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Rewrite, expand, and update to 2.6.22 state of affairs.
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Michael Kerrisk
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man2/syscalls.2
914
man2/syscalls.2
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@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
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.\" Copyright (C) 2007 Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
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.\" with some input from Stepan Kasal <kasal@ucw.cz>
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.\"
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.\" Some content retained from an earlier version of this page:
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.\" Copyright (C) 1998 Andries Brouwer (aeb@cwi.nl)
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.\" Modifications for 2.2 and 2.4 Copyright (C) 2002 Ian Redfern
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.\" <redferni@logica.com>
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@ -22,235 +26,488 @@
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.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
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.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
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.\"
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.TH SYSCALLS 2 2002-01-07 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.TH SYSCALLS 2 2007-07-07 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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none \- list of all system calls
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syscalls \- Linux system calls
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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Linux 2.4 system calls.
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Linux system calls.
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The system call is the fundamental interface between an application
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and the Linux kernel.
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As of Linux 2.4.17, there are 1100 system calls
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listed in
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.IR /usr/src/linux/include/asm-*/unistd.h .
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This man page lists those that are common to most platforms.
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_llseek(2),
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_newselect(2),
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_sysctl(2),
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accept(2),
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access(2),
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acct(2),
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adjtimex(2),
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afs_syscall,
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alarm(2),
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bdflush(2),
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bind(2),
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break,
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brk(2),
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cacheflush(2),
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capget(2),
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capset(2),
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chdir(2),
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chmod(2),
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chown(2), chown32,
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chroot(2),
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clone(2),
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close(2),
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connect(2),
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creat(2),
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create_module(2),
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delete_module(2),
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dup(2),
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dup2(2),
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execve(2),
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exit(2),
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fchdir(2),
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fchmod(2),
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fchown(2), fchown32,
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fcntl(2), fcntl64,
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fdatasync(2),
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flock(2),
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fork(2),
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fstat(2), fstat64,
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fstatfs(2),
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fsync(2),
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ftime,
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ftruncate(2), ftruncate64,
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get\%_kernel\%_syms(2),
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get\%cwd(2),
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get\%dents(2), get\%dents64,
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get\%egid(2), get\%egid32,
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get\%euid(2), get\%euid32,
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get\%gid(2), get\%gid32,
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get\%groups(2), get\%groups32,
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get\%itimer(2),
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get\%pagesize(2),
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get\%peername(2),
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get\%pmsg,
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get\%pgid(2),
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get\%pgrp(2),
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get\%pid(2),
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get\%ppid(2),
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get\%priority(2),
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get\%resgid(2), get\%resgid32,
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get\%resuid(2), get\%resuid32,
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get\%rlimit(2),
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get\%rusage(2),
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get\%sid(2),
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get\%sockname(2),
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get\%sockopt(2),
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get\%tid,
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get\%timeofday(2),
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get\%uid(2), get\%uid32,
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gtty,
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idle,
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init_module(2),
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ioctl(2),
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io\%perm(2),
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iopl(2),
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ipc(2),
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kill(2),
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lchown(2), lchown32,
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link(2),
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listen(2),
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lock,
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lseek(2),
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lstat(2), lstat64,
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madvise(2),
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mincore(2),
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mkdir(2),
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mknod(2),
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mlock(2),
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mlockall(2),
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mmap(2),
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modify_ldt(2),
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mount(2),
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mprotect(2),
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mpx,
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mremap(2),
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msync(2),
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munlock(2),
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munlockall(2),
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munmap(2),
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nanosleep(2),
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nfsservctl(2),
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nice(2),
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oldfstat, oldlstat, oldolduname, oldstat, oldumount, olduname,
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open(2),
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pause(2),
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personality(2),
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phys,
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pipe(2),
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pivot_root(2),
|
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poll(2),
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prctl(2),
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pread(2),
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prof, profil,
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ptrace(2),
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putpmsg,
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pwrite(2),
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query_module(2),
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quotactl(2),
