2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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.\" Copyright (c) 2008 Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk
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.\" <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
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.\"
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.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
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.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
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.\" preserved on all copies.
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.\"
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.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
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.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
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.\" permission notice identical to this one.
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.\"
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.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
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.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no
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.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
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.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not
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.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
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.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
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.\" professionally.
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.\"
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.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
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.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
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.\"
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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.TH PTHREAD_ATTR_INIT 3 2008-11-11 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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.SH NAME
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pthread_attr_init, pthread_attr_destroy \- initialize and destroy
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thread attributes object
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.nf
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.B #include <pthread.h>
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.BI "int pthread_attr_init(pthread_attr_t *" attr );
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.BI "int pthread_attr_destroy(pthread_attr_t *" attr );
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.sp
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Compile and link with \fI\-pthread\fP.
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.BR pthread_attr_init ()
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function initializes the thread attributes object pointed to by
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.IR attr
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with default attribute values.
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After this call, individual attributes of the object can be set
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using various related functions (listed under SEE ALSO),
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and then the object can be used in one or more
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.BR pthread_create (3)
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calls that create threads.
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2008-10-29 20:43:44 +00:00
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Calling
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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.BR pthread_attr_init ()
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on a thread attributes object that has already been initialized
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results in undefined behavior.
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When a thread attributes object is no longer required,
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it should be destroyed using the
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.BR pthread_attr_destroy ()
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function.
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Destroying a thread attributes object has no effect
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on threads that were created using that object.
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Once a thread attributes object has been destroyed,
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it can be reinitialized using
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.BR pthread_attr_init ().
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Any other use of a destroyed thread attributes object
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has undefined results.
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.SH RETURN VALUE
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On success, these functions return 0;
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intro.1, time.1, adjtimex.2, capget.2, eventfd.2, fcntl.2, getrlimit.2, getsockopt.2, gettimeofday.2, intro.2, ioctl_list.2, ioperm.2, mlock.2, pivot_root.2, poll.2, prctl.2, ptrace.2, sched_setscheduler.2, select_tut.2, semget.2, sigaltstack.2, signalfd.2, sysctl.2, timer_settime.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, CPU_SET.3, argz_add.3, assert_perror.3, atexit.3, backtrace.3, bcmp.3, clearenv.3, ctime.3, dl_iterate_phdr.3, dlopen.3, ecvt.3, errno.3, error.3, ether_aton.3, exit.3, fenv.3, ferror.3, finite.3, flockfile.3, fnmatch.3, fpathconf.3, fpclassify.3, ftime.3, ftok.3, ftw.3, fwide.3, getaddrinfo.3, gethostbyname.3, getlogin.3, getnameinfo.3, getnetent.3, getopt.3, getprotoent.3, getrpcent.3, getservent.3, glob.3, hsearch.3, inet.3, isalpha.3, iswalnum.3, iswalpha.3, iswblank.3, iswcntrl.3, iswctype.3, iswdigit.3, iswgraph.3, iswlower.3, iswprint.3, iswpunct.3, iswspace.3, iswupper.3, iswxdigit.3, longjmp.3, lsearch.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, mblen.3, mbsinit.3, mbtowc.3, on_exit.3, printf.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_attr_setdetachstate.3, pthread_attr_setguardsize.3, pthread_attr_setinheritsched.3, pthread_attr_setschedparam.3, pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.3, pthread_attr_setscope.3, pthread_attr_setstack.3, pthread_attr_setstackaddr.3, pthread_attr_setstacksize.3, pthread_cancel.3, pthread_cleanup_push.3, pthread_equal.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_getcpuclockid.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_setcancelstate.3, pthread_setconcurrency.3, pthread_setschedparam.3, pthread_setschedprio.3, ptsname.3, putenv.3, putgrent.3, raise.3, rcmd.3, regex.3, rexec.3, rpc.3, rpmatch.3, rtnetlink.3, scandir.3, sem_init.3, setaliasent.3, setbuf.3, setenv.3, setjmp.3, signbit.3, stdio_ext.3, strtod.3, strtol.3, strtoul.3, system.3, termios.3, timeradd.3, tzset.3, ualarm.3, wctomb.3, xdr.3, st.4, tty_ioctl.4, core.5, elf.5, proc.5, bootparam.7, capabilities.7, icmp.7, ip.7, ipv6.7, math_error.7, mdoc.samples.7, mq_overview.7, pthreads.7, raw.7, regex.7, socket.7, tcp.7, tzselect.8: Global fix: s/non-zero/nonzero/
The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
Chicago MoS, is towards removing hyphens after prefixes
like "non-" etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-01-16 16:40:55 +00:00
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on error, they return a nonzero error number.
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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.SH ERRORS
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POSIX.1-2001 documents an
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.B ENOMEM
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error for
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.BR pthread_attr_init ();
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on Linux these functions always succeed
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(but portable and future-proof applications should nevertheless
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handle a possible error return).
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.SH CONFORMING TO
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POSIX.1-2001.
