation,
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or an invalid signal was specified during a restart request.
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.TP
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.B EPERM
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The specified process cannot be traced.
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This could be because the
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parent has insufficient privileges (the required capability is
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.BR CAP_SYS_PTRACE );
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non-root processes cannot trace processes that they
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cannot send signals to or those running
|
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set-user-ID/set-group-ID programs, for obvious reasons.
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Alternatively, the process may already be being traced, or be
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.BR init
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(PID 1).
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.TP
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.B ESRCH
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The specified process does not exist, or is not currently being traced
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by the caller, or is not stopped (for requests that require that).
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
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SVr4, 4.3BSD
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.SH NOTES
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Although arguments to
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.BR ptrace ()
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|
@ -376,55 +425,6 @@ The proc-based debugging interface
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present in Solaris 2 implements a superset of
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.BR ptrace ()
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functionality in a more powerful and uniform way.
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.SH "RETURN VALUE"
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On success, PTRACE_PEEK* requests return the requested data,
|
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while other requests return zero.
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On error, all requests return \-1, and
|
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.I errno
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is set appropriately.
|
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Since the value returned by a successful PTRACE_PEEK*
|
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request may be \-1, the caller must check
|
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.I errno
|
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after such requests to determine whether or not an error occurred.
|
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.SH ERRORS
|
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.TP
|
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.B EBUSY
|
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(i386 only) There was an error with allocating or freeing a debug
|
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register.
|
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.TP
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.B EFAULT
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There was an attempt to read from or write to an invalid area in
|
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the parent's or child's memory,
|
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probably because the area wasn't mapped or accessible.
|
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Unfortunately, under Linux, different variations of this fault
|
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will return EIO or EFAULT more or less arbitrarily.
|
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.TP
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.B EINVAL
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An attempt was made to set an invalid option.
|
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.TP
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.B EIO
|
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\fIrequest\fP is invalid, or an attempt was made to read from or
|
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write to an invalid area in the parent's or child's memory,
|
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or there was a word-alignment violation,
|
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or an invalid signal was specified during a restart request.
|
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.TP
|
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.B EPERM
|
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The specified process cannot be traced.
|
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This could be because the
|
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parent has insufficient privileges (the required capability is
|
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.BR CAP_SYS_PTRACE );
|
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non-root processes cannot trace processes that they
|
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cannot send signals to or those running
|
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set-user-ID/set-group-ID programs, for obvious reasons.
|
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Alternatively, the process may already be being traced, or be
|
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.BR init
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(PID 1).
|
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.TP
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.B ESRCH
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The specified process does not exist, or is not currently being traced
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by the caller, or is not stopped (for requests that require that).
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.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
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SVr4, 4.3BSD
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.SH BUGS
|
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On hosts with 2.6 kernel headers, PTRACE_SETOPTIONS is declared
|
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with a different value than the one for 2.4.
|
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|
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@ -308,42 +308,6 @@ is invalid.
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.TP
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.B ENOMEM
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unable to allocate memory for internal tables.
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.SH EXAMPLE
|
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.nf
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#include <stdio.h>
|
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#include <sys/time.h>
|
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#include <sys/types.h>
|
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#include <unistd.h>
|
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|
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int
|
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main(void)
|
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{
|
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fd_set rfds;
|
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struct timeval tv;
|
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int retval;
|
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|
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/* Watch stdin (fd 0) to see when it has input. */
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FD_ZERO(&rfds);
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FD_SET(0, &rfds);
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/* Wait up to five seconds. */
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tv.tv_sec = 5;
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tv.tv_usec = 0;
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retval = select(1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
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/* Don't rely on the value of tv now! */
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|
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if (retval == \-1)
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perror("select()");
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else if (retval)
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printf("Data is available now.\\n");
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/* FD_ISSET(0, &rfds) will be true. */
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else
|
||||
printf("No data within five seconds.\\n");
|
||||
|
||||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH VERSIONS
|
||||
.BR pselect ()
|
||||
was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16.
|
||||
|
@ -485,6 +449,42 @@ Thus it may be safer to use O_NONBLOCK on sockets that should not block.
|
|||
.\"
|
||||
.\" FIXME select() (and pselect()?) also modify the timeout
|
||||
.\" on an EINTR error return; POSIX.1-2001 doesn't permit this.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||
#include <sys/time.h>
|
||||
#include <sys/types.h>
|
||||
#include <unistd.h>
|
||||
|
||||
int
|
||||
main(void)
|
||||
{
|
||||
fd_set rfds;
|
||||
struct timeval tv;
|
||||
int retval;
|
||||
|
||||
/* Watch stdin (fd 0) to see when it has input. */
|
||||
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
|
||||
FD_SET(0, &rfds);
|
||||
|
||||
/* Wait up to five seconds. */
|
||||
tv.tv_sec = 5;
|
||||
tv.tv_usec = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
retval = select(1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
|
||||
/* Don't rely on the value of tv now! */
|
||||
|
||||
if (retval == \-1)
|
||||
perror("select()");
|
||||
else if (retval)
|
||||
printf("Data is available now.\\n");
|
||||
/* FD_ISSET(0, &rfds) will be true. */
|
||||
else
|
||||
printf("No data within five seconds.\\n");
|
||||
|
||||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
For a tutorial with discussion and examples, see
|
||||
.BR select_tut (2).
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -497,6 +497,55 @@ follows:
|
|||
.fi
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
This is only guaranteed to work on Unix systems, however.
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
On success,
|
||||
.BR select ()
|
||||
returns the total number of file descriptors
|
||||
still present in the file descriptor sets.
|
||||
|
||||
If
|
||||
.BR select ()
|
||||
timed out, then
|
||||
the return value will be zero.
|
||||
The file descriptors set should be all
|
||||
empty (but may not be on some systems).
|
||||
|
||||
A return value of \-1 indicates an error, with \fIerrno\fP being
|
||||
set appropriately.
|
||||
In the case of an error, the returned sets and
|
||||
the timeout struct contents are undefined and should not be used.
|
||||
.BR pselect ()
|
||||
however never modifies \fIntimeout\fP.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Generally speaking, all operating systems that support sockets, also
|
||||
support
|
||||
.BR select ().
|
||||
Many types of programs become
|
||||
extremely complicated without the use of
|
||||
.BR select ().
|
||||
.BR select ()
|
||||
can be used to solve
|
||||
many problems in a portable and efficient way that naive programmers try
|
||||
to solve in a more complicated manner using
|
||||
threads, forking, IPCs, signals, memory sharing, and so on.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR poll (2)
|
||||
system call has the same functionality as
|
||||
.BR select (),
|
||||
and is somewhat more efficient when monitoring sparse
|
||||
file descriptor sets.
|
||||
It is nowadays widely available,
|
||||
but historically was less portable than
|
||||
.BR select ().
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The Linux-specific
|
||||
.BR epoll (7)
|
||||
API provides an interface that is more efficient than
|
||||
.BR select (2)
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR poll (2)
|
||||
when monitoring large numbers of file descriptors.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
Here is an example that better demonstrates the true utility of
|
||||
.BR select ().
|
||||
|
@ -788,55 +837,6 @@ time, although it could easily be extended to do this with a linked list
|
|||
of buffers \(em one for each connection.
|
||||
At the moment, new
|
||||
connections cause the current connection to be dropped.
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
On success,
|
||||
.BR select ()
|
||||
returns the total number of file descriptors
|
||||
still present in the file descriptor sets.
|
||||
|
||||
If
|
||||
.BR select ()
|
||||
timed out, then
|
||||
the return value will be zero.
|
||||
The file descriptors set should be all
|
||||
empty (but may not be on some systems).
|
||||
|
||||
A return value of \-1 indicates an error, with \fIerrno\fP being
|
||||
set appropriately.
|
||||
In the case of an error, the returned sets and
|
||||
the timeout struct contents are undefined and should not be used.
|
||||
.BR pselect ()
|
||||
however never modifies \fIntimeout\fP.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Generally speaking, all operating systems that support sockets, also
|
||||
support
|
||||
.BR select ().
|
||||
Many types of programs become
|
||||
extremely complicated without the use of
|
||||
.BR select ().
|
||||
.BR select ()
|
||||
can be used to solve
|
||||
many problems in a portable and efficient way that naive programmers try
|
||||
to solve in a more complicated manner using
|
||||
threads, forking, IPCs, signals, memory sharing, and so on.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR poll (2)
|
||||
system call has the same functionality as
|
||||
.BR select (),
|
||||
and is somewhat more efficient when monitoring sparse
|
||||
file descriptor sets.
|
||||
It is nowadays widely available,
|
||||
but historically was less portable than
|
||||
.BR select ().
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The Linux-specific
|
||||
.BR epoll (7)
|
||||
API provides an interface that is more efficient than
|
||||
.BR select (2)
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR poll (2)
|
||||
when monitoring large numbers of file descriptors.
|
||||
.SH SEE ALSO
|
||||
.BR accept (2),
|
||||
.BR connect (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -95,22 +95,6 @@ Applications may wish to fall back to
|
|||
in the case where
|
||||
.BR sendfile ()
|
||||
fails with EINVAL or ENOSYS.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
If you plan to use
|
||||
.BR sendfile ()
|
||||
for sending files to a TCP socket, but need
|
||||
to send some header data in front of the file contents, you will find
|
||||
it useful to employ the
|
||||
.B TCP_CORK
|
||||
option, described in
|
||||
.BR tcp (7),
|
||||
to minimize the number of packets and to tune performance.
|
||||
|
||||
In Linux 2.4 and earlier,
|
||||
.I out_fd
|
||||
could refer to a regular file, and
|
||||
.BR sendfile ()
|
||||
changed the current offset of that file.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
If the transfer was successful, the number of bytes written to
|
||||
.I out_fd
|
||||
|
@ -156,6 +140,22 @@ Other Unix systems implement
|
|||
.BR sendfile ()
|
||||
with different semantics and prototypes.
|
||||
It should not be used in portable programs.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
If you plan to use
|
||||
.BR sendfile ()
|
||||
for sending files to a TCP socket, but need
|
||||
to send some header data in front of the file contents, you will find
|
||||
it useful to employ the
|
||||
.B TCP_CORK
|
||||
option, described in
|
||||
.BR tcp (7),
|
||||
to minimize the number of packets and to tune performance.
|
||||
|
||||
In Linux 2.4 and earlier,
|
||||
.I out_fd
|
||||
could refer to a regular file, and
|
||||
.BR sendfile ()
|
||||
changed the current offset of that file.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR open (2),
|
||||
.BR mmap (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -130,23 +130,6 @@ The specified size of the new alternate signal stack
|
|||
An attempt was made to change the alternate signal stack while
|
||||
it was active (i.e., the process was already executing
|
||||
on the current alternate signal stack).