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read(2),
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readahead,
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readdir(2),
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readlink(2),
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readv(2),
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reboot(2),
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recv(2), recvfrom(2), recvmsg(2),
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rename(2),
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rmdir(2),
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rt_sigaction,
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rt_sigpending,
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rt_sigprocmask,
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rt_sigqueueinfo,
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rt_sigreturn,
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rt_sigsuspend,
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rt_sigtimedwait,
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sched_\%get_\%priority_max(2),
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sched_\%get_\%priority_min(2),
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sched_\%get\%param(2),
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sched_\%get\%scheduler(2),
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sched_\%rr_\%get_\%interval(2),
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sched_\%set\%param(2),
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sched_\%set\%scheduler(2),
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sched_\%yield(2),
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security,
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select(2),
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sendfile(2),
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send(2), sendmsg(2), sendto(2),
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set\%domainname(2),
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set\%fsgid(2), set\%fsgid32,
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set\%fsuid(2), set\%fsuid32,
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set\%gid(2), set\%gid32,
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set\%groups(2), set\%groups32,
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set\%hostname(2),
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set\%itimer(2),
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set\%pgid(2),
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set\%priority(2),
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set\%regid(2), set\%regid32,
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set\%resgid(2), set\%resgid32,
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set\%resuid(2), set\%resuid32,
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set\%reuid(2), set\%reuid32,
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set\%rlimit(2),
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set\%sid(2),
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set\%sockopt(2),
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set\%timeofday(2),
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set\%uid(2), set\%uid32,
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setup(2),
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sgetmask(2),
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shutdown(2),
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sigaction(2),
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sigaltstack(2),
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signal(2),
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sigpending(2),
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sigprocmask(2),
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sigreturn(2),
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sigsuspend(2),
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socket(2),
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socketcall(2),
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socketpair(2),
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ssetmask(2),
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stat(2), stat64,
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statfs(2),
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stime(2),
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stty,
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swapoff(2),
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swapon(2),
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symlink(2),
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sync(2),
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sysfs(2),
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sysinfo(2),
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syslog(2),
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time(2),
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times(2),
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truncate(2), truncate64,
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ulimit,
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umask(2),
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umount(2),
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uname(2),
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unlink(2),
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uselib(2),
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ustat(2),
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utime(2),
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vfork(2),
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vhangup(2),
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vm86(2),
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vm86old,
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wait4(2),
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waitpid(2),
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write(2),
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writev(2).
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Of the above, 9 are obsolete, namely
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getrlimit, oldfstat, oldlstat, oldolduname, oldstat, olduname,
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readdir, select and vm86old
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This man page lists those system calls that are common to most platforms.
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In the list, the
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.I Kernel
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column indicates the kernel version
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for those system calls that were new in Linux 2.2,
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or have appeared since that kernel version.
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Note the following points:
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.IP * 3
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Where no kernel version is indicated,
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the system call appeared in kernel 2.0 or earlier.
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.IP *
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Where a system call is marked "2.2"
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this means the system call probably appeared in a 2.1.x kernel version,
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and first appeared in a stable kernel with 2.2.0.
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(No new system calls were added in the stable
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kernel 2.0.x series.
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The 2.2 kernel was created as a branch of kernel 2.0.21 via the 2.1.x
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unstable kernel series)
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.IP *
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Where a system call is marked "2.4"
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this means the system call probably appeared in a 2.3.x kernel version,
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and first appeared in a stable kernel with 2.4.0.
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(No new system calls were added in the stable
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kernel 2.2.x series.
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The 2.4 kernel was created as a branch of kernel 2.2.8 via the 2.3.x
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unstable kernel series.)
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.IP *
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Where a system call is marked "2.6"
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this means the system call probably appeared in a 2.5.x kernel version,
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and first appeared in a stable kernel with 2.6.0.
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.IP *
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Starting with kernel 2.6.0, the development model changed,
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and new system calls may appear in each 2.6.x release.
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Kernel 2.6.0 was formed from a branch of kernel 2.4.15 via the 2.5.x
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unstable kernel series.
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In some cases, a system call appeared in 2.6.x and was also backported
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into a 2.4.x release after 2.4.15;
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where this is so, the version where the system call appeared
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in both of the major kernel series is listed.
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(Where a system call is listed as appearing in kernel 2.4.x, x <= 15,
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then implicitly it also appeared in the later kernel 2.6.0.)
