acos.3, acosh.3, asin.3, asinh.3, atan.3, atanh.3, cbrt.3, ceil.3, copysign.3, cos.3, cosh.3, cproj.3, erf.3, exp.3, exp2.3, expm1.3, fabs.3, floor.3, fmod.3, frexp.3, isgreater.3, j0.3, lgamma.3, log.3, log10.3, log1p.3, log2.3, modf.3, nextafter.3, pow.3, rint.3, round.3, scalb.3, scalbln.3, sin.3, sinh.3, sqrt.3, tan.3, tanh.3, tgamma.3, trunc.3: Convert inline formatting (\fX...\fP) to dot-directive formatting

Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>

man3/acos.3

@@ -65,8 +65,11 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR acos ()
-function calculates the arc cosine of \fIx\fP; that is
-the value whose cosine is \fIx\fP.
+function calculates the arc cosine of
+.IR x ;
+that is
+the value whose cosine is
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the arc cosine of
 .IR x

man3/acosh.3

@@ -78,7 +78,9 @@ or
 The
 .BR acosh ()
 function calculates the inverse hyperbolic cosine of
-\fIx\fP; that is the value whose hyperbolic cosine is \fIx\fP.
+.IR x ;
+that is the value whose hyperbolic cosine is
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of
 .IR x .

man3/asin.3

@@ -67,8 +67,10 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR asin ()
-function calculates the principal value of the arc sine of \fIx\fP;
-that is the value whose sine is \fIx\fP.
+function calculates the principal value of the arc sine of
+.IR x ;
+that is the value whose sine is
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the principal value of the arc sine of
 .IR x

man3/asinh.3

@@ -78,7 +78,9 @@ or
 The
 .BR asinh ()
 function calculates the inverse hyperbolic sine of
-\fIx\fP; that is the value whose hyperbolic sine is \fIx\fP.
+.IR x ;
+that is the value whose hyperbolic sine is
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the inverse hyperbolic sine of
 .IR x .

man3/atan.3

@@ -67,8 +67,10 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR atan ()
-function calculates the principal value of the arc tangent of \fIx\fP;
-that is the value whose tangent is \fIx\fP.
+function calculates the principal value of the arc tangent of
+.IR x ;
+that is the value whose tangent is
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the principal value of the arc tangent of
 .IR x

man3/atanh.3

@@ -78,7 +78,9 @@ or
 The
 .BR atanh ()
 function calculates the inverse hyperbolic tangent of
-\fIx\fP; that is the value whose hyperbolic tangent is \fIx\fP.
+.IR x ;
+that is the value whose hyperbolic tangent is
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of
 .IR x .

man3/cbrt.3

@@ -72,7 +72,8 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR cbrt ()
-function returns the (real) cube root of \fIx\fP.
+function returns the (real) cube root of
+.IR x .
 This function cannot fail; every representable real value has a
 representable real cube root.
 .SH RETURN VALUE

man3/ceil.3

@@ -70,8 +70,11 @@ is 0.0.
 These functions return the ceiling of
 .IR x .
 
-If \fIx\fP is integral, +0, \-0, NaN, or infinite,
-\fIx\fP itself is returned.
+If
+.I x
+is integral, +0, \-0, NaN, or infinite,
+.I x
+itself is returned.
 .SH ERRORS
 No errors occur.
 POSIX.1-2001 documents a range error for overflows, but see NOTES.

man3/copysign.3

@@ -65,7 +65,10 @@ or
 The
 .BR copysign ()
 functions return a value whose absolute value matches
-that of \fIx\fP, but whose sign bit matches that of \fIy\fP.
+that of
+.IR x ,
+but whose sign bit matches that of
+.IR y .
 
 For example,
 .I "copysign(42.0,\ \-1.0)"
@@ -78,8 +81,12 @@ On success, these functions return a value whose magnitude is taken from
 and whose sign is taken from
 .IR y .
 
-If \fIx\fP is a NaN,
-a NaN with the sign bit of \fIy\fP is returned.
+If
+.I x
+is a NaN,
+a NaN with the sign bit of
+.I y
+is returned.
 .SH ERRORS
 No errors occur.
 .SH CONFORMING TO

man3/cos.3

@@ -66,7 +66,11 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR cos ()
-function returns the cosine of \fIx\fP, where \fIx\fP is
+function returns the cosine of
+.IR x ,
+where
+.I x
+is
 given in radians.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the cosine of

man3/cosh.3

@@ -68,7 +68,9 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR cosh ()
-function returns the hyperbolic cosine of \fIx\fP, which
+function returns the hyperbolic cosine of
+.IR x ,
+which
 is defined mathematically as:
 .nf
 