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
The following code segment demonstrates the use of
|
||||
.BR sigaltstack ():
|
||||
|
||||
.RS
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
stack_t ss;
|
||||
|
||||
ss.ss_sp = malloc(SIGSTKSZ);
|
||||
if (ss.ss_sp == NULL)
|
||||
/* Handle error */;
|
||||
ss.ss_size = SIGSTKSZ;
|
||||
ss.ss_flags = 0;
|
||||
if (sigaltstack(&ss, NULL) == \-1)
|
||||
/* Handle error */;
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SUSv2, SVr4, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
|
@ -203,6 +186,23 @@ system call.
|
|||
It used a slightly
|
||||
different struct, and had the major disadvantage that the caller
|
||||
had to know the direction of stack growth.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
The following code segment demonstrates the use of
|
||||
.BR sigaltstack ():
|
||||
|
||||
.RS
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
stack_t ss;
|
||||
|
||||
ss.ss_sp = malloc(SIGSTKSZ);
|
||||
if (ss.ss_sp == NULL)
|
||||
/* Handle error */;
|
||||
ss.ss_size = SIGSTKSZ;
|
||||
ss.ss_flags = 0;
|
||||
if (sigaltstack(&ss, NULL) == \-1)
|
||||
/* Handle error */;
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR execve (2),
|
||||
.BR setrlimit (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ interrupted by the signal.
|
|||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
.BR sigreturn ()
|
||||
never returns.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
/usr/src/linux/arch/i386/kernel/signal.c
|
||||
.br
|
||||
/usr/src/linux/arch/alpha/kernel/entry.S
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
.BR sigreturn ()
|
||||
is specific to Linux and should not be used in programs intended to be
|
||||
|
@ -57,10 +61,6 @@ be called directly.
|
|||
Better yet, the specific use of the
|
||||
.I __unused
|
||||
argument varies depending on the architecture.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
/usr/src/linux/arch/i386/kernel/signal.c
|
||||
.br
|
||||
/usr/src/linux/arch/alpha/kernel/entry.S
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR kill (2),
|
||||
.BR signal (2),
|
||||
|
|
46
man2/stat.2
46
man2/stat.2
|
@ -249,29 +249,6 @@ The `sticky' bit (S_ISVTX) on a directory means that a file
|
|||
in that directory can be renamed or deleted only by the owner
|
||||
of the file, by the owner of the directory, and by a privileged
|
||||
process.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.SS Linux Notes
|
||||
Since kernel 2.5.48, the
|
||||
.I stat
|
||||
structure supports nanosecond resolution for the three
|
||||
file timestamp fields.
|
||||
Glibc exposes the nanosecond component of each field using names either
|
||||
of the form
|
||||
.IR st_atim.tv_nsec ,
|
||||
if the _BSD_SOURCE or _SVID_SOURCE feature test macro is defined,
|
||||
or of the form
|
||||
.IR st_atimensec ,
|
||||
if neither of these macros is defined.
|
||||
On file systems that do not support sub-second timestamps,
|
||||
these nanosecond fields are returned with the value 0.
|
||||
|
||||
For most files under the
|
||||
.I /proc
|
||||
directory,
|
||||
.BR stat ()
|
||||
does not return the file size in the
|
||||
.I st_size
|
||||
field; instead the field is returned with the value 0.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
On success, zero is returned.
|
||||
On error, \-1 is returned, and
|
||||
|
@ -377,6 +354,29 @@ e000 S_IFWHT w% 160000 BSD whiteout (not used for inode)
|
|||
.TE
|
||||
|
||||
A sticky command appeared in Version 32V AT&T UNIX.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.SS Linux Notes
|
||||
Since kernel 2.5.48, the
|
||||
.I stat
|
||||
structure supports nanosecond resolution for the three
|
||||
file timestamp fields.
|
||||
Glibc exposes the nanosecond component of each field using names either
|
||||
of the form
|
||||
.IR st_atim.tv_nsec ,
|
||||
if the _BSD_SOURCE or _SVID_SOURCE feature test macro is defined,
|
||||
or of the form
|
||||
.IR st_atimensec ,
|
||||
if neither of these macros is defined.
|
||||
On file systems that do not support sub-second timestamps,
|
||||
these nanosecond fields are returned with the value 0.
|
||||
|
||||
For most files under the
|
||||
.I /proc
|
||||
directory,
|
||||
.BR stat ()
|
||||
does not return the file size in the
|
||||
.I st_size
|
||||
field; instead the field is returned with the value 0.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR access (2),
|
||||
.BR chmod (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ after performing any write.
|
|||
Specifying
|
||||
.I flags
|
||||
as 0 is permitted, as a no-op.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.SS Some details
|
||||
None of these operations write out the file's metadata.
|
||||
Therefore, unless the application is strictly performing overwrites of
|
||||
already-instantiated disk blocks,
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -70,39 +70,6 @@ a directory tree under
|
|||
.IR /proc/sys ,
|
||||
and if the requested item is found calls some appropriate routine
|
||||
to read or modify the value.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
#include <linux/unistd.h>
|
||||
#include <linux/types.h>
|
||||
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
|
||||
|
||||
_syscall1(int, _sysctl, struct __sysctl_args *, args);
|
||||
int sysctl(int *name, int nlen, void *oldval, size_t *oldlenp,
|
||||
void *newval, size_t newlen)
|
||||
{
|
||||
struct __sysctl_args args = { name, nlen, oldval, oldlenp,
|
||||
newval, newlen };
|
||||
return _sysctl(&args);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#define SIZE(x) sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0])
|
||||
#define OSNAMESZ 100
|
||||
|
||||
char osname[OSNAMESZ];
|
||||
int osnamelth;
|
||||
int name[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_OSTYPE };
|
||||
|
||||
int
|
||||
main(void)
|
||||
{
|
||||
osnamelth = sizeof(osname);
|
||||
if (sysctl(name, SIZE(name), osname, &osnamelth, 0, 0))
|
||||
perror("sysctl");
|
||||
else
|
||||
printf("This machine is running %*s\en", osnamelth, osname);
|
||||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
Upon successful completion,
|
||||
.BR _sysctl ()
|
||||
|
@ -154,5 +121,38 @@ Not all available objects are properly documented.
|
|||
.PP
|
||||
It is not yet possible to change operating system by writing to
|
||||
.IR /proc/sys/kernel/ostype .
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
#include <linux/unistd.h>
|
||||
#include <linux/types.h>
|
||||
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
|
||||
|
||||
_syscall1(int, _sysctl, struct __sysctl_args *, args);
|
||||
int sysctl(int *name, int nlen, void *oldval, size_t *oldlenp,
|
||||
void *newval, size_t newlen)
|
||||
{
|
||||
struct __sysctl_args args = { name, nlen, oldval, oldlenp,
|
||||
newval, newlen };
|
||||
return _sysctl(&args);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#define SIZE(x) sizeof(x)/sizeof(x[0])
|
||||
#define OSNAMESZ 100
|
||||
|
||||
char osname[OSNAMESZ];
|
||||
int osnamelth;
|
||||
int name[] = { CTL_KERN, KERN_OSTYPE };
|
||||
|
||||
int
|
||||
main(void)
|
||||
{
|
||||
osnamelth = sizeof(osname);
|
||||
if (sysctl(name, SIZE(name), osname, &osnamelth, 0, 0))
|
||||
perror("sysctl");
|
||||
else
|
||||
printf("This machine is running %*s\en", osnamelth, osname);
|
||||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR proc (5)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ The macros
|
|||
.BR HUGE_VALL
|
||||
expand to constants of types double, float and long double, respectively,
|
||||
that represent a large positive value, possibly plus infinity.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH AVAILABILITY
|
||||
On a glibc system, the macro HUGE_VAL is always available.
|
||||
Availability of the NAN macro can be tested using
|
||||
|
@ -72,8 +74,6 @@ They will be defined by
|
|||
.I <math.h>
|
||||
if _ISOC99_SOURCE or _GNU_SOURCE is defined, or __STDC_VERSION__ is defined
|
||||
and has a value not less than 199901L.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fpclassify (3),
|
||||
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -15,16 +15,6 @@ transfers
|
|||
to the registers of the fpu (floating point unit) on i386 architecture.
|
||||
This was used to control floating point precision,
|
||||
rounding and floating point exceptions.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.BR __setfpucw(0x1372)
|
||||
|
||||
Set fpu control word on i386 architecture to
|
||||
.br
|
||||
\- extended precision
|
||||
.br
|
||||
\- rounding to nearest
|
||||
.br
|
||||
\- exceptions on overflow, zero divide and NaN
|
||||
.SH AVAILABILITY
|
||||
As of glibc 2.1 this function does not exist anymore.
|
||||
There are new functions from C99, with prototypes in
|
||||
|
@ -48,6 +38,16 @@ If direct access to the FPU control word is still needed, the _FPU_GETCW
|
|||
and _FPU_SETCW macros from
|
||||
.I /usr/include/fpu_control.h
|
||||
can be used.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.BR __setfpucw(0x1372)
|
||||
|
||||
Set fpu control word on i386 architecture to
|
||||
.br
|
||||
\- extended precision
|
||||
.br
|
||||
\- rounding to nearest
|
||||
.br
|
||||
\- exceptions on overflow, zero divide and NaN
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR feclearexcept (3)
|
||||
.br
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ a-z represent 38-63
|
|||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
So 123 = 59*64^0 + 1*64^1 = "v/".
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The value returned by
|
||||
.BR a64l ()
|
||||
|
@ -59,8 +61,6 @@ These functions are broken in glibc before 2.2.5
|
|||
.LP
|
||||
This is not the encoding used by
|
||||
.BR uuencode (1).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR uuencode (1),
|
||||
.BR itoa (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -45,9 +45,6 @@ Upon error, the return value is
|
|||
.BR MM_NOTOK .
|
||||
Possible errors include: out of memory, attempt to remove a
|
||||
nonexistent or default severity class.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
New severity classes can also be added by setting the environment variable
|
||||
.BR SEV_LEVEL .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is not specified in the X/Open Portability Guide
|
||||
although the
|
||||
|
@ -55,6 +52,9 @@ although the
|
|||
function is.
|
||||
It is available on System V
|
||||
systems.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
New severity classes can also be added by setting the environment variable
|
||||
.BR SEV_LEVEL .