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.PP
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The list of system calls that are available as at kernel 2.6.22
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(or in a few cases only on older kernels) is as follows:
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.\"
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.\" Looking at scripts/checksyscalls.sh in the kernel source is
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.\" instructive about i386 specifics.
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.\"
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.TS
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l l l
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---
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l l l.
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System call Kernel Notes
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\fB_llseek\fP(2)
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\fB_newselect\fP(2)
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\fB_sysctl\fP(2)
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\fBaccept\fP(2)
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\fBaccess\fP(2)
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\fBacct\fP(2)
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\fBadd_key\fP(2) 2.6.11
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\fBadjtimex\fP(2)
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\fBafs_syscall\fP(2)
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\fBalarm\fP(2)
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.\" alloc_hugepages (2) appeared in 2.5.36 and went away in 2.5.44
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.\" in 2.4.x, the syscall number exists but give ENOSYS
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\fBbdflush\fP(2)
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\fBbind\fP(2)
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\fBbreak\fP(2)
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\fBbrk\fP(2)
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\fBcacheflush\fP(2) Various architectures;
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but not on i386
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\fBcapget\fP(2) 2.2
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\fBcapset\fP(2) 2.2
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\fBchdir\fP(2)
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\fBchmod\fP(2)
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\fBchown\fP(2)
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\fBchown32\fP(2) 2.4
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\fBchroot\fP(2)
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\fBclock_getres\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBclock_gettime\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBclock_nanosleep\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBclock_settime\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBclone\fP(2)
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\fBclose\fP(2)
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\fBconnect\fP(2)
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\fBcreat\fP(2)
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\fBcreate_module\fP(2)
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\fBdelete_module\fP(2)
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\fBdup\fP(2)
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\fBdup2\fP(2)
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\fBepoll_create\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBepoll_ctl\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBepoll_pwait\fP(2) 2.6.19
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\fBepoll_wait\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBeventfd\fP(2) 2.6.22
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\fBexecve\fP(2)
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\fBexit\fP(2)
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\fBexit_group\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
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\fBfaccessat\fP(2) 2.6.16
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\fBfadvise64\fP(2) 2.6 Implements \fBposix_fadvise\fP(2)
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\fBfadvise64_64\fP(2) 2.6 Implements \fBposix_fadvise\fP(2)
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\fBfchdir\fP(2)
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\fBfchmod\fP(2)
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\fBfchmodat\fP(2) 2.6.16
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\fBfchown\fP(2)
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\fBfchown32\fP(2) 2.4
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\fBfchownat\fP(2) 2.6.16
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\fBfcntl\fP(2)
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\fBfcntl64\fP(2) 2.4
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\fBfdatasync\fP(2)
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\fBfgetxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
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\fBflistxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
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\fBflock\fP(2)
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\fBfork\fP(2)
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.\" free_hugepages (2) appeared in 2.5.36 and went away in 2.5.44
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.\" in 2.4.x, the syscall number exists but give ENOSYS
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\fBfremovexattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
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\fBfsetxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
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\fBfstat\fP(2)
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\fBfstat64\fP(2) 2.4
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\fBfstatat64\fP(2) 2.6.16?