man3/cproj.3

@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@ These functions first appeared in glibc in version 2.1.
 C99.
 .SH NOTES
 In glibc 2.11 and earlier, the implementation does something different
-(a \fIstereographic\fP projection onto a Riemann Sphere).
+(a
+.I stereographic
+projection onto a Riemann Sphere).
 .\" http://sources.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10401
 .SH SEE ALSO
 .BR cabs (3),

man3/erf.3

@@ -74,7 +74,9 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR erf ()
-function returns the error function of \fIx\fP, defined
+function returns the error function of
+.IR x ,
+defined
 as
 .TP
     erf(x) = 2/sqrt(pi)* integral from 0 to x of exp(\-t*t) dt

man3/exp.3

@@ -69,7 +69,8 @@ or
 The
 .BR exp ()
 function returns the value of e (the base of natural
-logarithms) raised to the power of \fIx\fP.
+logarithms) raised to the power of
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the exponential value of
 .IR x .

man3/exp2.3

@@ -69,7 +69,8 @@ or
 The
 .BR exp2 ()
 function returns the value of 2
-raised to the power of \fIx\fP.
+raised to the power of
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the base-2 exponential value of
 .IR x .

man3/expm1.3

@@ -78,7 +78,9 @@ returns a value equivalent to
 
 .fi
 It is
-computed in a way that is accurate even if the value of \fIx\fP is near
+computed in a way that is accurate even if the value of
+.I x
+is near
 zero\(ema case where
 .I "exp(x) \- 1"
 would be inaccurate due to

man3/fabs.3

@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ or
 The
 .BR fabs ()
 functions return the absolute value of the floating-point
-number \fIx\fP.
+number
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 These functions return the absolute value of
 .IR x .

man3/floor.3

@@ -69,8 +69,11 @@ is \-1.0.
 These functions return the floor of
 .IR x .
 
-If \fIx\fP is integral, +0, \-0, NaN, or an infinity,
-\fIx\fP itself is returned.
+If
+.I x
+is integral, +0, \-0, NaN, or an infinity,
+.I x
+itself is returned.
 .SH ERRORS
 No errors occur.
 POSIX.1-2001 documents a range error for overflows, but see NOTES.

man3/fmod.3

@@ -67,14 +67,28 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR fmod ()
-function computes the floating-point remainder of dividing \fIx\fP by
-\fIy\fP.
-The return value is \fIx\fP \- \fIn\fP * \fIy\fP, where \fIn\fP
-is the quotient of \fIx\fP / \fIy\fP, rounded toward zero to an integer.
+function computes the floating-point remainder of dividing
+.I x
+by
+.IR y .
+The return value is
+.IR x 
+\-
+.I n
+*
+.IR y ,
+where
+.I n
+is the quotient of
+.I x
+/
+.IR y ,
+rounded toward zero to an integer.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these
 functions return the value \fIx\fP\ \-\ \fIn\fP*\fIy\fP,
-for some integer \fIn\fP,
+for some integer
+.IR n ,
 such that the returned value has the same sign as
 .I x
 and a magnitude less than the magnitude of

man3/frexp.3

@@ -66,19 +66,29 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR frexp ()
-function is used to split the number \fIx\fP into a
-normalized fraction and an exponent which is stored in \fIexp\fP.
+function is used to split the number
+.I x
+into a
+normalized fraction and an exponent which is stored in
+.IR exp .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 The
 .BR frexp ()
 function returns the normalized fraction.
-If the argument \fIx\fP is not zero,
-the normalized fraction is \fIx\fP times a power of two,
+If the argument
+.I x
+is not zero,
+the normalized fraction is
+.I x
+times a power of two,
 and its absolute value is always in the range 1/2 (inclusive) to
 1 (exclusive), that is, [0.5,1).
 
-If \fIx\fP is zero, then the normalized fraction is
-zero and zero is stored in \fIexp\fP.
+If
+.I x
+is zero, then the normalized fraction is
+zero and zero is stored in
+.IR exp .
 