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fmtmsg (3),
|
||||
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -70,6 +70,26 @@ If
|
|||
is not NULL, then the buffer that it points to is used to return
|
||||
the amount of time remaining from any previous adjustment that
|
||||
has not yet been completed.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
On success,
|
||||
.BR adjtime ()
|
||||
returns 0. On failure, \-1 is returned, and
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
is set to indicate the error.
|
||||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B EINVAL
|
||||
The adjustment in
|
||||
.I delta
|
||||
is outside the permitted range.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B EPERM
|
||||
The caller does not have sufficient privilege to adjust the time.
|
||||
Under Linux the
|
||||
.B CAP_SYS_TIME
|
||||
capability is required.
|
||||
.SH CONFORMING TO
|
||||
4.3BSD, System V.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The adjustment that
|
||||
.BR adjtime ()
|
||||
|
@ -91,26 +111,6 @@ In the glibc implementation,
|
|||
must be less than or equal to (INT_MAX / 1000000 \- 2)
|
||||
and greater than or equal to (INT_MIN / 1000000 + 2)
|
||||
(respectively 2145 and \-2145 seconds on x86).
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
On success,
|
||||
.BR adjtime ()
|
||||
returns 0. On failure, \-1 is returned, and
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
is set to indicate the error.
|
||||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B EINVAL
|
||||
The adjustment in
|
||||
.I delta
|
||||
is outside the permitted range.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B EPERM
|
||||
The caller does not have sufficient privilege to adjust the time.
|
||||
Under Linux the
|
||||
.B CAP_SYS_TIME
|
||||
capability is required.
|
||||
.SH CONFORMING TO
|
||||
4.3BSD, System V.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
Currently, if
|
||||
.I delta
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -99,6 +99,8 @@ This function is not supported.
|
|||
The file is a regular file, we start reading before end-of-file
|
||||
and want at least one byte, but the starting position is past
|
||||
the maximum offset for this file.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
It is a good idea to zero out the control block before use.
|
||||
This control block must not be changed while the read operation
|
||||
|
@ -108,8 +110,6 @@ The buffer area being read into
|
|||
must not be accessed during the operation or undefined results may
|
||||
occur.
|
||||
The memory areas involved must remain valid.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR aio_cancel (3),
|
||||
.BR aio_error (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -67,12 +67,12 @@ had completed.
|
|||
.B EINTR
|
||||
The call was ended by signal.
|
||||
(Possibly the completion signal of one of the operations we were waiting for.)
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
One can achieve polling by using a non-NULL
|
||||
.I timeout
|
||||
that specifies a zero time interval.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR aio_cancel (3),
|
||||
.BR aio_error (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -99,6 +99,8 @@ are invalid.
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B ENOSYS
|
||||
This function is not supported.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
It is a good idea to zero out the control block before use.
|
||||
This control block must not be changed while the write operation
|
||||
|
@ -108,8 +110,6 @@ The buffer area being written out
|
|||
must not be accessed during the operation or undefined results may
|
||||
occur.
|
||||
The memory areas involved must remain valid.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR aio_cancel (3),
|
||||
.BR aio_error (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -203,10 +203,11 @@ all null bytes ('\\0') except the last by
|
|||
All argz functions that do memory allocation have a return type of
|
||||
\fIerror_t\fP, and return 0 for success, and \fBENOMEM\fP
|
||||
if an allocation error occurs.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
Argz vectors without a terminating null byte may lead to Segmentation Faults.
|
||||
.SH CONFORMING TO
|
||||
These functions are a GNU extension.
|
||||
Handle with care.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
Argz vectors without a terminating null byte may lead to
|
||||
Segmentation Faults.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR envz (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -64,6 +64,23 @@ The
|
|||
.BR atexit ()
|
||||
function returns the value 0 if successful; otherwise
|
||||
it returns a non-zero value.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.\" FIXME .SS Linux Notes here, and grammar in this sentence
|
||||
Since glibc 2.2.3,
|
||||
.BR atexit ()
|
||||
(and
|
||||
.BR on_exit (3))
|
||||
can be used to within a shared library to establish functions
|
||||
that are called when the shared library is unloaded.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Functions registered using
|
||||
.BR atexit ()
|
||||
(and
|
||||
.BR on_exit (3))
|
||||
are not called if a process terminates abnormally because
|
||||
of the delivery of a signal.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
#include <stdio.h>
|
||||
|
@ -93,22 +110,6 @@ main(void)
|
|||
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Since glibc 2.2.3,
|
||||
.BR atexit ()
|
||||
(and
|
||||
.BR on_exit (3))
|
||||
can be used to within a shared library to establish functions
|
||||
that are called when the shared library is unloaded.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Functions registered using
|
||||
.BR atexit ()
|
||||
(and
|
||||
.BR on_exit (3))
|
||||
are not called if a process terminates abnormally because
|
||||
of the delivery of a signal.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR _exit (3),
|
||||
.BR exit (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -112,25 +112,14 @@ path dirname basename
|
|||
"." "." "."
|
||||
".." "." ".."
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.RS
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
char *dirc, *basec, *bname, *dname;
|
||||
char *path = "/etc/passwd";
|
||||
|
||||
dirc = strdup(path);
|
||||
basec = strdup(path);
|
||||
dname = dirname(dirc);
|
||||
bname = basename(basec);
|
||||
printf("dirname=%s, basename=%s\\n", dname, bname);
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
Both
|
||||
.BR dirname ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR basename ()
|
||||
return pointers to null-terminated strings.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
There are two different versions of
|
||||
.BR basename ()
|
||||
|
@ -162,8 +151,19 @@ Before glibc 2.2.1, the glibc version of
|
|||
.BR dirname ()
|
||||
did not correctly handle pathnames with trailing '/' characters,
|
||||
and generated a segfault if given a NULL argument.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.RS
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
char *dirc, *basec, *bname, *dname;
|
||||
char *path = "/etc/passwd";
|
||||
|
||||
dirc = strdup(path);
|
||||
basec = strdup(path);
|
||||
dname = dirname(dirc);
|
||||
bname = basename(basec);
|
||||
printf("dirname=%s, basename=%s\\n", dname, bname);
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR basename (1),
|
||||
.BR dirname (1),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ on error.
|
|||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
As for
|
||||
.BR signal (2).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.2BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Use of
|
||||
.BR bsd_signal ()
|
||||
|
@ -81,8 +83,6 @@ The use of
|
|||
is a GNU extension;
|
||||
this type is only defined if
|
||||
the _GNU_SOURCE feature test macro is defined.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.2BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR sigaction (2),
|
||||
.BR signal (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ function returns a pointer to a matching member of the
|
|||
array, or NULL if no match is found.
|
||||
If there are multiple elements that
|
||||
match the key, the element returned is unspecified.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001, C89, C99
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
The example below first sorts an array of structures using
|
||||
.BR qsort (3),
|
||||
|
@ -112,8 +114,6 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
|
|||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.\" this example referred to in qsort.3
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001, C89, C99
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR hsearch (3),
|
||||
.BR lsearch (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ The
|
|||
.BR cabs ()
|
||||
function returns the absolute value of the complex number z. The
|
||||
result is a real number.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The function is actually an alias for hypot(a,b) = sqrt(a*a+b*b).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The function is actually an alias for hypot(a,b) = sqrt(a*a+b*b).
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR abs (3),
|
||||
.BR cimag (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ On failure,
|
|||
.BR catgets ()
|
||||
returns the value
|
||||
.IR message .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
These functions are only available in libc.so.4.4.4c and above.
|
||||
The Jan 1987 X/Open Portability Guide specifies a more subtle
|
||||
|
@ -77,8 +79,6 @@ the specified message.
|
|||
These two possible error returns seem to be discarded in SUSv2
|
||||
in favour of always returning
|
||||
.IR message .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR catopen (3),
|
||||
.BR setlocale (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -134,6 +134,13 @@ is set to
|
|||
The language to use if
|
||||
.I flag
|
||||
is 0.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.\" In XPG 1987, Vol. 3 it says:
|
||||
.\" .I "The flag argument of catopen is reserved for future use"
|
||||
.\" .IR "and should be set to 0" .
|
||||
It is unclear what the source was for the constants MCLoadBySet
|
||||
and MCLoadAll (see below).
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The above is the POSIX.1-2001 description.
|
||||
The glibc value for NL_CAT_LOCALE is 1.
|
||||
|
@ -164,13 +171,6 @@ The default search path varies, but usually looks at a number of places below
|
|||
.I /etc/locale
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR /usr/lib/locale .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.\" In XPG 1987, Vol. 3 it says:
|
||||
.\" .I "The flag argument of catopen is reserved for future use"
|
||||
.\" .IR "and should be set to 0" .
|
||||
It is unclear what the source was for the constants MCLoadBySet
|
||||
and MCLoadAll.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR catgets (3),
|
||||
.BR setlocale (3)
|
||||
|
|
10
man3/ceil.3
10
man3/ceil.3
|
@ -47,6 +47,11 @@ No errors other than EDOM and ERANGE can occur.
|
|||
If \fIx\fP is NaN, then NaN is returned and
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
may be set to EDOM.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR ceil ()
|
||||
function conforms to SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
|
||||
The other functions are from C99.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
SUSv2 and POSIX.1-2001 contain text about overflow (which might set
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
|
@ -58,11 +63,6 @@ of the exponent is smaller than the number of mantissa bits.
|
|||
For the IEEE-754 standard 32-bit and 64-bit floating point numbers
|
||||
the maximum value of the exponent is 128 (resp. 1024), and the number
|
||||
of mantissa bits is 24 (resp. 53).)
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR ceil ()
|
||||
function conforms to SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.
|
||||
The other functions are from C99.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR floor (3),
|
||||
.BR lrint (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ The
|
|||
function returns the imaginary part of the complex number z.