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\fBfstatfs\fP(2)
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\fBfstatfs64\fP(2) 2.6
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\fBfsync\fP(2)
|
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\fBftime\fP(2) Implemented in glibc;
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||||
see \fBftime\fP(3)
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\fBftruncate\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBftruncate64\fP(2) 2.4
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||||
\fBfutex\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.19
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||||
\fBfutimesat\fP(2) 2.6.16
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||||
\fBget_kernel_syms\fP(2)
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||||
\fBget_mempolicy\fP(2) 2.6.6
|
||||
\fBget_robust_list\fP(2) 2.6.17
|
||||
\fBget_thread_area\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
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\fBgetcpu\fP(2) 2.6.19
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||||
\fBgetcwd\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBgetdents\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetdents64\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgetegid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetegid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgeteuid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgeteuid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgetgid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetgid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgetgroups\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetgroups32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgetitimer\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetpeername\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetpagesize\fP(2) Various architectures;
|
||||
but not on i386
|
||||
\fBgetpgid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetpgrp\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetpid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetpmsg\fP(2) 2.2 Reserved for STREAMS support
|
||||
\fBgetppid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetpriority\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetresgid\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBgetresgid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgetresuid\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBgetresuid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgetrlimit\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetrusage\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetsid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetsockname\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetsockopt\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgettid\fP(2) 2.4.11
|
||||
\fBgettimeofday\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetuid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBgetuid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBgetxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBgtty\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBidle\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBinit_module\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBinotify_add_watch\fP(2) 2.6.13
|
||||
\fBinotify_init\fP(2) 2.6.13
|
||||
\fBinotify_rm_watch\fP(2) 2.6.13
|
||||
\fBio_cancel\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
|
||||
\fBio_destroy\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
|
||||
\fBio_getevents\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
|
||||
\fBio_setup\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
|
||||
\fBio_submit\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
|
||||
\fBioctl\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBioperm\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBiopl\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBioprio_get\fP(2) 2.6.13
|
||||
\fBioprio_set\fP(2) 2.6.13
|
||||
\fBipc\fP(2) Implements System V IPC calls
|
||||
\fBkexec_load\fP(2) 2.6.7 Was named sys_kexec_load()
|
||||
from 2.6.7 to 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBkeyctl\fP(2) 2.6.11
|
||||
\fBkill\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBlchown\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBlchown32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBlgetxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBlink\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBlinkat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBlisten\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBlistxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBllistxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBlock\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBlookup_dcookie\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBlremovexattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBlseek\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBlsetxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBlstat\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBlstat64\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBmadvise\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBmadvise1\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBmbind\fP(2) 2.6.6
|
||||
.\" \fBmemory_ordering\fP(2) ??? Sparc64
|
||||
\fBmigrate_pages\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBmincore\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBmkdir\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmkdirat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBmknod\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmknodat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBmlock\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmlockall\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmmap\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmmap2\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBmodify_ldt\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmount\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmove_pages\fP(2) 2.6.18
|
||||
\fBmprotect\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmpx\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmq_getsetattr\fP(2) 2.6.6 Implements \fBmq_getattr\fP(3)
|
||||
and \fBmq_setattr\fP(3)
|
||||
\fBmq_notify\fP(2) 2.6.6
|
||||
\fBmq_open\fP(2) 2.6.6
|
||||
\fBmq_timedreceive\fP(2) 2.6.6
|
||||
\fBmq_timedsend\fP(2) 2.6.6
|
||||