 If
 .I x

man3/isgreater.3

@@ -46,7 +46,9 @@ or
 .RE
 .ad b
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-The normal relation operations (like \fB<\fP, "less than")
+The normal relation operations (like
+.BR < ,
+"less than")
 will fail if one of the operands is NaN.
 This will cause an exception.
 To avoid this, C99 defines the macros listed below.
@@ -59,25 +61,49 @@ be promoted to real-floating types).
 .TP
 .BR isgreater ()
 determines \fI(x)\ >\ (y)\fP without an exception
-if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN.
+if
+.IR x 
+or
+.I y
+is NaN.
 .TP
 .BR isgreaterequal ()
 determines \fI(x)\ >=\ (y)\fP without an exception
-if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN.
+if
+.IR x 
+or
+.I y
+is NaN.
 .TP
 .BR isless ()
 determines \fI(x)\ <\ (y)\fP without an exception
-if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN.
+if
+.IR x 
+or
+.I y
+is NaN.
 .TP
 .BR islessequal ()
 determines \fI(x)\ <=\ (y)\fP without an exception
-if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN.
+if
+.IR x 
+or
+.I y
+is NaN.
 .TP
 .BR islessgreater ()
 determines \fI(x)\ < (y) || (x) >\ (y)\fP
-without an exception if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN.
+without an exception if
+.IR x 
+or
+.I y
+is NaN.
 This macro is not equivalent to \fIx\ !=\ y\fP because that expression is
-true if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN.
+true if
+.IR x 
+or
+.I y
+is NaN.
 .TP
 .BR isunordered ()
 determines whether its arguments are unordered, that is, whether
@@ -89,7 +115,11 @@ return the result of the relational comparison;
 these macros return 0 if either argument is a NaN.
 
 .BR isunordered ()
-returns 1 if \fIx\fP or \fIy\fP is NaN and 0 otherwise.
+returns 1 if
+.IR x 
+or
+.I y
+is NaN and 0 otherwise.
 .SH ERRORS
 No errors occur.
 .SH CONFORMING TO

man3/j0.3

@@ -91,12 +91,16 @@ The
 .BR j0 ()
 and
 .BR j1 ()
-functions return Bessel functions of \fIx\fP
+functions return Bessel functions of
+.I x
 of the first kind of orders 0 and 1, respectively.
 The
 .BR jn ()
 function
-returns the Bessel function of \fIx\fP of the first kind of order \fIn\fP.
+returns the Bessel function of
+.I x
+of the first kind of order
+.IR n .
 .PP
 The
 .BR j0f ()
@@ -155,6 +159,8 @@ There are errors of up to 2e\-16 in the values returned by
 .BR j1 ()
 and
 .BR jn ()
-for values of \fIx\fP between \-8 and 8.
+for values of
+.I x
+between \-8 and 8.
 .SH SEE ALSO
 .BR y0 (3)

man3/lgamma.3

@@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ The
 function returns the natural logarithm of
 the absolute value of the Gamma function.
 The sign of the Gamma function is returned in the
-external integer \fIsigngam\fP declared in
+external integer
+.I signgam
+declared in
 .IR <math.h> .
 It is 1 when the Gamma function is positive or zero, \-1
 when it is negative.

man3/log.3

@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR log ()
-function returns the natural logarithm of \fIx\fP.
+function returns the natural logarithm of
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the natural logarithm of
 .IR x .

man3/log10.3

@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR log10 ()
-function returns the base 10 logarithm of \fIx\fP.
+function returns the base 10 logarithm of
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the base 10 logarithm of
 .IR x .

man3/log1p.3

@@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ returns a value equivalent to
 
 .fi
 It is computed in a way
-that is accurate even if the value of \fIx\fP is near zero.
+that is accurate even if the value of
+.I x
+is near zero.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the natural logarithm of
 .IR "(1\ +\ x)" .

man3/log2.3

@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR log2 ()
-function returns the base 2 logarithm of \fIx\fP.
+function returns the base 2 logarithm of
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the base 2 logarithm of
 .IR x .

man3/modf.3

@@ -66,13 +66,18 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR modf ()
-function breaks the argument \fIx\fP into an integral
-part and a fractional part, each of which has the same sign as \fIx\fP.
-The integral part is stored in the location pointed to by \fIiptr\fP.
+function breaks the argument
+.I x
+into an integral
+part and a fractional part, each of which has the same sign as
+.IR x .
+The integral part is stored in the location pointed to by
+.IR iptr .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 The
 .BR modf ()
-function returns the fractional part of \fIx\fP.
+function returns the fractional part of
+.IR x .
 
 If
 .I x

man3/nextafter.3

@@ -81,7 +81,12 @@ is less than
 these functions will return the largest representable number less than
 .IR x .
 
-If \fIx\fP equals \fIy\fP, the functions return \fIy\fP.
+If
+.I x
+equals
+.IR y ,
+the functions return
+.IR y .
 
 The
 .BR nexttoward ()

man3/pow.3

@@ -67,8 +67,11 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR pow ()
-function returns the value of \fIx\fP raised to the
-power of \fIy\fP.
+function returns the value of
+.I x
+raised to the
+power of
+.IR y .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the value of
 .I x

man3/rint.3

@@ -105,8 +105,11 @@ when the result differs in value from the argument.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 These functions return the rounded integer value.
 