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
One has z = creal(z) + I * cimag(z).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
gcc also supports __imag__.
|
||||
That is a GNU extension.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR cabs (3),
|
||||
.BR creal (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -138,6 +138,23 @@ specified is not supported on this system.
|
|||
.B EPERM
|
||||
.BR clock_settime ()
|
||||
does not have permission to set the clock indicated.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH AVAILABILITY
|
||||
On POSIX systems on which these functions are available, the symbol
|
||||
.B _POSIX_TIMERS
|
||||
is defined in <unistd.h> to a value greater than 0.
|
||||
The symbols
|
||||
.BR _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK ,
|
||||
.BR _POSIX_CPUTIME ,
|
||||
.B _POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME
|
||||
indicate that
|
||||
.BR CLOCK_MONOTONIC ,
|
||||
.BR CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID ,
|
||||
.B CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID
|
||||
are available.
|
||||
(See also
|
||||
.BR sysconf (3).)
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Most systems require the program be linked with the librt
|
||||
library to use these functions.
|
||||
|
@ -172,23 +189,6 @@ Glibc contains no provisions to deal with these offsets (unlike the Linux
|
|||
Kernel).
|
||||
Typically these offsets are small and therefore the effects may be
|
||||
negligible in most cases.
|
||||
.SH AVAILABILITY
|
||||
On POSIX systems on which these functions are available, the symbol
|
||||
.B _POSIX_TIMERS
|
||||
is defined in <unistd.h> to a value greater than 0.
|
||||
The symbols
|
||||
.BR _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK ,
|
||||
.BR _POSIX_CPUTIME ,
|
||||
.B _POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME
|
||||
indicate that
|
||||
.BR CLOCK_MONOTONIC ,
|
||||
.BR CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID ,
|
||||
.B CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID
|
||||
are available.
|
||||
(See also
|
||||
.BR sysconf (3).)
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR date (1),
|
||||
.BR adjtimex (2),
|
||||
|
|
42
man3/cmsg.3
42
man3/cmsg.3
|
@ -134,6 +134,27 @@ flag is set in the
|
|||
.I msg_flags
|
||||
member of the
|
||||
.BR msghdr .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This ancillary data model conforms to the POSIX.1g draft, 4.4BSD-Lite,
|
||||
the IPv6 advanced API described in RFC\ 2292 and the SUSv2.
|
||||
.B
|
||||
CMSG_ALIGN
|
||||
is a Linux extension.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
For portability, ancillary data should be accessed only using the macros
|
||||
described here.
|
||||
.BR CMSG_ALIGN ()
|
||||
is a Linux extension and should be not used in portable programs.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
In Linux,
|
||||
.BR CMSG_LEN ,
|
||||
.BR CMSG_DATA ,
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR CMSG_ALIGN ()
|
||||
are constant expressions (assuming their argument is constant);
|
||||
this could be used to declare the size of global
|
||||
variables.
|
||||
This may be not portable, however.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
This code looks for the
|
||||
.B IP_TTL
|
||||
|
@ -192,27 +213,6 @@ msg.msg_controllen = cmsg->cmsg_len;
|
|||
.ta
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
For portability, ancillary data should be accessed only using the macros
|
||||
described here.
|
||||
.BR CMSG_ALIGN ()
|
||||
is a Linux extension and should be not used in portable programs.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
In Linux,
|
||||
.BR CMSG_LEN ,
|
||||
.BR CMSG_DATA ,
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR CMSG_ALIGN ()
|
||||
are constant expressions (assuming their argument is constant);
|
||||
this could be used to declare the size of global
|
||||
variables.
|
||||
This may be not portable, however.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This ancillary data model conforms to the POSIX.1g draft, 4.4BSD-Lite,
|
||||
the IPv6 advanced API described in RFC\ 2292 and the SUSv2.
|
||||
.B
|
||||
CMSG_ALIGN
|
||||
is a Linux extension.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR recvmsg (2),
|
||||
.BR sendmsg (2)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -118,6 +118,8 @@ is set to
|
|||
If the value of
|
||||
.I name
|
||||
is invalid.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
The following code fragment determines the path where to find
|
||||
the POSIX.2 system utilities:
|
||||
|
@ -130,8 +132,6 @@ char *pathbuf; size_t n;
|
|||
n = confstr(_CS_PATH,NULL,(size_t)0);
|
||||
if ((pathbuf = malloc(n)) == NULL) abort();
|
||||
confstr(_CS_PATH, pathbuf, n);
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR sh (1),
|
||||
.BR exec (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -47,14 +47,14 @@ The
|
|||
functions return a value whose absolute value matches
|
||||
that of \fIx\fP, but whose sign matches that of \fIy\fP.
|
||||
If \fIx\fP is a NaN, then a NaN with the sign of \fIy\fP is returned.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99, 4.3BSD.
|
||||
This function is defined in IEC 559 (and the appendix with
|
||||
recommended functions in IEEE 754/IEEE 854).
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
On architectures where the floating-point formats are not IEEE 754 compliant,
|
||||
the
|
||||
.BR copysign ()
|
||||
functions may treat a negative zero as positive.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99, 4.3BSD.
|
||||
This function is defined in IEC 559 (and the appendix with
|
||||
recommended functions in IEEE 754/IEEE 854).
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR signbit (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ The
|
|||
function returns the real part of the complex number z.
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
One has z = creal(z) + I * cimag(z).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The gcc supports also __real__.
|
||||
That is a GNU extension.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR cabs (3),
|
||||
.BR cimag (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -135,6 +135,8 @@ function was not implemented, probably because of U.S.A. export restrictions.
|
|||
.\" .PP
|
||||
.\" Making encrypted data computed using crypt() publicly available has
|
||||
.\" to be considered insecure for the given reasons.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.SS Glibc Notes
|
||||
The glibc2 version of this function has the following additional features.
|
||||
|
@ -155,8 +157,6 @@ is significant here (instead of only the first
|
|||
8 bytes).
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
Programs using this function must be linked with \-lcrypt.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR login (1),
|
||||
.BR passwd (1),
|
||||
|
|
18
man3/ctime.3
18
man3/ctime.3
|
@ -226,6 +226,15 @@ Each of these functions returns the value described, or NULL
|
|||
(\-1 in case of
|
||||
.BR mktime ())
|
||||
in case an error was detected.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
C89 and C99 specify
|
||||
.BR asctime (),
|
||||
.BR ctime (),
|
||||
.BR gmtime (),
|
||||
.BR localtime (),
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR mktime ()
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The four functions
|
||||
.BR asctime (),
|
||||
|
@ -260,15 +269,6 @@ const char *tm_zone; /* Timezone abbreviation */
|
|||
defined when _BSD_SOURCE was set before including
|
||||
.IR <time.h> .
|
||||
This is a BSD extension, present in 4.3BSD-Reno.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
C89 and C99 specify
|
||||
.BR asctime (),
|
||||
.BR ctime (),
|
||||
.BR gmtime (),
|
||||
.BR localtime (),
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR mktime ()
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR date (1),
|
||||
.BR gettimeofday (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -72,6 +72,12 @@ to any of the errors specified for the
|
|||
.BR fork (2)
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR setsid (2).
|
||||
.SH CONFORMING TO
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
A similar function appears on the BSDs.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR daemon ()
|
||||
function first appeared in 4.4BSD.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The glibc implementation can also return \-1 when
|
||||
.I /dev/null
|
||||
|
@ -80,12 +86,6 @@ major and minor numbers.
|
|||
In this case
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
need not be set.
|
||||
.SH CONFORMING TO
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
A similar function appears on the BSDs.
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR daemon ()
|
||||
function first appeared in 4.4BSD.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fork (2),
|
||||
.BR setsid (2)
|
||||
|
|
12
man3/dirfd.3
12
man3/dirfd.3
|
@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ It will be automatically closed when
|
|||
is called.
|
||||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
On error \-1 is returned.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This is a BSD extension, present in 4.3BSD-Reno, not in 4.2BSD.
|
||||
It is present in libc5 (since 5.1.2) and in glibc2.
|
||||
.\" As at 2006:
|
||||
This function is under consideration for inclusion in
|
||||
a future version of POSIX.1.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The prototype for
|
||||
.BR dirfd ()
|
||||
|
@ -54,12 +60,6 @@ is only available if
|
|||
or
|
||||
.B _SVID_SOURCE
|
||||
is defined.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This is a BSD extension, present in 4.3BSD-Reno, not in 4.2BSD.
|
||||
It is present in libc5 (since 5.1.2) and in glibc2.
|
||||
.\" As at 2006:
|
||||
This function is under consideration for inclusion in
|
||||
a future version of POSIX.1.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR open (2),
|
||||
.BR closedir (3),
|
||||
|
|
12
man3/div.3
12
man3/div.3
|
@ -70,12 +70,6 @@ of the indicated name, in all cases with fields \fIquot\fP and \fIrem\fP
|
|||
of the same type as the function arguments.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
The \fIdiv_t\fP (etc.) structure.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
After
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
div_t q = div(\-5, 3);
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
the values \fIq.quot\fP and \fIq.rem\fP are \-1 and \-2, respectively.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89.
|
||||
The functions
|
||||
|
@ -83,6 +77,12 @@ The functions
|
|||
and
|
||||
.BR imaxdiv ()
|
||||
were added in C99.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
After
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
div_t q = div(\-5, 3);
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
the values \fIq.quot\fP and \fIq.rem\fP are \-1 and \-2, respectively.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR abs (3),
|
||||
.BR remainder (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -140,6 +140,15 @@ in virtual memory using the formula:
|
|||
.nf
|
||||
addr == info->dlpi_addr + info->dlpi_phdr[x].p_vaddr;
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR dl_iterate_phdr ()
|
||||
function returns whatever value was returned by the last call to
|
||||
.IR callback .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR dl_iterate_phdr ()
|
||||
function is Linux specific and should be avoided in portable applications.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
The following program displays a list of pathnames of the
|
||||
shared objects it has loaded.
|
||||
|
@ -174,15 +183,6 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
|
|||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR dl_iterate_phdr ()
|
||||
function returns whatever value was returned by the last call to
|
||||
.IR callback .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR dl_iterate_phdr ()
|
||||
function is Linux specific and should be avoided in portable applications.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ldd (1),
|
||||
.BR objdump (1),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -357,6 +357,37 @@ The function
|
|||
does the same as
|
||||
.BR dlsym ()
|
||||
but takes a version string as an additional argument.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001 describes
|
||||
.BR dlclose (),
|
||||
.BR dlerror (),
|
||||
.BR dlopen (),
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR dlsym ().