\fBmq_unlink\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmremap\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmsgctl\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmsgget\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmsgrcv\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmsgsnd\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmsync\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmunlock\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmunlockall\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBmunmap\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBnanosleep\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBnfsservctl\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBnice\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBoldfstat\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBoldlstat\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBoldolduname\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBoldstat\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBolduname\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBopen\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBopenat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBpause\fP(2)
|
||||
.\" \fBpciconfig_iobase\fP(2) ??? Alpha, PowerPC, ARM
|
||||
.\" \fBpciconfig_read\fP(2) ??? Alpha, PowerPC, ARM
|
||||
.\" \fBpciconfig_write\fP(2) ??? Alpha, PowerPC, ARM
|
||||
\fBpersonality\fP(2)
|
||||
.\" \fBperfctr\fP(2) ??? Sparc32, Sparc64
|
||||
.\" \fBperfmonctl\fP(2) ??? IA-64
|
||||
\fBphys\fP(2) Unimplemented (no slot
|
||||
since 2.1.116)
|
||||
\fBpipe\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBpivot_root\fP(2) 2.5
|
||||
\fBpoll\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBppoll\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBprctl\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBpread64\fP(2) Added as "pread" in 2.2;
|
||||
renamed "pread64" in 2.6
|
||||
\fBprof\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBprofil\fP(2) Implemented in glibc;
|
||||
see \fBprofil\fP(3)
|
||||
\fBpselect6\fP(2) 2.6.16 Implements \fBpselect\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBptrace\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBputpmsg\fP(2) 2.2 Reserved for STREAMS support
|
||||
\fBpwrite64\fP(2) Added as "pwrite" in 2.2;
|
||||
renamed "pwrite64" in 2.6
|
||||
\fBquery_module\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBquotactl\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBread\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBreadahead\fP(2) 2.4.13
|
||||
\fBreaddir\fP(2) Superseded by \fBgetdents\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBreadlink\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBreadlinkat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBreadv\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBreboot\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBrecv\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBrecvfrom\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBrecvmsg\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBremap_file_pages\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBremovexattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBrename\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBrenameat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBrequest_key\fP(2) 2.6.11
|
||||
\fBrestart_syscall\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBrmdir\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBrt_sigaction\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBrt_sigpending\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBrt_sigprocmask\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBrt_sigqueueinfo\fP(2) 2.2 Implements \fBsigqueue\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBrt_sigreturn\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBrt_sigsuspend\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBrt_sigtimedwait\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBsched_get_priority_max\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsched_get_priority_min\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsched_getaffinity\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.19
|
||||
\fBsched_getparam\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsched_getscheduler\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsched_rr_get_interval\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsched_setaffinity\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.19
|
||||
\fBsched_setparam\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsched_setscheduler\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsched_yield\fP(2)
|
||||
.\" 2.4.11 added security(2), but this was dropped in 2.5.x
|
||||
.\" \fBsecurity\fP(2)
|
||||
.\" (2.4.11; not in 2.6)
|
||||
\fBselect\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsemctl\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsemget\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsemop\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsemtimedop\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.22
|
||||
\fBsend\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsendfile\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBsendfile64\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.19
|
||||
\fBsendmsg\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsendto\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBset_mempolicy\fP(2) 2.6.6
|
||||
\fBset_robust_list\fP(2) 2.6.17
|
||||
\fBset_thread_area\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.20
|
||||
\fBset_tid_address\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBset_zone_reclaim\fP(2) 2.6.13 Removed in 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBsetdomainname\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetfsgid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetfsgid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetfsuid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetfsuid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetgid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetgid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetgroups\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetgroups32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsethostname\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetitimer\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetpgid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetpriority\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetregid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetregid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetresgid\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBsetresgid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetresuid\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBsetresuid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetreuid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetreuid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetrlimit\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetsid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetsockopt\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsettimeofday\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetuid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsetuid32\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBsetup\fP(2) Removed in 2.2
|
||||
\fBsetxattr\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.18
|
||||