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.SH NOTES
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The
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.I pthread_attr_t
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type should be treated as opaque:
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any access to the object other than via pthreads functions
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execve.2, fallocate.2, futex.2, sched_rr_get_interval.2, select_tut.2, shmget.2, timer_getoverrun.2, times.2, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_self.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_tryjoin_np.3, sem_open.3, stdin.3, rtc.4, tty_ioctl.4, unix.7: Global fix: s/non-portable/nonportable/
The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
Chicago MoS, is towards removing hyphens after prefixes
like "non-" etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-01-16 16:46:09 +00:00
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is nonportable and produces undefined results.
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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.SH EXAMPLE
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The program below optionally makes use of
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.BR pthread_attr_init ()
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and various related functions to initialize a thread attributes
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object that is used to create a single thread.
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Once created, the thread uses the
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.BR pthread_getattr_np ()
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accept.2, execve.2, futimesat.2, getresuid.2, getrlimit.2, madvise.2, mq_getsetattr.2, msgctl.2, nice.2, open.2, poll.2, setresuid.2, shmctl.2, sigaction.2, times.2, utimensat.2, __setfpucw.3, atoi.3, endian.3, err.3, euidaccess.3, fenv.3, fopencookie.3, fpurge.3, getgrouplist.3, getutmp.3, j0.3, lgamma.3, netlink.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_attr_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_cleanup_push_defer_np.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, pthread_kill_other_threads_np.3, pthread_setaffinity_np.3, pthread_tryjoin_np.3, pthread_yield.3, random_r.3, readdir.3, rtnetlink.3, scanf.3, setenv.3, significand.3, sigsetops.3, strerror.3, strstr.3, sysv_signal.3, termios.3, timegm.3, unlocked_stdio.3, y0.3, locale.5, bootparam.7, feature_test_macros.7, ip.7, locale.7, pthreads.7, rtld-audit.7, nscd.8: Global fix: s/non-standard/nonstandard/
The tendency in English, as prescribed in style guides like
Chicago MoS, is towards removing hyphens after prefixes
like "non-" etc.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2010-01-16 16:37:52 +00:00
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function (a nonstandard GNU extension) to retrieve the thread's
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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attributes, and then displays those attributes.
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If the program is run with no command-line argument,
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then it passes NULL as the
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.I attr
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argument of
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.BR pthread_create (3),
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so that the thread is created with default attributes.
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Running the program on Linux/x86-32 with the NPTL threading implementation,
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we see the following:
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.in +4n
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.nf
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.\" Results from glibc 2.8, SUSE 11.0; Oct 2008
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eventfd.2, execve.2, getdents.2, ioprio_set.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5, proc.5, cpuset.7, mq_overview.7: Global fix: Format user input in shell sessions in boldface
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2008-10-28 15:37:22 +00:00
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.RB "$" " ulimit \-s" " # No stack imit ==> default stack size is 2MB"
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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unlimited
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eventfd.2, execve.2, getdents.2, ioprio_set.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5, proc.5, cpuset.7, mq_overview.7: Global fix: Format user input in shell sessions in boldface
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2008-10-28 15:37:22 +00:00
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.RB "$" " ./a.out"
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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Thread attributes:
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Detach state = PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE
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Scope = PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM
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Inherit scheduler = PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED
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Scheduling policy = SCHED_OTHER
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Scheduling priority = 0
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Guard size = 4096 bytes
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Stack address = 0x40196000
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Stack size = 0x201000 bytes
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.fi
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.in
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When we supply a stack size as a command-line argument,
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the program initializes a thread attributes object,
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sets various attributes in that object,
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and passes a pointer to the object in the call to
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.BR pthread_create (3).
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Running the program on Linux/x86-32 with the NPTL threading implementation,
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we see the following:
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.in +4n
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.nf
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.\" Results from glibc 2.8, SUSE 11.0; Oct 2008
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eventfd.2, execve.2, getdents.2, ioprio_set.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, malloc.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5, proc.5, cpuset.7, mq_overview.7: Global fix: Format user input in shell sessions in boldface
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2008-10-28 15:37:22 +00:00
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.RB "$" " ./a.out 0x3000000"
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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posix_memalign() allocated at 0x40197000
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Thread attributes:
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Detach state = PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED
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Scope = PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM
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Inherit scheduler = PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED
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Scheduling policy = SCHED_OTHER
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Scheduling priority = 0
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Guard size = 0 bytes
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Stack address = 0x40197000
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Stack size = 0x3000000 bytes
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.fi
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.in
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eventfd.2, getdents.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strtol.3, core.5: global fix: Add ".SS Program source" to EXAMPLE
Add ".SS Program source" to clearly distinguish shell session and
descriptive text from actual program code.