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The symbols RTLD_DEFAULT and RTLD_NEXT are defined by
|
||||
.I <dlfcn.h>
|
||||
only when _GNU_SOURCE was defined before including it.
|
||||
.\" .LP
|
||||
.\" The string returned by
|
||||
.\" .BR dlerror ()
|
||||
.\" should not be modified.
|
||||
.\" Some systems give the prototype as
|
||||
.\" .sp
|
||||
.\" .in +5
|
||||
.\" .B "const char *dlerror(void);"
|
||||
.\" .in
|
||||
|
||||
Since glibc 2.2.3,
|
||||
.BR atexit (3)
|
||||
can be used to register an exit handler that is automatically
|
||||
called when a library is unloaded.
|
||||
.SS History
|
||||
The dlopen interface standard comes from SunOS.
|
||||
That system also has
|
||||
.BR dladdr (),
|
||||
but not
|
||||
.BR dlvsym ().
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
Load the math library, and print the cosine of 2.0:
|
||||
.RS
|
||||
|
@ -410,37 +441,6 @@ follows, using bar.c as the example name:
|
|||
.LP
|
||||
gcc \-shared \-nostartfiles \-o bar bar.c
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The symbols RTLD_DEFAULT and RTLD_NEXT are defined by
|
||||
.I <dlfcn.h>
|
||||
only when _GNU_SOURCE was defined before including it.
|
||||
.\" .LP
|
||||
.\" The string returned by
|
||||
.\" .BR dlerror ()
|
||||
.\" should not be modified.
|
||||
.\" Some systems give the prototype as
|
||||
.\" .sp
|
||||
.\" .in +5
|
||||
.\" .B "const char *dlerror(void);"
|
||||
.\" .in
|
||||
|
||||
Since glibc 2.2.3,
|
||||
.BR atexit (3)
|
||||
can be used to register an exit handler that is automatically
|
||||
called when a library is unloaded.
|
||||
.SS History
|
||||
The dlopen interface standard comes from SunOS.
|
||||
That system also has
|
||||
.BR dladdr (),
|
||||
but not
|
||||
.BR dlvsym ().
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001 describes
|
||||
.BR dlclose (),
|
||||
.BR dlerror (),
|
||||
.BR dlopen (),
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR dlsym ().
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ld (1),
|
||||
.BR ldd (1),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ and
|
|||
except that they output to a file descriptor
|
||||
.I fd
|
||||
instead of to a given stream.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions, not in C or POSIX.
|
||||
Clearly, the names were badly chosen.
|
||||
|
@ -68,8 +70,6 @@ intended to be portable.
|
|||
|
||||
A better name would have been
|
||||
.BR fdprintf (3).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR printf (3),
|
||||
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -78,6 +78,9 @@ The static string is overwritten by each call to
|
|||
.BR ecvt ()
|
||||
or
|
||||
.BR fcvt ().
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr2;
|
||||
marked as LEGACY in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
These functions are obsolete.
|
||||
Instead,
|
||||
|
@ -88,9 +91,6 @@ Linux libc4 and libc5 specified the type of
|
|||
as
|
||||
.BR size_t .
|
||||
Not all locales use a point as the radix character (`decimal point').
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr2;
|
||||
marked as LEGACY in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ecvt_r (3),
|
||||
.BR gcvt (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ and
|
|||
.BR qecvt (3).
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
These functions return 0 on success, and \-1 otherwise.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
These functions are obsolete.
|
||||
Instead,
|
||||
.BR sprintf (3)
|
||||
is recommended.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ecvt (3),
|
||||
.BR qecvt (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -112,6 +112,19 @@ On success, it is unchanged.
|
|||
.BR ENOSYS
|
||||
The function is not provided.
|
||||
(For example because of former USA export restrictions.)
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The functions
|
||||
.BR encrypt ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR setkey ()
|
||||
conform to SVr4, SUSv2, and POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
The functions
|
||||
.BR encrypt_r ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR setkey_r ()
|
||||
are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
In glibc 2.2 these functions use the DES algorithm.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
You need to link with libcrypt to compile this example with glibc 2.2.
|
||||
To do useful work the key[] and txt[] arrays must be filled with a
|
||||
|
@ -133,19 +146,6 @@ main(void)
|
|||
encrypt(txt, 1); /* decode */
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
In glibc 2.2 these functions use the DES algorithm.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The functions
|
||||
.BR encrypt ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR setkey ()
|
||||
conform to SVr4, SUSv2, and POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
The functions
|
||||
.BR encrypt_r ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR setkey_r ()
|
||||
are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR cbc_crypt (3),
|
||||
.BR crypt (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -113,6 +113,9 @@ removes all entries with value NULL.
|
|||
All envz functions that do memory allocation have a return type of
|
||||
\fIerror_t\fP, and return 0 for success, and \fBENOMEM\fP
|
||||
if an allocation error occurs.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are a GNU extension.
|
||||
Handle with care.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
|
@ -135,8 +138,5 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
|
|||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are a GNU extension.
|
||||
Handle with care.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR argz (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ struct ether_addr {
|
|||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.in -0.5i
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The glibc 2.2.5 implementation of ether_line() is broken.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.3BSD, SunOS
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The glibc 2.2.5 implementation of ether_line() is broken.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ethers (5)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -161,13 +161,16 @@ The return value is \-1,
|
|||
and the global variable
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
will be set to indicate the error.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.I /bin/sh
|
||||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
All of these functions may fail and set
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
for any of the errors specified for the library function
|
||||
.BR execve (2).
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.\" FIXME remove this section?
|
||||
.I /bin/sh
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
On some other systems the default path (used when the environment
|
||||
does not contain the variable \fBPATH\fR) has the current working
|
||||
|
@ -202,8 +205,6 @@ and
|
|||
upon which they returned.
|
||||
They now return if any error other than the ones
|
||||
described above occurs.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR sh (1),
|
||||
.BR execve (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ for any of the errors specified for the routines
|
|||
.BR write (2)
|
||||
or
|
||||
.BR fflush (3).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C89, C99.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Note that
|
||||
.BR fclose ()
|
||||
|
@ -95,8 +97,6 @@ on disk the kernel buffers must be flushed too, e.g. with
|
|||
.BR sync (2)
|
||||
or
|
||||
.BR fsync (2).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C89, C99.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR close (2),
|
||||
.BR fcloseall (3),
|
||||
|
|
11
man3/fenv.3
11
man3/fenv.3
|
@ -207,7 +207,13 @@ These functions return zero on success and non-zero if an error occurred.
|
|||
.\" Earlier seven of these functions were listed as returning void.
|
||||
.\" This was corrected in Corrigendum 1 (ISO/IEC 9899:1999/Cor.1:2001(E))
|
||||
.\" of the C99 Standard.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
IEC 60559 (IEC 559:1989), ANSI/IEEE 854, C99.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.\" FIXME notes of the following form are not consistent across pages
|
||||
Link with
|
||||
.BR \-lm .
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.SS Glibc Notes
|
||||
If possible, the GNU C Library defines a macro
|
||||
.B FE_NOMASK_ENV
|
||||
|
@ -252,10 +258,5 @@ and \-1 otherwise.
|
|||
The
|
||||
.BR fegetexcept ()
|
||||
function returns the set of all currently enabled exceptions.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Link with
|
||||
.BR \-lm .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
IEC 60559 (IEC 559:1989), ANSI/IEEE 854, C99.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ may also fail and set
|
|||
.I errno
|
||||
for any of the errors specified for the routine
|
||||
.BR write (2).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C89, C99.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Note that
|
||||
.BR fflush ()
|
||||
|
@ -93,8 +95,6 @@ the kernel buffers must be flushed too, e.g. with
|
|||
.BR sync (2)
|
||||
or
|
||||
.BR fsync (2).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C89, C99.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fsync (2),
|
||||
.BR sync (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -97,12 +97,12 @@ function returns zero for success
|
|||
(the lock was obtained), and non-zero for failure.
|
||||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
None.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH AVAILABILITY
|
||||
These functions are available when _POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS
|
||||
is defined.
|
||||
They are in libc since libc 5.1.1 and in glibc
|
||||
since glibc 2.0.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR unlocked_stdio (3)
|
||||
|
|
10
man3/floor.3
10
man3/floor.3
|
@ -46,6 +46,11 @@ No errors other than EDOM and ERANGE can occur.
|
|||
If \fIx\fP is NaN, then NaN is returned and
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
may be set to EDOM.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR floor ()
|
||||
function conforms to SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89.
|
||||
The other functions are from C99.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
SUSv2 and POSIX.1-2001 contain text about overflow (which might set
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
|
@ -57,11 +62,6 @@ of the exponent is smaller than the number of mantissa bits.
|
|||
For the IEEE-754 standard 32-bit and 64-bit floating point numbers
|
||||
the maximum value of the exponent is 128 (resp. 1024), and the number
|
||||
of mantissa bits is 24 (resp. 53).)
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR floor ()
|
||||
function conforms to SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89.
|
||||
The other functions are from C99.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ceil (3),
|
||||
.BR lrint (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -141,6 +141,10 @@ pointer.
|
|||
Otherwise, NULL is returned and the global variable
|
||||
.I errno
|
||||
is set to indicate the error.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.\" Jan 06: But they appear to be going up for standardization by
|
||||
.\" POSIX/PASC/IEEE.
|
||||
.SH "EXAMPLE"
|
||||
The program below uses
|
||||
.BR fmemopen ()
|
||||
|
@ -193,10 +197,6 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
|
|||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.\" Jan 06: But they appear to be going up for standardization by
|
||||
.\" POSIX/PASC/IEEE.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR open (3),
|
||||
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -143,6 +143,21 @@ Using
|
|||
or the environment variable
|
||||
.B SEV_LEVEL
|
||||
you can add more levels and strings to print.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
The function can return 4 values:
|
||||
.TP 12n
|
||||
.B MM_OK
|
||||
Everything went smooth.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B MM_NOTOK
|
||||
Complete failure.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B MM_NOMSG
|
||||
Error writing to
|
||||
.IR stderr .
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B MM_NOCON
|
||||
Error writing to the console.
|
||||
.SH ENVIRONMENT
|
||||
The environment variable
|
||||
.B MSGVERB
|
||||
|
@ -198,21 +213,6 @@ any of the predefined classes.
|
|||
The printstring
|
||||
is the string printed when a message of this class is processed by
|
||||
.BR fmtmsg ().
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
The function can return 4 values:
|
||||
.TP 12n
|
||||
.B MM_OK
|
||||
Everything went smooth.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B MM_NOTOK
|
||||
Complete failure.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B MM_NOMSG
|
||||
Error writing to
|
||||
.IR stderr .