\fBsgetmask\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBshmat\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBshmctl\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBshmdt\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBshmget\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBshutdown\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsigaction\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsigaltstack\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
\fBsignal\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsignalfd\fP(2) 2.6.22
|
||||
\fBsigpending\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsigprocmask\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsigreturn\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsigsuspend\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsocket\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsocketcall\fP(2) Implements BSD socket calls
|
||||
\fBsocketpair\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsplice\fP(2) 2.6.17
|
||||
.\" \fBspu_create\fP(2) 2.6.16 PowerPC only
|
||||
.\" \fBspu_run\fP(2) 2.6.16 PowerPC only
|
||||
\fBssetmask\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBstat\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBstat64\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBstatfs\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBstatfs64\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBstime\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBstty\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBswapoff\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBswapon\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsymlink\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsymlinkat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBsync\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsync_file_range\fP(2) 2.6.17
|
||||
\fBsysfs\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsysinfo\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBsyslog\fP(2) glibc interface is \fBklogctl\fP(3)
|
||||
\fBtee\fP(2) 2.6.17
|
||||
\fBtgkill\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBtime\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBtimer_create\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBtimer_delete\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBtimer_getoverrun\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBtimer_gettime\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBtimer_settime\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBtimerfd\fP(2) 2.6.22
|
||||
\fBtimes\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBtkill\fP(2) 2.6; 2.4.22
|
||||
\fBtruncate\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBtruncate64\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBugetrlimit\fP(2) 2.4
|
||||
\fBulimit\fP(2) Implemented in glibc;
|
||||
see \fBulimit\fP(3)
|
||||
\fBumask\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBumount\fP(2)
|
||||
.\" sys_oldumount() -- __NR_umount
|
||||
\fBumount2\fP(2) 2.2
|
||||
.\" sys_umount() -- __NR_umount2
|
||||
\fBuname\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBunlink\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBunlinkat\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBunshare\fP(2) 2.6.16
|
||||
\fBuselib\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBustat\fP(2)
|
||||
\fButime\fP(2)
|
||||
\fButimensat\fP(2) 2.6.22
|
||||
\fButimes\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBvfork\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBvhangup\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBvm86old\fP(2) Superseded by \fBvm86\fP()
|
||||
\fBvmsplice\fP(2) 2.6.17
|
||||
\fBvserver\fP(2) 2.6
|
||||
\fBwait4\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBwaitid\fP(2) 2.6.10
|
||||
\fBwaitpid\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBwrite\fP(2)
|
||||
\fBwritev\fP(2)
|
||||
.TE
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Note the following points:
|
||||
.\" .IP * 3
|
||||
.\" These system calls are obsolete:
|
||||
.\" getrlimit,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" oldfstat,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" oldlstat,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" oldolduname,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" oldstat,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" olduname,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" readdir,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" select,
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" and
|
||||
.\" .\" .\" vm86old
|
||||
.IP * 3
|
||||
Although slots are reserved for them in the system call table,
|
||||
the following system calls are not implemented in the standard kernel:
|
||||
.BR afs_syscall (2), \" __NR_afs_syscall is 53 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR break (2), \" __NR_break is 17 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR ftime (2), \" __NR_ftime is 35 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR getpmsg (2), \" __NR_getpmsg is 188 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR gtty (2), \" __NR_gtty is 32 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR idle (2), \" __NR_idle is 112 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR lock (2), \" __NR_lock is 53 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR madvise1 (2), \" __NR_madvise1 is 219 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR mpx (2), \" __NR_mpx is 66 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR phys (2), \" Slot has been re-used
|
||||
.BR prof (2), \" __NR_prof is 44 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR profil (2), \" __NR_profil is 98 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR putpmsg (2), \" __NR_putpmsg is 189 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR security (2),
|
||||
.\" __NR_putpmsg is 223 on Linux 2.4/i386; absent on 2.6/i386, present
|
||||
.\" on a a couple og 2.6 architectures
|
||||
.BR stty (2), \" __NR_stty is 31 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
.BR ulimit (2), \" __NR_ulimit is 58 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR vserver (2) \" __NR_vserver is 273 on Linux 2.6.22/i386
|
||||
(see also
|
||||
.BR obsolete (2)),
|
||||
and 15 are unimplemented in the standard kernel, namely
|
||||
afs_syscall, break, ftime, getpmsg, gtty, idle, lock, mpx, phys,
|
||||
prof, profil, putpmsg, security, stty and ulimit (see also
|
||||
.BR unimplemented (2)).
|
||||
However,
|
||||
.BR ftime (3),
|
||||
|
|
@ -258,13 +515,21 @@ However,
|
|||
and
|
||||
.BR ulimit (3)
|
||||
exist as library routines.
|
||||
The slot for phys is in use since 2.1.116 for umount;
|
||||
phys will never be implemented.
|
||||
The getpmsg and putpmsg calls are for
|
||||
kernels patched to support streams, and may never be in the standard
|
||||
kernel.
|
||||
The security call is for future use.
|
||||
|
||||
The slot for
|
||||
.BR phys (2)
|
||||
is in use since kernel 2.1.116 for
|
||||
.BR umount (2);
|
||||
.BR phys (2)
|
||||
will never be implemented.