-If \fIx\fP is integral, +0, \-0, NaN, or infinite,
-\fIx\fP itself is returned.
+If
+.I x
+is integral, +0, \-0, NaN, or infinite,
+.I x
+itself is returned.
 .SH ERRORS
 No errors occur.
 POSIX.1-2001 documents a range error for overflows, but see NOTES.

man3/round.3

@@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ or
 .RE
 .ad
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-These functions round \fIx\fP to the nearest integer, but
+These functions round
+.I x
+to the nearest integer, but
 round halfway cases away from zero (regardless of the current rounding
 direction, see
 .BR fenv (3)),
@@ -73,8 +75,11 @@ is \-1.0.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 These functions return the rounded integer value.
 
-If \fIx\fP is integral, +0, \-0, NaN,  or infinite,
-\fIx\fP itself is returned.
+If
+.I x
+is integral, +0, \-0, NaN,  or infinite,
+.I x
+itself is returned.
 .SH ERRORS
 No errors occur.
 POSIX.1-2001 documents a range error for overflows, but see NOTES.

man3/scalb.3

@@ -77,7 +77,12 @@ can be obtained by including
 .IR <float.h> .
 .\" not in /usr/include but in a gcc lib
 .SH RETURN VALUE
-On success, these functions return \fIx\fP * \fBFLT_RADIX\fP ** \fIexp\fP.
+On success, these functions return
+.IR x 
+*
+.B FLT_RADIX
+**
+.IR exp .
 
 If
 .I x

man3/scalbln.3

@@ -93,7 +93,12 @@ can be obtained by including
 .IR <float.h> .
 .\" not in /usr/include but in a gcc lib
 .SH RETURN VALUE
-On success, these functions return \fIx\fP * \fBFLT_RADIX\fP ** \fIexp\fP.
+On success, these functions return
+.IR x 
+*
+.B FLT_RADIX
+**
+.IR exp .
 
 If
 .I x

man3/sin.3

@@ -67,7 +67,11 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR sin ()
-function returns the sine of \fIx\fP, where \fIx\fP is
+function returns the sine of
+.IR x ,
+where
+.I x
+is
 given in radians.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the sine of

man3/sinh.3

@@ -68,7 +68,9 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR sinh ()
-function returns the hyperbolic sine of \fIx\fP, which
+function returns the hyperbolic sine of
+.IR x ,
+which
 is defined mathematically as:
 .nf
 

man3/sqrt.3

@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR sqrt ()
-function returns the nonnegative square root of \fIx\fP.
+function returns the nonnegative square root of
+.IR x .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the square root of
 .IR x .

man3/tan.3

@@ -67,7 +67,11 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR tan ()
-function returns the tangent of \fIx\fP, where \fIx\fP is
+function returns the tangent of
+.IR x ,
+where
+.I x
+is
 given in radians.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, these functions return the tangent of

man3/tanh.3

@@ -67,7 +67,9 @@ or
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR tanh ()
-function returns the hyperbolic tangent of \fIx\fP, which
+function returns the hyperbolic tangent of
+.IR x ,
+which
 is defined mathematically as:
 .nf
 

man3/tgamma.3

@@ -47,15 +47,19 @@ The Gamma function is defined by
     Gamma(x) = integral from 0 to infinity of t^(x\-1) e^\-t dt
 .sp
 It is defined for every real number except for nonpositive integers.
-For nonnegative integral \fIm\fP one has
+For nonnegative integral
+.I m
+one has
 .sp
     Gamma(m+1) = m!
 .sp
-and, more generally, for all \fIx\fP:
+and, more generally, for all
+.IR x :
 .sp
     Gamma(x+1) = x * Gamma(x)
 .sp
-Furthermore, the following is valid for all values of \fIx\fP
+Furthermore, the following is valid for all values of
+.I x
 outside the poles:
 .sp
     Gamma(x) * Gamma(1 \- x) = PI / sin(PI * x)

man3/trunc.3

@@ -56,12 +56,18 @@ or
 .RE
 .ad
 .SH DESCRIPTION
-These functions round \fIx\fP to the nearest integer
+These functions round
+.I x
+to the nearest integer
 not larger in absolute value.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 These functions return the rounded integer value.
 
-If \fIx\fP is integral, infinite, or NaN, \fIx\fP itself is returned.
+If
+.IR x 
+is integral, infinite, or NaN,
+.I x
+itself is returned.
 .SH ERRORS
 No errors occur.
 .SH VERSIONS