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B MM_NOCON
|
||||
Error writing to the console.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
The functions
|
||||
.BR fmtmsg ()
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ returns 1 if
|
|||
is positive infinity, and \-1 if
|
||||
.I x
|
||||
is negative infinity.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
In glibc 2.01 and earlier,
|
||||
.BR isinf ()
|
||||
|
@ -81,8 +83,6 @@ returns a non-zero value (actually: 1) if
|
|||
.I x
|
||||
is an infinity (positive or negative).
|
||||
(This is all that C99 requires.)
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR finite (3),
|
||||
.BR INFINITY (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ is set to indicate the error.
|
|||
.SH ERRORS
|
||||
See the ERRORS in
|
||||
.BR fseek (3).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
These functions are found on System V-like systems.
|
||||
They are not present in libc4, libc5, glibc 2.0
|
||||
but are available since glibc 2.1.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fseek (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ These days the contents of the \fItimezone\fP and \fIdstflag\fP
|
|||
fields are undefined.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
This function always returns 0.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.2BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
This function is obsolete.
|
||||
Don't use it.
|
||||
|
@ -80,8 +82,6 @@ glibc 2.1.1 is correct again.
|
|||
.\" The
|
||||
.\" .BR ftime ()
|
||||
.\" function appeared in 4.2BSD.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.2BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR gettimeofday (2),
|
||||
.BR time (2)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -742,14 +742,14 @@ as follows:
|
|||
.It Bq Er EINVAL
|
||||
The options were invalid.
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Sh VERSIONS
|
||||
These functions are available in Linux since glibc2.
|
||||
.Sh "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.4BSD. The
|
||||
.Nm fts
|
||||
utility is expected to be included in a future
|
||||
.St -p1003.1-88
|
||||
revision.
|
||||
.Sh VERSIONS
|
||||
These functions are available in Linux since glibc2.
|
||||
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
||||
.Xr find 1 ,
|
||||
.Xr chdir 2 ,
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -295,6 +295,8 @@ then the only non-zero value that should be used by \fIfn\fP()
|
|||
to terminate the tree walk is \fBFTW_STOP\fP,
|
||||
and that value is returned as the result of
|
||||
.BR nftw ().
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, SUSv1.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The function
|
||||
.BR nftw ()
|
||||
|
@ -321,8 +323,6 @@ The function
|
|||
is available since glibc 2.1.
|
||||
|
||||
\fBFTW_ACTIONRETVAL\fP is glibc specific.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001, SVr4, SUSv1.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
The following program traverses the directory tree under the path named
|
||||
in its first command-line argument, or under the current directory
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ function that is equivalent to
|
|||
and computes the natural logarithm of the Gamma function.
|
||||
(This is for compatibility reasons only.
|
||||
Don't use this function.)
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.2BSD.
|
||||
Compatible with previous mistakes.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.SS History
|
||||
4.2BSD had a
|
||||
|
@ -60,9 +63,6 @@ the "true gamma" function.
|
|||
.\" The FreeBSD man page says about gamma() that it is like lgamma()
|
||||
.\" except that is does not set signgam.
|
||||
.\" Also, that 4.4BSD has a gamma() that computes the true gamma function.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.2BSD.
|
||||
Compatible with previous mistakes.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR lgamma (3),
|
||||
.BR signgam (3),
|
||||
|
|
10
man3/gcvt.3
10
man3/gcvt.3
|
@ -42,11 +42,6 @@ terminated ASCII string and stores the result in \fIbuf\fP.
|
|||
It produces \fIndigit\fP significant digits in either
|
||||
.BR printf (3)
|
||||
F format or E format.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
This function is obsolete.
|
||||
Instead,
|
||||
.BR sprintf (3)
|
||||
is recommended.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR gcvt ()
|
||||
|
@ -54,6 +49,11 @@ function returns the address of the string pointed to
|
|||
by \fIbuf\fP.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
marked as LEGACY in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
This function is obsolete.
|
||||
Instead,
|
||||
.BR sprintf (3)
|
||||
is recommended.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ecvt (3),
|
||||
.BR fcvt (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -152,6 +152,13 @@ The
|
|||
.IR size
|
||||
argument is less than the length of the working directory name.
|
||||
You need to allocate a bigger array and try again.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
.BR getcwd ()
|
||||
conforms to POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.BR getwd()
|
||||
is present in POSIX.1-2001, but marked LEGACY.
|
||||
.BR get_current_dir_name ()
|
||||
is a GNU extension.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Under Linux, the function
|
||||
.BR getcwd ()
|
||||
|
@ -171,13 +178,6 @@ directory (".") and calling
|
|||
.BR fchdir (2)
|
||||
to return is usually a faster and more reliable alternative when sufficiently
|
||||
many file descriptors are available, especially on platforms other than Linux.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
.BR getcwd ()
|
||||
conforms to POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.BR getwd()
|
||||
is present in POSIX.1-2001, but marked LEGACY.
|
||||
.BR get_current_dir_name ()
|
||||
is a GNU extension.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR chdir (2),
|
||||
.BR fchdir (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -126,6 +126,16 @@ There is no line in the file that matches the input.
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B 8
|
||||
Invalid input specification.
|
||||
.SH ENVIRONMENT
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B DATEMSK
|
||||
File containing format patterns.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.BR TZ ", " LC_TIME
|
||||
Variables used by
|
||||
.BR strptime (3).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Since
|
||||
.BR getdate ()
|
||||
|
@ -157,16 +167,6 @@ so that automatically precisely the same conversions are supported by both.
|
|||
The glibc implementation does not support the
|
||||
.B %Z
|
||||
conversion specification.
|
||||
.SH ENVIRONMENT
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B DATEMSK
|
||||
File containing format patterns.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.BR TZ ", " LC_TIME
|
||||
Variables used by
|
||||
.BR strptime (3).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR localtime (3),
|
||||
.BR setlocale (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -100,6 +100,33 @@ No more entries.
|
|||
.B ERANGE
|
||||
Insufficient buffer space supplied.
|
||||
Try again with larger buffer.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions, done in a style resembling
|
||||
the POSIX version of functions like
|
||||
.BR getpwnam_r (3).
|
||||
Other systems use prototype
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
struct group *
|
||||
getgrent_r(struct group *grp, char *buf, int buflen);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
or, better,
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
int
|
||||
getgrent_r(struct group *grp, char *buf, int buflen,
|
||||
FILE **gr_fp);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The function
|
||||
.BR getgrent_r ()
|
||||
is not really reentrant since it shares the reading position
|
||||
in the stream with all other threads.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
#define _GNU_SOURCE
|
||||
|
@ -140,33 +167,6 @@ main(void)
|
|||
.\" printf("getgrent_r: %s", strerror(i));
|
||||
.\" exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
|
||||
.\" }
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions, done in a style resembling
|
||||
the POSIX version of functions like
|
||||
.BR getpwnam_r (3).
|
||||
Other systems use prototype
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
struct group *
|
||||
getgrent_r(struct group *grp, char *buf, int buflen);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
or, better,
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
int
|
||||
getgrent_r(struct group *grp, char *buf, int buflen,
|
||||
FILE **gr_fp);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The function
|
||||
.BR getgrent_r ()
|
||||
is not really reentrant since it shares the reading position
|
||||
in the stream with all other threads.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fgetgrent (3),
|
||||
.BR getgrent (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ is smaller than the total number of groups found, then
|
|||
returns a value of `\-1'.
|
||||
In all cases the actual number of groups is stored in
|
||||
.RI * ngroups .
|
||||
.SH "VERSIONS"
|
||||
This function is present since glibc 2.2.4.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is non-standard; it appears on most BSDs.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The glibc 2.3.2 implementation of this function is broken:
|
||||
it overwrites memory when the actual number of groups is larger than
|
||||
.RI * ngroups .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is non-standard; it appears on most BSDs.
|
||||
.SH "VERSIONS"
|
||||
This function is present since glibc 2.2.4.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
/* This crashes with glibc 2.3.2 */
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -251,14 +251,14 @@ is AF_INET6.
|
|||
This is an array of one or more pointers to network address structures for the
|
||||
network host.
|
||||
The array is terminated by a null pointer.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
RFC\ 2553.
|
||||
.\" Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
These functions have been present in glibc 2.1.91-95, but were
|
||||
removed again.
|
||||
Several Unix-like systems support them, but all
|
||||
call them deprecated.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
RFC\ 2553.
|
||||
.\" Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR getaddrinfo (3),
|
||||
.BR getnameinfo (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -103,6 +103,13 @@ or
|
|||
is NULL, or
|
||||
.I stream
|
||||
is not valid).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Both
|
||||
.BR getline ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR getdelim ()
|
||||
are GNU extensions.
|
||||
They are available since libc 4.6.27.
|
||||
.SH "EXAMPLE"
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
#define _GNU_SOURCE
|
||||
|
@ -128,13 +135,6 @@ main(void)
|
|||
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Both
|
||||
.BR getline ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR getdelim ()
|
||||
are GNU extensions.
|
||||
They are available since libc 4.6.27.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR read (2),
|
||||
.BR fgets (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -174,6 +174,8 @@ suitable for error reporting.
|
|||
/etc/nsswitch.conf
|
||||
.br
|
||||
/etc/resolv.conf
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
RFC\ 2553, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
In order to assist the programmer in choosing reasonable sizes
|
||||
for the supplied buffers,
|
||||
|
@ -223,8 +225,6 @@ reverse address mapping.
|
|||
printf("host=%s\en", hbuf);
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.RE
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
RFC\ 2553, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR getaddrinfo (3),
|
||||
.BR gethostbyaddr (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -293,6 +293,36 @@ wildcard expansion and so should not be considered as options.
|
|||
This behaviour was removed in
|
||||
.B bash
|
||||
version 2.01, but the support remains in GNU libc.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.BR getopt ():
|
||||
POSIX.2 and POSIX.1-2001,
|
||||
provided the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is set.
|
||||
Otherwise, the elements of \fIargv\fP aren't really const, because we
|
||||
permute them.
|
||||
We pretend they're const in the prototype to be
|
||||
compatible with other systems.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
On some older implementations,
|
||||
.BR getopt ()
|
||||
was declared in
|
||||
.IR <stdio.h> .
|
||||
SUSv1 permitted the declaration to appear in either
|
||||
.I <unistd.h>
|
||||
or
|
||||
.IR <stdio.h> .