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
The
|
||||
.BR getpmsg (2)
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR putpmsg (2)
|
||||
calls are for kernels patched to support STREAMS,
|
||||
and may never be in the standard kernel.
|
||||
.\" The security call is for future use.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Roughly speaking, the code belonging to the system call
|
||||
with number __NR_xxx defined in
|
||||
.I /usr/include/asm/unistd.h
|
||||
|
|
@ -279,52 +544,169 @@ On platforms with
|
|||
proprietary OS emulation, such as parisc, sparc, sparc64 and alpha,
|
||||
there are many additional system calls; mips64 also contains a full
|
||||
set of 32-bit system calls.
|
||||
Below the details for Linux 2.4.17.
|
||||
|
||||
The defines __NR_oldstat and __NR_stat refer to the routines
|
||||
sys_stat() and sys_newstat(), and similarly for
|
||||
.I fstat
|
||||
Over time, changes to the interfaces of some system calls have been
|
||||
necessary.
|
||||
One reason for such changes was the need to increase the size of
|
||||
structures or scalar values passed to the system call.
|
||||
Because of these changes, there are now multiple implementations
|
||||
of certain system calls.
|
||||
These different versions are incompatible at the binary level,
|
||||
but applications are generally unaware of this: glibc does some magic
|
||||
to ensure that existing binaries use the version of the system
|
||||
call that was current when the binary was created,
|
||||
so that ABI compatibility is preserved.
|
||||
Examples of systems calls that exist in multiple versions are
|
||||
the following:
|
||||
.IP * 3
|
||||
By now there are three different implementations of
|
||||
.BR stat (2):
|
||||
.IR sys_stat ()
|
||||
(slot
|
||||
.IR __NR_oldstat ),
|
||||
.IR sys_newstat ()
|
||||
(slot
|
||||
.IR __NR_stat ),
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR lstat .
|
||||
Similarly, the defines __NR_oldolduname, __NR_olduname and
|
||||
__NR_uname refer to the routines sys_olduname(), sys_uname()
|
||||
and sys_newuname().
|
||||
Thus, __NR_stat and __NR_uname have always referred to the latest
|
||||
version of the system call, and the older ones are for backward
|
||||
compatibility.
|
||||
|
||||
.IR sys_stat64()
|
||||
(slot
|
||||
.IR __NR_stat64 ),
|
||||
with the last being the most current.
|
||||
.\" e.g., on 2.6.22/x86: __NR_oldstat 18, __NR_stat 106, __NR_stat64 195
|
||||
.\" The stat system calls deal with three different data structures,
|
||||
.\" defined in include/asm-i386/stat.h: __old_kernel_stat, stat, stat64
|
||||
A similar story applies for
|
||||
.BR lstat (2)
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR fstat (2).
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
Similarly, the defines
|
||||
.IR __NR_oldolduname ,
|
||||
.IR __NR_olduname ,
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR __NR_uname
|
||||
refer to the routines
|
||||
.IR sys_olduname (),
|
||||
.IR sys_uname ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR sys_newuname ().
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
In Linux 2.0,
|
||||
a new version of
|
||||
.BR vm86 (2)
|
||||
appeared, with the old and the new kernel routines being named
|
||||
.IR sys_vm86old ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR sys_vm86 ().
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
In Linux 2.4,
|
||||
a new version of
|
||||
.BR getrlimit (2)
|
||||
appeared, with the old and the new kernel routines being named
|
||||
.IR sys_old_getrlimit ()
|
||||
(slot
|
||||
.IR __NR_getrlimit )
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR sys_getrlimit ()
|
||||
(slot
|
||||
.IR __NR_ugetrlimit ).
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
Linux 2.4 increased the size of user and group IDs from 16 to 32 bits.
|
||||
.\" 64 bit off_t changes: ftruncate64, *stat64,
|
||||
.\" fcntl64 (because of the flock structure), getdents64, *statfs64
|
||||
To support this change, a range of system calls were added
|
||||
(e.g.,
|
||||
.BR chown32 (2),
|
||||
.BR getuid32 (2),
|
||||
.BR getgroups32 (2),
|
||||
.BR setresuid32 (2)),
|
||||
superseding earlier calls of the same name without the
|
||||
"32" suffix.