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2008-10-28 15:51:05 +00:00
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.SS Program source
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eventfd.2, getdents.2, mprotect.2, signalfd.2, timerfd_create.2, wait.2, backtrace.3, clock_getcpuclockid.3, end.3, fmemopen.3, fopencookie.3, frexp.3, getaddrinfo.3, getdate.3, getgrouplist.3, getprotoent_r.3, getservent_r.3, gnu_get_libc_version.3, inet.3, inet_pton.3, makecontext.3, matherr.3, offsetof.3, pthread_attr_init.3, pthread_create.3, pthread_getattr_np.3, sem_wait.3, strftime.3, strtok.3, strtol.3, core.5: srcfix
s/\.R " "/\\\&/ as a way of getting a blank line after a .SS heading.
(Suggested by Sam Varshavchik <mrsam@courier-mta.com>)
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
2008-11-05 01:42:45 +00:00
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\&
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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.nf
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#define _GNU_SOURCE /* To get pthread_getattr_np() declaration */
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#include <pthread.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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#define handle_error_en(en, msg) \\
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do { errno = en; perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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static void
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display_pthread_attr(pthread_attr_t *attr, char *prefix)
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{
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int s, i;
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size_t v;
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void *stkaddr;
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struct sched_param sp;
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s = pthread_attr_getdetachstate(attr, &i);
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if (s != 0)
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getdetachstate");
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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printf("%sDetach state = %s\\n", prefix,
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(i == PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED) ? "PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED" :
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(i == PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE) ? "PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE" :
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"???");
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s = pthread_attr_getscope(attr, &i);
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if (s != 0)
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getscope");
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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printf("%sScope = %s\\n", prefix,
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(i == PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM) ? "PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM" :
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(i == PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS) ? "PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS" :
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"???");
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s = pthread_attr_getinheritsched(attr, &i);
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if (s != 0)
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getinheritsched");
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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printf("%sInherit scheduler = %s\\n", prefix,
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(i == PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED) ? "PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED" :
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(i == PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED) ? "PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED" :
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"???");
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s = pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(attr, &i);
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if (s != 0)
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedpolicy");
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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printf("%sScheduling policy = %s\\n", prefix,
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(i == SCHED_OTHER) ? "SCHED_OTHER" :
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(i == SCHED_FIFO) ? "SCHED_FIFO" :
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(i == SCHED_RR) ? "SCHED_RR" :
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"???");
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s = pthread_attr_getschedparam(attr, &sp);
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if (s != 0)
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getschedparam");
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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printf("%sScheduling priority = %d\\n", prefix, sp.sched_priority);
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s = pthread_attr_getguardsize(attr, &v);
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if (s != 0)
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2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
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handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getguardsize");
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2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
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printf("%sGuard size = %d bytes\\n", prefix, v);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_attr_getstack(attr, &stkaddr, &v);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_getstack");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
printf("%sStack address = %p\\n", prefix, stkaddr);
|
|
|
|
printf("%sStack size = 0x%x bytes\\n", prefix, v);
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
static void *
|
|
|
|
thread_start(void *arg)
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
int s;
|
|
|
|
pthread_attr_t gattr;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* pthread_getattr_np() is a non\-standard GNU extension that
|
|
|
|
retrieves the attributes of the thread specified in its
|
|
|
|
first argument */
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_getattr_np(pthread_self(), &gattr);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_getattr_np");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("Thread attributes:\\n");
|
|
|
|
display_pthread_attr(&gattr, "\\t");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); /* Terminate all threads */
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
int
|
|
|
|
main(int argc, char *argv[])
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
pthread_t thr;
|
|
|
|
pthread_attr_t attr;
|
|
|
|
pthread_attr_t *attrp; /* NULL or &attr */
|
|
|
|
int s;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
attrp = NULL;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* If a command\-line argument was supplied, use it to set the
|
|
|
|
stack\-size attribute and set a few other thread attributes,
|
|
|
|
and set attrp pointing to thread attributes object */
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (argc > 1) {
|
|
|
|
int stack_size;
|
|
|
|
void *sp;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
attrp = &attr;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_attr_init(&attr);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_init");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setdetachstate");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_attr_setinheritsched(&attr, PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setinheritsched");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
stack_size = strtoul(argv[1], NULL, 0);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = posix_memalign(&sp, sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE), stack_size);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "posix_memalign");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
printf("posix_memalign() allocated at %p\\n", sp);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_attr_setstack(&attr, sp, stack_size);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_setstack");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_create(&thr, attrp, &thread_start, NULL);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_create");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (attrp != NULL) {
|
|
|
|
s = pthread_attr_destroy(attrp);
|
|
|
|
if (s != 0)
|
2008-11-11 13:35:25 +00:00
|
|
|
handle_error_en(s, "pthread_attr_destroy");
|
2008-10-25 02:56:41 +00:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pause(); /* Terminates when other thread calls exit() */
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.fi
|
|
|
|
.SH SEE ALSO
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setaffinity_np (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setdetachstate (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setguardsize (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setinheritsched (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setschedparam (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setschedpolicy (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setscope (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setstack (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setstackaddr (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_attr_setstacksize (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_create (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthread_getattr_np (3),
|
|
|
|
.BR pthreads (7)
|