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001 marked the use of
|
||||
.I <stdio.h>
|
||||
for this purpose as LEGACY.
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001 does not allow the declaration to appear in
|
||||
.IR <stdio.h> .
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The POSIX.2 specification of
|
||||
.BR getopt ()
|
||||
has a technical error described in POSIX.2 Interpretation 150.
|
||||
The GNU
|
||||
implementation (and probably all other implementations) implements the
|
||||
correct behaviour rather than that specified.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
The following trivial example program uses
|
||||
.BR getopt ()
|
||||
|
@ -431,36 +461,6 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
|
|||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The POSIX.2 specification of
|
||||
.BR getopt ()
|
||||
has a technical error described in POSIX.2 Interpretation 150.
|
||||
The GNU
|
||||
implementation (and probably all other implementations) implements the
|
||||
correct behaviour rather than that specified.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.BR getopt ():
|
||||
POSIX.2 and POSIX.1-2001,
|
||||
provided the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is set.
|
||||
Otherwise, the elements of \fIargv\fP aren't really const, because we
|
||||
permute them.
|
||||
We pretend they're const in the prototype to be
|
||||
compatible with other systems.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
On some older implementations,
|
||||
.BR getopt ()
|
||||
was declared in
|
||||
.IR <stdio.h> .
|
||||
SUSv1 permitted the declaration to appear in either
|
||||
.I <unistd.h>
|
||||
or
|
||||
.IR <stdio.h> .
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001 marked the use of
|
||||
.I <stdio.h>
|
||||
for this purpose as LEGACY.
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001 does not allow the declaration to appear in
|
||||
.IR <stdio.h> .
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR getsubopt (3),
|
||||
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -56,6 +56,15 @@ The function may fail if
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B ENXIO
|
||||
The process does not have a controlling terminal.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.I /dev/tty
|
||||
.\" .SH HISTORY
|
||||
.\" A
|
||||
.\" .BR getpass ()
|
||||
.\" function appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Present in SUSv2, but marked LEGACY.
|
||||
Removed in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
For libc4 and libc5, the prompt is not written to
|
||||
.I /dev/tty
|
||||
|
@ -92,15 +101,6 @@ and _SC_PASS_MAX, and the function
|
|||
.BR getpass ().
|
||||
Libc4 and libc5 have never supported PASS_MAX or _SC_PASS_MAX.
|
||||
Glibc2 accepts _SC_PASS_MAX and returns BUFSIZ (e.g., 8192).
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.I /dev/tty
|
||||
.\" .SH HISTORY
|
||||
.\" A
|
||||
.\" .BR getpass ()
|
||||
.\" function appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Present in SUSv2, but marked LEGACY.
|
||||
Removed in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The calling process should zero the password as soon as possible to avoid
|
||||
leaving the cleartext password visible in the process's address space.
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -102,6 +102,33 @@ No more entries.
|
|||
.B ERANGE
|
||||
Insufficient buffer space supplied.
|
||||
Try again with larger buffer.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions, done in a style resembling
|
||||
the POSIX version of functions like
|
||||
.BR getpwnam_r (3).
|
||||
Other systems use prototype
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
struct passwd *
|
||||
getpwent_r(struct passwd *pwd, char *buf, int buflen);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
or, better,
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
int
|
||||
getpwent_r(struct passwd *pwd, char *buf, int buflen,
|
||||
FILE **pw_fp);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The function
|
||||
.BR getpwent_r ()
|
||||
is not really reentrant since it shares the reading position
|
||||
in the stream with all other threads.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
#define _GNU_SOURCE
|
||||
|
@ -137,33 +164,6 @@ main(void)
|
|||
.\" printf("getpwent_r: %s", strerror(i));
|
||||
.\" exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
.\" }
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions, done in a style resembling
|
||||
the POSIX version of functions like
|
||||
.BR getpwnam_r (3).
|
||||
Other systems use prototype
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
struct passwd *
|
||||
getpwent_r(struct passwd *pwd, char *buf, int buflen);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
or, better,
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
.in +4
|
||||
int
|
||||
getpwent_r(struct passwd *pwd, char *buf, int buflen,
|
||||
FILE **pw_fp);
|
||||
.in
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The function
|
||||
.BR getpwent_r ()
|
||||
is not really reentrant since it shares the reading position
|
||||
in the stream with all other threads.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fgetpwent (3),
|
||||
.BR getpw (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -88,11 +88,6 @@ and
|
|||
sequentially search from the beginning
|
||||
of the file until a matching rpc program name or
|
||||
program number is found, or until end-of-file is encountered.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.PD 0
|
||||
.TP 20
|
||||
.I /etc/rpc
|
||||
.PD
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
A
|
||||
|
@ -100,15 +95,20 @@ A
|
|||
pointer is returned on
|
||||
.SM EOF
|
||||
or error.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.PD 0
|
||||
.TP 20
|
||||
.I /etc/rpc
|
||||
.PD
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
Present on the BSDs, Solaris, and many other systems.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
All information
|
||||
is contained in a static area
|
||||
so it must be copied if it is
|
||||
to be saved.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
Present on the BSDs, Solaris, and many other systems.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR rpc (5),
|
||||
.BR rpcinfo (8),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ can be
|
|||
#define TTY_ON 0x01 /* enable logins (start ty_getty program) */
|
||||
#define TTY_SECURE 0x02 /* allow UID 0 to login */
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
Present on the BSDs, and perhaps other systems.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Under Linux the file
|
||||
.IR /etc/ttys ,
|
||||
and the functions described above, are not used.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
Present on the BSDs, and perhaps other systems.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ttyname (3),
|
||||
.BR ttyslot (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ except that it is documented to be thread-safe (that is, shares
|
|||
a lock with the
|
||||
.BR umask (2)
|
||||
library call).
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
This function is documented but not implemented yet in glibc 2.2.5.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This is a vapourware GNU extension.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
This function is documented but not implemented yet in glibc 2.2.5.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR umask (2)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -110,6 +110,52 @@ and
|
|||
return a pointer to a \fBstruct utmp\fP on success, and NULL on failure.
|
||||
This \fBstruct utmp\fP is allocated in static storage, and may be
|
||||
overwritten by subsequent calls.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
/var/run/utmp database of currently logged-in users
|
||||
.br
|
||||
/var/log/wtmp database of past user logins
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
XPG2, SVr4.
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
In XPG2 and SVID 2 the function
|
||||
.BR pututline ()
|
||||
is documented to return void, and that is what it does on many systems
|
||||
(AIX, HP-UX, Linux libc5).
|
||||
HP-UX introduces a new function
|
||||
.BR _pututline ()
|
||||
with the prototype given above for
|
||||
.BR pututline ()
|
||||
(also found in Linux libc5).
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
All these functions are obsolete now on non-Linux systems.
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001, following SUSv1,
|
||||
does not have any of these functions, but instead uses
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.B #include <utmpx.h>
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *getutxent(void);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *getutxid(const struct utmpx *);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *getutxline(const struct utmpx *);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *pututxline(const struct utmpx *);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B void setutxent(void);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B void endutxent(void);
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
The \fIutmpx\fP structure is a superset of the \fIutmp\fP structure,
|
||||
with additional fields, and larger versions of the existing fields.
|
||||
The corresponding files are often
|
||||
.I /var/*/utmpx
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR /var/*/wtmpx .
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
Linux glibc on the other hand does not use \fIutmpx\fP since its
|
||||
\fIutmp\fP structure is already large enough.
|
||||
The functions \fIgetutxent\fP
|
||||
etc. are aliases for \fIgetutent\fP etc.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
.SS Glibc Notes
|
||||
The above functions are not thread-safe.
|
||||
|
@ -186,52 +232,6 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[])
|
|||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
/var/run/utmp database of currently logged-in users
|
||||
.br
|
||||
/var/log/wtmp database of past user logins
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
XPG2, SVr4.
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
In XPG2 and SVID 2 the function
|
||||
.BR pututline ()
|
||||
is documented to return void, and that is what it does on many systems
|
||||
(AIX, HP-UX, Linux libc5).
|
||||
HP-UX introduces a new function
|
||||
.BR _pututline ()
|
||||
with the prototype given above for
|
||||
.BR pututline ()
|
||||
(also found in Linux libc5).
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
All these functions are obsolete now on non-Linux systems.
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001, following SUSv1,
|
||||
does not have any of these functions, but instead uses
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.B #include <utmpx.h>
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *getutxent(void);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *getutxid(const struct utmpx *);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *getutxline(const struct utmpx *);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B struct utmpx *pututxline(const struct utmpx *);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B void setutxent(void);
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.B void endutxent(void);
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
The \fIutmpx\fP structure is a superset of the \fIutmp\fP structure,
|
||||
with additional fields, and larger versions of the existing fields.
|
||||
The corresponding files are often
|
||||
.I /var/*/utmpx
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR /var/*/wtmpx .
|
||||
.LP
|
||||
Linux glibc on the other hand does not use \fIutmpx\fP since its
|
||||
\fIutmp\fP structure is already large enough.
|
||||
The functions \fIgetutxent\fP
|
||||
etc. are aliases for \fIgetutent\fP etc.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR utmp (5),
|
||||
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ returns the word read, and
|
|||
.BR putw ()
|
||||
returns 0.
|
||||
On error, they return \fBEOF\fP.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The value returned on error is also a legitimate data value.
|
||||
.BR ferror (3)
|
||||
can be used to distinguish between the two cases.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ferror (3),
|
||||
.BR fread (3),
|
||||
|
|
44
man3/glob.3
44
man3/glob.3
|
@ -201,6 +201,28 @@ for a read error, and
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B GLOB_NOMATCH
|
||||
for no found matches.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The structure elements
|
||||
.I gl_pathc
|
||||
and
|
||||
.I gl_offs
|
||||
are declared as
|
||||
.BR size_t
|
||||
in glibc 2.1, as they should according to POSIX.2,
|
||||
but are declared as
|
||||
.I int
|
||||
in libc4, libc5 and glibc 2.0.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR glob ()
|
||||
function may fail due to failure of underlying function calls, such as
|
||||
.BR malloc (3)
|
||||
or
|
||||
.BR opendir (3).
|
||||
These will store their error code in
|
||||
.IR errno .
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
One example of use is the following code, which simulates typing
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
|
@ -219,28 +241,6 @@ globbuf.gl_pathv[0] = "ls";
|
|||
globbuf.gl_pathv[1] = "\-l";
|
||||
execvp("ls", &globbuf.gl_pathv[0]);
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
POSIX.2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH BUGS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR glob ()
|
||||
function may fail due to failure of underlying function calls, such as
|
||||
.BR malloc (3)
|
||||
or
|
||||
.BR opendir (3).
|
||||
These will store their error code in
|
||||
.IR errno .
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The structure elements
|
||||
.I gl_pathc
|
||||
and
|
||||
.I gl_offs
|
||||
are declared as
|
||||
.BR size_t
|
||||
in glibc 2.1, as they should according to POSIX.2,
|
||||
but are declared as
|
||||
.I int
|
||||
in libc4, libc5 and glibc 2.0.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR ls (1),
|
||||
.BR sh (1),
|
||||
|
|
14
man3/inet.3
14
man3/inet.3
|
@ -135,6 +135,13 @@ struct in_addr {
|
|||
Note that on the i80x86 the host byte order is Least Significant Byte
|
||||
first (little endian), whereas the network byte order, as used on the
|
||||
Internet, is Most Significant Byte first (big endian).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.3BSD.
|
||||
.BR inet_addr (),
|
||||
.BR inet_aton (),
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR inet_ntoa ()
|
||||
are specified in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
When you using numbers-and-dots notation for addresses,
|
||||
be aware that each number will be interpreted as octal
|
||||
|
@ -146,13 +153,6 @@ In order to expose the declaration of
|
|||
.BR inet_aton (),
|
||||
one of the feature test macros _BSD_SOURCE, _SVID_SOURCE, or
|
||||
_GNU_SOURCE must be defined.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.3BSD.
|
||||
.BR inet_addr (),
|
||||
.BR inet_aton (),
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR inet_ntoa ()
|
||||
are specified in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR gethostbyname (3),
|
||||
.BR getnetent (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -48,13 +48,6 @@ The value of \fIerror\fP can be ERANGE
|
|||
to represent infinity or anything else to represent NaN.
|
||||
\fIerrno\fP
|
||||
is also set.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
This obsolete function was provided in
|
||||
.I libc4
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR libc5 ,
|
||||
but is not available in
|
||||
.IR glibc2 .
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
If \fIerror\fP is ERANGE (Infinity), HUGE_VAL is returned.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
|
@ -70,3 +63,10 @@ The value of \fIerror\fP is "not-a-number" (NaN).
|
|||
The value of \fIerror\fP is positive or negative infinity.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.3BSD
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
This obsolete function was provided in
|
||||
.I libc4
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR libc5 ,
|
||||
but is not available in
|
||||
.IR glibc2 .
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ true if x or y is NaN.
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
isunordered()
|
||||
is true if x or y is NaN and false otherwise.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Not all hardware supports these functions, and where it doesn't, they
|
||||
will be emulated by macros.
|
||||
This will give you a performance penalty.
|
||||
Don't use these functions if NaN is of no concern for you.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C99
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR fpclassify (3),
|
||||
.BR isnan (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ The function
|
|||
.BR key_secretkey_is_set ()
|
||||
can be used to determine whether a key has been
|
||||
set for the effective UID of the calling process.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
These functions return 1 on success and 0 on failure.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
Note that we talk about two types of encryption here.
|
||||
One is asymmetric using a public and secret key.
|
||||
|
@ -60,7 +62,5 @@ The other is symmetric, the
|
|||
64-bit DES.
|
||||
.br
|
||||
The routines were part of the linux/doors-project, abandoned by now.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
These functions return 1 on success and 0 on failure.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR crypt (3)
|
||||
|
|
24
man3/login.3
24
man3/login.3
|
@ -86,6 +86,18 @@ The
|
|||
.BR logout ()
|
||||
function returns 1 if the entry was successfully written to the
|
||||
database, or 0 if an error occurred.
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.I /var/run/utmp
|
||||
user accounting database, configured through _PATH_UTMP in
|
||||
.I <paths.h>
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.I /var/log/wtmp
|
||||
user accounting log file, configured through _PATH_WTMP in
|
||||
.I <paths.h>
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
Present on the BSDs.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
These functions are included in libutil, hence you'll need to add
|
||||
.B \-lutil
|
||||
|
@ -105,18 +117,6 @@ is defined as an alias for
|
|||
.I ut_user
|
||||
in
|
||||
.IR <utmp.h> .
|
||||
.SH FILES
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.I /var/run/utmp
|
||||
user accounting database, configured through _PATH_UTMP in
|
||||
.I <paths.h>
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.I /var/log/wtmp
|
||||
user accounting log file, configured through _PATH_WTMP in
|
||||
.I <paths.h>
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
Not in POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
Present on the BSDs.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR getutent (3),
|
||||
.BR utmp (5)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ sets \fIerrno\fP appropriately.
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B ENOMEM
|
||||
Insufficient stack space left.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The interpretation of \fIucp->uc_stack\fP is just as in
|
||||
.BR sigaltstack (2),
|
||||
|
@ -100,8 +102,6 @@ to be used as the stack, regardless of the direction of growth of
|
|||
the stack.
|
||||
Thus, it is not necessary for the user program to
|
||||
worry about this direction.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SUSv2, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
The example program below demonstrates the use of
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ The variable
|
|||
points at a function that is called each time after
|
||||
.BR sbrk (2)
|
||||
was asked for more memory.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH "EXAMPLE"
|
||||
Here is a short example of how to use these variables.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
|
@ -123,8 +125,6 @@ my_malloc_hook(size_t size, const void *caller)
|
|||
return result;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These functions are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR mallinfo (3),
|
||||
.BR malloc (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ type arguments and copies
|
|||
wide characters.
|
||||
.SH "RETURN VALUE"
|
||||
\fIdest\fP + \fIn\fP .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is a GNU extension.
|
||||
.SH "EXAMPLE"
|
||||
.nf
|
||||
void *
|
||||
|
@ -59,8 +61,6 @@ combine(void *o1, size_t s1, void *o2, size_t s2)
|
|||
return result;
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is a GNU extension.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR memccpy (3),
|
||||
.BR memcpy (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ Now \fItemplate\fP is unchanged.
|
|||
Also see
|
||||
.BR mkdir (2)
|
||||
for other possible values for \fIerrno\fP.
|
||||
.SH VERSIONS
|
||||
Available since glibc 2.1.91.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is present on the BSDs.
|
||||
.\" As at 2006, this function is being considered for a revision of POSIX.1
|
||||
.\" Also in NetBSD 1.4.
|
||||
.SH VERSIONS
|
||||
Available since glibc 2.1.91.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR mkdir (2),
|
||||
.BR mkstemp (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -91,20 +91,20 @@ is not a valid file descriptor.
|
|||
is a relative path and
|
||||
.I dirfd
|
||||
is a file descriptor referring to a file other than a directory.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
See
|
||||
.BR openat (2)
|
||||
for an explanation of the need for
|
||||
.BR mkfifoat ().
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is non-standard but is proposed
|
||||
for inclusion in a future revision of POSIX.1.
|
||||
.SH VERSIONS
|
||||
.BR mkfifoat ()
|
||||
was added to glibc in version 2.4.
|
||||
It is implemented using
|
||||
.BR mknod (2),
|
||||
available on Linux since kernel 2.6.16.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
This function is non-standard but is proposed
|
||||
for inclusion in a future revision of POSIX.1.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
See
|
||||
.BR openat (2)
|
||||
for an explanation of the need for
|
||||
.BR mkfifoat ().
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR openat (2),
|
||||
.BR path_resolution (2),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ Now the contents of \fItemplate\fP are undefined.
|
|||
.B EINVAL
|
||||
The last six characters of \fItemplate\fP were not XXXXXX.
|
||||
Now \fItemplate\fP is unchanged.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The old behaviour (creating a file with mode 0666) may be
|
||||
a security risk, especially since other Unix flavours use 0600,
|
||||
|
@ -87,8 +89,6 @@ The prototype is in
|
|||
.I <unistd.h>
|
||||
for libc4, libc5, glibc1; glibc2 follows POSIX.1 and has the prototype in
|
||||
.IR <stdlib.h> .
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR mkdtemp (3),
|
||||
.BR mktemp (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -39,10 +39,6 @@ to this message queue via
|
|||
.IR mqdes ,
|
||||
then this request is removed,
|
||||
and another process can now attach a notification request.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
All open message queues are automatically closed on process termination,
|
||||
or upon
|
||||
.BR execve (2).
|
||||
.SH RETURN VALUE
|
||||
On success
|
||||
.BR mq_close ()
|
||||
|
@ -57,6 +53,10 @@ The descriptor specified in
|
|||
is invalid.
|
||||
.SH CONFORMING TO
|
||||
POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
All open message queues are automatically closed on process termination,
|
||||
or upon
|
||||
.BR execve (2).
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR mq_getattr (3),
|
||||
.BR mq_notify (3),
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ This file must be writable to the user or
|
|||
.BR mtrace ()
|
||||
will do nothing.
|
||||
If the file is not empty it will be truncated.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The output of
|
||||
.BR mtrace ()
|
||||
will be ASCII but not in a friendly format.
|
||||
So glibc comes with a perl-script called mtrace to make sense of it.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
These are GNU extensions.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR malloc (3),
|
||||
.BR malloc_hook (3)
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ A compiler error will result if
|
|||
.BR offsetof ()
|
||||
returns the offset of the given element within the
|
||||
given type, in units of bytes.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLE
|
||||
On a Linux/x86 system, when compiled using the default
|
||||
.BR gcc (1)
|
||||
|
@ -88,8 +90,6 @@ main(void)
|
|||
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
|
||||
}
|
||||
.fi
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.\" .SH SEE ALSO
|
||||
.\" FIXME . When one day readdir_r(3) is documented, it should have
|
||||
.\" a SEE ALSO that refers to this page.
|
||||
|
|
|
@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ Insufficient memory to complete the operation.
|
|||
.TP
|
||||
.B ENOTDIR
|
||||
\fIname\fP is not a directory.
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
The underlying file descriptor of the directory stream can be obtained using
|
||||
.BR dirfd (3).
|
||||
.SH "CONFORMING TO"
|
||||
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
|
||||
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||||
.BR open (2),
|
||||
.BR closedir (3),
|
||||
|
|
Some files were not shown because too many files have changed in this diff Show More
Loading…
Reference in New Issue