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
Linux 2.4 added support for applications on 32-bit architectures
|
||||
to access large files (i.e., files for which the sizes and
|
||||
file offsets can't be represented in 32 bits.)
|
||||
To support this change, replacements were required for system calls
|
||||
that deal with file offsets and sizes.
|
||||
Thus the following system calls were added:
|
||||
.BR fcntl64 (2),
|
||||
.BR ftruncate64 (2),
|
||||
.BR getdents64 (2),
|
||||
.BR stat64 (2),
|
||||
.BR statfs64 (2),
|
||||
and their analogs that work with file descriptors or
|
||||
symbolic links.
|
||||
These system calls supersede the older system calls
|
||||
which, except in the case of the "stat" calls,
|
||||
have the same name without the "64" suffix.
|
||||
.sp
|
||||
On newer platforms that only have 64-bit file access and 32-bit uids
|
||||
(e.g., alpha, ia64, s390x) there are no *64 or *32 calls.
|
||||
Where the *64 and *32 calls exist, the other versions are obsolete.
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
The
|
||||
.I rt_sig*
|
||||
calls were added in kernel 2.2 to support the addition
|
||||
of real-time signals (see
|
||||
.BR signal (7)).
|
||||
These system calls supersede the older system calls of the same
|
||||
name without the "rt_" prefix.
|
||||
.IP *
|
||||
It is different with
|
||||
.I select
|
||||
.B select (2)
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR mmap .
|
||||
.BR mmap (2).
|
||||
These use five or more parameters, and caused problems the way
|
||||
parameter passing on the i386 used to be set up.
|
||||
Thus, while
|
||||
other architectures have sys_select() and sys_mmap() corresponding
|
||||
to __NR_select and __NR_mmap, on i386 one finds old_select()
|
||||
and old_mmap() (routines that use a pointer to a
|
||||
other architectures have
|
||||
.IR sys_select ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR sys_mmap ()
|
||||
corresponding to
|
||||
.IR __NR_select
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR __NR_mmap ,
|
||||
on i386 one finds
|
||||
.IR old_select ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR old_mmap ()
|
||||
(routines that use a pointer to a
|
||||
parameter block) instead.
|
||||
These days passing five parameters
|
||||
is not a problem any more, and there is a __NR__newselect (used by
|
||||
libc 6) that corresponds directly to sys_select() and similarly __NR_mmap2.
|
||||
|
||||
Two other system call numbers, __NR__llseek and __NR__sysctl
|
||||
have an additional underscore absent in sys_llseek() and sys_sysctl().
|
||||
|
||||
Then there is __NR_readdir corresponding to old_readdir(),
|
||||
which will read at most one directory entry at a time, and is
|
||||
superseded by sys_getdents().
|
||||
is not a problem any more, and there is a
|
||||
.IR __NR__newselect
|
||||
(used by
|
||||
libc 6) that corresponds directly to
|
||||
.IR sys_select ()
|
||||
and similarly
|
||||
.IR __NR_mmap2.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Two system call numbers,
|
||||
.IR __NR__llseek
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR __NR__sysctl
|
||||
have an additional underscore absent in
|
||||
.IR sys_llseek ()
|
||||
and
|
||||
.IR sys_sysctl ().
|
||||
|
||||
On many platforms, including i386, socket calls are all multiplexed
|
||||
through socketcall() and System V IPC calls through ipc().
|
||||
through
|
||||
.BR socketcall (2)
|
||||
and System V IPC calls are multiplexed through
|
||||
.BR ipc (2).
|
||||
|
||||
On newer platforms that only have 64-bit file access and 32-bit uids
|
||||
(e.g., alpha, ia64, s390x) there are no *64 or *32 calls.
|
||||
Where the *64
|
||||
and *32 calls exist, the other versions are obsolete.
|
||||
|
||||
The chown and lchown system calls were swapped in 2.1.81.
|
||||
The *64 and
|
||||
*32 calls were added for kernel 2.4, as were the new versions of
|
||||
getrlimit and mmap, and the new calls pivot_root, mincore, madvise,
|
||||
security, gettid and readahead.
|
||||
In kernel 2.1.81,
|
||||
.BR lchown (2)
|
||||
and
|
||||
.BR chown (2)
|
||||
were swapped; that is,
|
||||
.BR lchown (2)
|
||||
was added with the semantics that were then current for
|
||||
.BR chown (2),
|
||||
and the semantics of the latter call were changed to what
|
||||
they are today.
|
||||
.SH SEE ALSO
|
||||
.BR syscall (2),
|
||||
.BR unimplemented (2)
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue