mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
640 lines
22 KiB
Plaintext
640 lines
22 KiB
Plaintext
<!doctype linuxdoc system>
|
|
<!-- This is the Hebrew HOWTO, SGML source, By the help of Linux-il Group -- >
|
|
<!-- Maintained by Yair G. Rajwan, yair@hobbes.jct.ac.il -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<article>
|
|
<title>The Hebrew HOWTO
|
|
<author>Maintained by Yair G. Rajwan, <htmlurl
|
|
url="mailto:yair@hobbes.jct.ac.il" name="<tt>yair@hobbes.jct.ac.il</tt>">
|
|
<date>v0.4, 12 September 1995
|
|
|
|
<abstract>
|
|
This `Frequently Asked Questions' (FAQ) / HOWTO document describes how to
|
|
configure your Linux machine to use Hebrew characters on X-Windows and Virtual
|
|
Consoles. The most up-to-date version of the Hebrew-HOWTO may be obtained from
|
|
<url url="http://shekel.jct.ac.il/~rajwan/Hebrew.html"
|
|
name="my Web page"> or from <url url="ftp://hobbes.jct.ac.il"
|
|
name="<tt>ftp://hobbes.jct.ac.il</tt>">.
|
|
</abstract>
|
|
|
|
<toc>
|
|
|
|
<sect>Introduction
|
|
|
|
<p>Any language setup, other than the original American English, has two
|
|
issues:
|
|
<enum>
|
|
<item> Displaying the right characters (fonts) - for Hebrew it's
|
|
<tt>ISO-8859-8</tt> standard.
|
|
<item> Mapping the keyboard.
|
|
</enum>
|
|
|
|
There is much more to Hebrew than that (like right to left, geometry in
|
|
X-Windows,etc), but this HOWTO (at least for the first draft) deals only
|
|
with the basic issues.
|
|
|
|
<label id="ISO">More information can be found in the various "national" HOWTOs
|
|
(German, Danish, etc.) and in the ISO 8859-1 HOWTO (<tt><url
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at/pub/8bit"
|
|
name="ftp://ftp.vlsivie.tuwien.ac.at/pub/8bit"> </tt> FAQ-ISO-8859-1).
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Changes.
|
|
|
|
<p><itemize>
|
|
<item>FIRST DRAFT to 0.2.
|
|
<p>Most of this file is taken from the first draft by Vlad Moseanu.
|
|
<item>0.2 to 0.3Beta.
|
|
<p>Added excerpts from documents from the archive e-brew.zip from <url
|
|
url="ftp://ftp.jer1.co.il/pub/software/msdos/communication"
|
|
name="ftp://ftp.jer1.co.il/pub/software/msdos/communication">,
|
|
and some bug fixes with the help of JCT Linux-il group members.
|
|
<item>0.3Beta to 0.4.
|
|
<p>After the first release of the Hebrew-HOWTO to the Linux-il it contain all
|
|
the E-mail send to me regarding spelling/grammer and Tex-Xet, Mule and Vim
|
|
info.
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Thanks
|
|
|
|
<p>This <tt/HOWTO/ prepared by the help of all the group: Linux-il - 'The Israeli Linux users group' and especially by:
|
|
<p> The Linux-il group <htmlurl url="mailto:linux-il@hagiga.jct.ac.il" name="(Linux-il@hagiga.jct.ac.il)">
|
|
<p> Vlad Moseanu <htmlurl url="mailto:vlad@actcom.co.il" name="(vlad@actcom.co.il)">
|
|
<p> Gili Granot <htmlurl url="mailto:gil@csc.cs.technion.ac.il" name="(gil@csc.cs.technion.ac.il)">
|
|
<p> Harvey J. Stein <htmlurl url="mailto:hjstein@math.huji.ac.il" name="(hjstein@math.huji.ac.il)">
|
|
<p> Dovie Adler <htmlurl url="mailto:dadler@hobbes.jct.ac.il" name="(dadler@hobbes.jct.ac.il)">
|
|
<p> Gavrie Philipson <htmlurl url="mailto:gavrie@shekel.jct.ac.il" name="(gavrie@shekel.jct.ac.il)">
|
|
|
|
<sect>Standards for representation of Hebrew characters
|
|
|
|
<sect1>ASCII
|
|
<P>To make one thing clear, for once and forever: There is no such thing as
|
|
8-bit ASCII. ASCII is only 7 bits. Any 8-bit code is not ASCII, but that
|
|
doesn't mean it's not standard. ISO-8859-8 is standard, but not ASCII. Thanks!
|
|
|
|
<sect1>DOS Hebrew
|
|
|
|
<p>The Hebrew encoding starts at 128d for Aleph. Therefore, encoding requires
|
|
8 bits. This is what you have on the Video card EPROM hardware fonts, all of
|
|
the Hebrew DOS based editors use this table (Qtext, HED, etc.).
|
|
|
|
<sect1>ISO Hebrew
|
|
|
|
<p>The Hebrew encoding starts at 224 for Aleph. This is the Internet standard,
|
|
international standard and basically the standard for Ms-Windows and for
|
|
Macintoshes (Dagesh, etc...).
|
|
|
|
<sect1>OLD PC Hebrew
|
|
|
|
<p>This is 7-bit, and obsolete, as it occupies essentially the same ASCII
|
|
range as English lowercase letters. So, it is best avoided. However, when
|
|
ISO Hebrew gets its eighth bit stripped off by some ignorant Unix mail program
|
|
(so you get a jumble of English letters for the Hebrew part of your message
|
|
and the regular English, reversed or not, mixed in), you will get this, and
|
|
will need to transform it to PC or ISO. If there was English mixed in with
|
|
the Hebrew, this will be a sad situation, as you will either get Hebrew plus
|
|
jumble, or English plus jumble...
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Conversions
|
|
|
|
<p>Here are some simple scripts to convert from each standard to the other:
|
|
<tscreen><verb>
|
|
DOS - ISO: tr '\200-\232' '\340-\372' < {dos_file} > {iso_file}
|
|
ISO - DOS: tr '\340-\372' '\200-\232' < {iso_file} > {dos_file}
|
|
OLD - DOS: tr -z '\200-\232' < {old_Hebrew_file} > {dos_file}
|
|
</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
|
NOTE: The numbers use by <tt>tr</tt> are in octal!
|
|
|
|
<sect>Virtual Consoles (VCs)
|
|
|
|
<p>Every distribution of Slackware comes with kbd; the package is called
|
|
keytbls under Slackware (a4 in 2.3.0 - kbd 0.90). Joel Hoffman has contributed
|
|
Hebrew fonts and keymaps from his original codepage.tar.Z file. Look under
|
|
/usr/lib/kbd for iso08.* files. It follows ISO 8859-8 and the Hebrew keytables
|
|
and maps.
|
|
<p>Put the following lines in /etc/rc.d/rc.local:
|
|
<tscreen><verb>
|
|
-----
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
# Put any local setup commands in here
|
|
#
|
|
INITTY=/dev/tty[1-6]
|
|
PATH=/sbin:/etc:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
|
|
#
|
|
# kbd - Set the the console font and keyboard
|
|
# set numlock and set metabit mode on tty1 .. tty8
|
|
for tty in $INITTY
|
|
do
|
|
# setleds -D +num < $tty > /dev/null
|
|
setmetamode metabit < $tty > /dev/null
|
|
done
|
|
# Latin8(Hebrew) keyboard/console
|
|
setfont iso08.f16
|
|
mapscrn trivial
|
|
loadkeys Hebrew
|
|
# enable mapping
|
|
for tty in $INITTY
|
|
do
|
|
echo -n -e "\\033(K" >$tty
|
|
done
|
|
-----
|
|
</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
|
NOTE: If you are using X Windows be careful with "setleds", it may hang the X
|
|
server.
|
|
<p>The above setup works fine with the Hebrew version of pico (pine) and
|
|
displays correctly ISO 8859-8 Hebrew (X Windows, MS Windows).
|
|
|
|
<sect>X Windows setup - XFree86 3.1
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Hebrew fonts.
|
|
|
|
<p>XFree86 3.1 comes with two Hebrew fonts: heb6x13, heb8x13. Additional
|
|
Hebrew fonts can be found on the Net:
|
|
<itemize>
|
|
<item><label id="heb-fonts">The web Type1 fonts (Helvetica/David style
|
|
(proportional) and Courier/Shalom Stick style (fixed space) ) from the
|
|
snunit-project archive at <url url="ftp://snunit.huji.ac.il/pub/fonts/"
|
|
name="ftp://snunit.huji.ac.il/pub/fonts/">, it's good for netscape Hebrew
|
|
pages.
|
|
<item>Avner Lottem, (<htmlurl url="mailto:lottem@techUnix.technion.ac.il"
|
|
name="lottem@techUnix.technion.ac.il">) put some Hebrew-ISO 8859-8 fonts
|
|
on archive at
|
|
<url url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/"
|
|
name="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/hebxfonts-0.1.tgz">,
|
|
it has a font that's good for dosemu under X-Windows (read his README file).
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Installing fonts<label id="install-fonts">
|
|
|
|
<p><itemize>
|
|
<item><label id="X11-Fonts">Fonts exaptable: pcf (Portable Compiled Format),
|
|
bdf (Bitmap Distribution Format), pfb (Type1 fonts).
|
|
|
|
<item>Move the fonts to some existing directory (/usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc) or
|
|
create a new one (/usr/lib/X11/fonts/Hebrew). <tt/compress/ (to *.Z) the fonts
|
|
to save space (NOT GZIP!!!).
|
|
|
|
<item>Run the <tt/mkfontdir/ to create/re-create the <tt/fonts.dir/ and edit
|
|
<tt/fonts.alias/ (optional) to define new aliases.
|
|
|
|
<item>For Type1 fonts, <tt>mkfontdir</tt> does nothing. You have to add these
|
|
fonts to <tt>fonts.dir</tt> manually.
|
|
|
|
<item>Make sure that the directory is in the X server path. Edit the
|
|
XF86Config and add the appropriate path -- FontPath
|
|
"/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/...".
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Making an X application to use Hebrew fonts.
|
|
|
|
<p>In short you need to set the appropriate resource.
|
|
|
|
<sect2>Xterm
|
|
<p>Put the following line in the $HOME/.Xresources:
|
|
|
|
<tt>xterm*font: heb8x13</tt><label id="xterm-font">
|
|
|
|
or simply start xterm with <tt/xterm -fn heb8x13/
|
|
The above font is way too small, so search for a better one ...
|
|
See the comments/examples on starting X11.
|
|
<sect2>Netscape
|
|
<p>Usaly you can use the hebrew fonts from <ref id="heb-fonts"
|
|
name="snunit - webfonts">, Install it <ref id="install-fonts"
|
|
name="as described">, and then put the next defaults in your local
|
|
<tt/.Xdefaults/ or in the app-defaults/Netscape.
|
|
<tscreen><verb>
|
|
----
|
|
*documentFonts.latin1.variable.italic*slant: r
|
|
*documentFonts.latin1.variable.boldItalic*slant: r
|
|
*documentFonts.latin1.variable*family: web
|
|
*documentFonts.latin1.fixed*family: webmono
|
|
*documentFonts.latin1*registry: iso8859
|
|
*documentFonts.latin1*encoding: 8
|
|
----
|
|
</verb></tscreen>
|
|
In general you can put any fonts insted of the webfonts files as long as
|
|
its supported by X11 <ref id="X11-Fonts" name="as described">.
|
|
<sect1>Mapping the keyboard.
|
|
|
|
<p>For some reason the X server doesn't inherit the keymap from the previous
|
|
paragraph, and anyway I would like to define ALT Left and ALT Right and Scroll
|
|
Lock. When pressing ALT together with some key it will generate a Hebrew
|
|
character, Scroll Lock will lock in Hebrew mode.
|
|
|
|
To do that we need to use <tt/xmodmap/. Following is a Xmodmap which also
|
|
corrects the bugs with the "Num Lock":
|
|
<tscreen><verb>
|
|
-----
|
|
! Hebrew key mapping for XFree86 (for US/Hebrew keyboards).
|
|
! By Vlad Moseanu
|
|
!
|
|
keysym Alt_L = Mode_switch
|
|
keysym Alt_R = Mode_switch
|
|
!clear Mod1
|
|
clear Mod2
|
|
!add Mod1 = Alt_L
|
|
add Mod2 = Mode_switch
|
|
!
|
|
! Set the mapping for each key
|
|
!
|
|
keycode 8 =
|
|
keycode 9 = Escape
|
|
keycode 10 = 1 exclam
|
|
keycode 11 = 2 at
|
|
keycode 12 = 3 numbersign
|
|
keycode 13 = 4 dollar
|
|
keycode 14 = 5 percent
|
|
keycode 15 = 6 asciicircum
|
|
keycode 16 = 7 ampersand
|
|
keycode 17 = 8 asterisk
|
|
keycode 18 = 9 parenleft
|
|
keycode 19 = 0 parenright
|
|
keycode 20 = minus underscore
|
|
keycode 21 = equal plus
|
|
keycode 22 = Delete
|
|
keycode 23 = Tab
|
|
keycode 24 = q Q slash Q
|
|
keycode 25 = w W apostrophe W
|
|
keycode 26 = e E 0x00f7 E
|
|
keycode 27 = r R 0x00f8 R
|
|
keycode 28 = t T 0x00e0 T
|
|
keycode 29 = y Y 0x00e8 Y
|
|
keycode 30 = u U 0x00e5 U
|
|
keycode 31 = i I 0x00ef I
|
|
keycode 32 = o O 0x00ed O
|
|
keycode 33 = p P 0x00f4 P
|
|
keycode 34 = bracketleft braceleft
|
|
keycode 35 = bracketright braceright
|
|
keycode 36 = Return
|
|
keycode 37 = Control_L
|
|
keycode 38 = a A 0x00f9 A
|
|
keycode 39 = s S 0x00e3 S
|
|
keycode 40 = d D 0x00e2 D
|
|
keycode 41 = f F 0x00eb F
|
|
keycode 42 = g G 0x00f2 G
|
|
keycode 43 = h H 0x00e9 H
|
|
keycode 44 = j J 0x00e7 J
|
|
keycode 45 = k K 0x00ec K
|
|
keycode 46 = l L 0x00ea L
|
|
keycode 47 = semicolon colon 0x00f3 colon
|
|
keycode 48 = apostrophe quotedbl comma quotedbl
|
|
keycode 49 = grave asciitilde semicolon asciitilde
|
|
keycode 50 = Shift_L
|
|
keycode 51 = backslash bar
|
|
keycode 52 = z Z 0x00e6 Z
|
|
keycode 53 = x X 0x00f1 X
|
|
keycode 54 = c C 0x00e1 C
|
|
keycode 55 = v V 0x00e4 V
|
|
keycode 56 = b B 0x00f0 B
|
|
keycode 57 = n N 0x00ee N
|
|
keycode 58 = m M 0x00f6 M
|
|
keycode 59 = comma less 0x00fa less
|
|
keycode 60 = period greater 0x00f5 greater
|
|
keycode 61 = slash question period question
|
|
keycode 62 = Shift_R
|
|
keycode 63 = KP_Multiply
|
|
!keycode 64 = Alt_L Meta_L
|
|
keycode 65 = space
|
|
keycode 66 = Caps_Lock
|
|
keycode 67 = F1
|
|
keycode 68 = F2
|
|
keycode 69 = F3
|
|
keycode 70 = F4
|
|
keycode 71 = F5
|
|
keycode 72 = F6
|
|
keycode 73 = F7
|
|
keycode 74 = F8
|
|
keycode 75 = Escape
|
|
keycode 76 = F10
|
|
keycode 77 = Num_Lock
|
|
keycode 78 = Scroll_Lock
|
|
keycode 79 = KP_7
|
|
keycode 80 = KP_8
|
|
keycode 81 = KP_9
|
|
keycode 82 = KP_Subtract
|
|
keycode 83 = KP_4
|
|
keycode 84 = KP_5
|
|
keycode 85 = KP_6
|
|
keycode 86 = KP_Add
|
|
keycode 87 = KP_1
|
|
keycode 88 = KP_2
|
|
keycode 89 = KP_3
|
|
keycode 90 = KP_0
|
|
keycode 91 = KP_Decimal
|
|
keycode 92 = Sys_Req
|
|
keycode 93 =
|
|
keycode 94 =
|
|
keycode 95 = F11
|
|
keycode 96 = F12
|
|
keycode 97 = Home
|
|
keycode 98 = Up
|
|
keycode 99 = Prior
|
|
keycode 100 = Left
|
|
keycode 101 = Begin
|
|
keycode 102 = Right
|
|
keycode 103 = End
|
|
keycode 104 = Down
|
|
keycode 105 = Next
|
|
keycode 106 = Insert
|
|
keycode 107 = Delete
|
|
keycode 108 = KP_Enter
|
|
keycode 109 = Control_R
|
|
keycode 110 = Pause
|
|
keycode 111 = Print
|
|
keycode 112 = KP_Divide
|
|
!keycode 113 = Alt_R Meta_R
|
|
keycode 114 = Break
|
|
!
|
|
! This xmodmap file can be use to set the correct numerical keypad mapping
|
|
! when "ServerNumLock" is set in the XF86Config file. In this case the
|
|
! Xserver takes care of the Num Lock processing.
|
|
!
|
|
!
|
|
keycode 136 = KP_7
|
|
keycode 137 = KP_8
|
|
keycode 138 = KP_9
|
|
keycode 139 = KP_4
|
|
keycode 140 = KP_5
|
|
keycode 141 = KP_6
|
|
keycode 142 = KP_1
|
|
keycode 143 = KP_2
|
|
keycode 144 = KP_3
|
|
keycode 145 = KP_0
|
|
keycode 146 = KP_Decimal
|
|
keycode 147 = Home
|
|
keycode 148 = Up
|
|
keycode 149 = Prior
|
|
keycode 150 = Left
|
|
keycode 151 = Begin
|
|
keycode 152 = Right
|
|
keycode 153 = End
|
|
keycode 154 = Down
|
|
keycode 155 = Next
|
|
keycode 156 = Insert
|
|
keycode 157 = Delete
|
|
-----
|
|
</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
|
To use the Xmodmap above define "Scroll-Lock Mode-Lock" in the XF86Config.
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Integrating all the above, examples.
|
|
|
|
<p>If you are using xdm a $HOME/.xsession should look like the following:
|
|
<tscreen><verb>
|
|
-----
|
|
#!/bin/sh
|
|
# $XConsortium: Xsession,v 1.9 92/08/29 16:24:57 gildea Exp $
|
|
#
|
|
# General defs
|
|
#
|
|
export OPENWINHOME=/usr/openwin
|
|
export MANPATH=/usr/local/man:/usr/man/preformat:/usr/man:/usr/X11R6/man
|
|
#export HOSTNAME="`cat /etc/HOSTNAME`"
|
|
export PATH="/bin: /usr/bin: /usr/X11/bin: /usr/X386/bin: /usr/TeX/bini: /usr/local/bin: /usr/games:."
|
|
LESS=-MM
|
|
if [ -z $XAPPLRESDIR ]; then
|
|
XAPPLRESDIR=/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults:/usr/local/lib/X11/app-defaults
|
|
else
|
|
XAPPLRESDIR=$XAPPLRESDIR:/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults
|
|
fi
|
|
export XAPPLRESDIR
|
|
#
|
|
sysresources=/usr/lib/X11/Xresources
|
|
sysmodmap=/usr/lib/X11/Xmodmap
|
|
resources=$HOME/.Xresources
|
|
xmodmap=$HOME/.Xmodmap
|
|
if [ -f $sysresources ]; then
|
|
xrdb -merge $sysresources
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ -f $sysmodmap ]; then
|
|
xmodmap $sysmodmap
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ -f $resources ]; then
|
|
xrdb -merge $resources
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ -f $xmodmap ]; then
|
|
xmodmap $xmodmap
|
|
fi
|
|
#
|
|
# Start applications
|
|
#
|
|
# xterm -ls -sb &
|
|
xhost + # look out !!!
|
|
exec fvwm
|
|
-----
|
|
</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
|
If you prefer <tt/startx/ use the above as an example for <tt/.xinitrc/.
|
|
|
|
<sect>Shells setup.
|
|
|
|
<p>For more details read the <ref id="ISO" name="ISO 8859-1"> HOWTO.
|
|
|
|
<sect1>bash
|
|
|
|
<p>Create a $HOME/.inputrc contain the following:
|
|
|
|
<tscreen><verb>
|
|
-----
|
|
set meta-flag On
|
|
set convert-meta Off
|
|
set output-meta On
|
|
-----
|
|
</verb></tscreen>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>tcsh
|
|
|
|
<p>Define the following in the $HOME/.login or /etc/csh.login:
|
|
<tt> setenv LANG iw_IL.ISO8859-8 (or iw_IL)</tt>
|
|
Actually because the binary version of tcsh is complied without nls the LANG
|
|
can be set to anything and it will still work (no need for /usr/lib/nls...).
|
|
The lang. name also shows my Digital bias ...
|
|
|
|
<sect>Applications
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Vim
|
|
|
|
<p><itemize>
|
|
<item>The Vim is a Vi IMproved editor with some enhanced commands and the
|
|
hebrew support was made bu Dov Grobgeld (HED developer).
|
|
<item>Another Vim patch announced by Avner Lottem, <htmlurl
|
|
url="mailto:lottem@techunix.technion.ac.il"
|
|
name="lottem@techunix.technion.ac.il"> and can be obtained from <url
|
|
url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/editors/vi/vim3.0-rlh0.1.tgz"
|
|
name="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/editors/vi/vim3.0-rlh0.1.tgz">.
|
|
<item>For more info, you can look at <url
|
|
url="http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~gil/var.html"
|
|
name="http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~gil/var.html">
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
<sect1>Hebrew pine and pico
|
|
<p><label id="horizon">The pine and it's additional editor pico had been changed by Helen Zommer
|
|
from CC-huji and has a bug-report mail: <htmlurl
|
|
url="mailto:pineh-bug@horizon.cc.huji.ac.il"
|
|
name="pineh-bug@horizon.cc.huji.ac.il">. It can be down-loaded from <url
|
|
url="ftp://horizon.cc.huji.ac.il/pub" name="ftp://horizon.cc.huji.ac.il/pub">.
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Some emacs Hebrew ports.
|
|
|
|
<p><itemize>
|
|
<item>Hebrew package by Joseph Friedman. It includes some Hebrew fonts in BDF
|
|
format, patch for emacs 18.58 and an elisp package. It is fine, but nobody
|
|
uses emacs 18.* anymore. It can be obtained from:
|
|
<url
|
|
url="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.tar.Z"
|
|
name="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.tar.Z">.
|
|
<item>A very simple Hebrew package. Includes only right-to-left cursor movement
|
|
support and right-to-left sorting. Works without any patches with FSF emacs
|
|
19. Can be obtained from
|
|
<url url="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.el.Z"
|
|
name="ftp://archive.cis.ohio-state.edu/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/misc/Hebrew.el.Z">.
|
|
<item>One of emacs branches - MULE (Multi Lingual Emacs) Supports a lot of
|
|
languages including Hebrew. It compiles and runs under Linux with no problem.
|
|
It is full Emacs, with Hebrew support and double-direction handling. It can be
|
|
obtained from: <url url="ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il/pub/Hebrew"
|
|
name="ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il/pub/Hebrew">
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Dosemu
|
|
|
|
<p>For a VC dosemu you can use your Hebrew from the Video card EPROM, and if
|
|
you don't have it there are plenty of Hebrew dos fonts from EGA support to
|
|
the VGA Hebrew support.
|
|
<p>For X-Windows support you should download the file:
|
|
<url url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/hebxfonts-0.1.tgz"
|
|
name="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/X11/fonts/hebxfonts-0.1.tgz">
|
|
it's contain some fonts include one called vgah.pcf that you should install
|
|
it on your fonts directory as describe <ref id="install-fonts" name="above">
|
|
the fonts are:
|
|
|
|
<sect1>XHTerm
|
|
|
|
<p>There is a main port of the regular X-Term program for use with a Hebrew
|
|
fonts - XHTerm = xterm + Hebrew support. The port for a sun machine was
|
|
made avalible by the help of Danny <htmlurl url="mailto:danny@cs.huji.ac.il"
|
|
name="<tt>danny@cs.huji.ac.il</tt>">. Evgeny has some patch for use this port
|
|
under Linux. His version should come with a pre-compiled XHTerm for both
|
|
X11R5 and X11R6. You should use xhterm with the option <tt/-fn/ and a Hebrew
|
|
font <ref id="xterm-font" name="as described">!
|
|
Danny's port (for SUN) can be obtained from:
|
|
<url url="ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/local/xhterm"
|
|
name="ftp://ftp.huji.ac.il/pub/local/xhterm">
|
|
and the patched version of Evgeny Stambulchik is on:
|
|
<url url="ftp://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/linux"
|
|
name="ftp://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/pub/software/linux">
|
|
Get it from there and you'll get 5 <ref id="install-fonts" name="fonts with
|
|
it">: <tt>[heb10x20.pcf, heb6x13.bdf, heb6x13.pcf, heb8x13.bdf, heb8x13.pcf]</tt>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>TeX--XeT - Hebrew Tex.
|
|
|
|
<p>The bigest problem with Tex with Hebrew is that the charecters should go
|
|
backwards relative to Visual look (i.e. pico inserts the charecters from
|
|
right to left), so the best thing is to get XHterm with a regular emacs and
|
|
write the Hebrew left to right, backwards as well.
|
|
<p>The newer NTeX distribution on sunsite (v1.5) includes everything, including
|
|
TeX--XeT, precompiled for Linux. It can be obtained from
|
|
<url url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu.gz/pub/Linux/apps/tex/ntex"
|
|
name="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu.gz/pub/Linux/apps/tex/ntex">. An older version of
|
|
TeX--XeT can be obtained from
|
|
<url url="ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex" name="ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex">. This
|
|
older version, however, has to be recompiled (not recommended).
|
|
<p>These TeX distributions are fine if you use LaTeX2.09. If you want to use
|
|
LaTeX2e (the current de facto standard) you have a problem.
|
|
Alon Ziv <htmlurl url="mailto:alonz@csa.cs.technion.ac.il"
|
|
name="(alonz@csa.cs.technion.ac.il)"> is currently working in support for
|
|
LaTeX2e with Hebrew, using the Babel languages system. I don't know the
|
|
current status of his work -- ask him!
|
|
|
|
<sect>Printer setup
|
|
|
|
<p>Mainly there is not to say, if you have a regular ASCII line printer
|
|
(who does, these days?) there is a good chance that there are Hebrew fonts
|
|
in it on the <tt>EPROM</tt> chip.
|
|
<p>If you use PostScript, you should download soft fonts to the printer (you
|
|
can always use the <ref id="heb-fonts" name="earlier mentioned"> Web fonts for
|
|
that. These fonts are also useable with Ghostscript).
|
|
<p>If you have a PCL printer (LaserJet etc.), you can either use font
|
|
cartridges or use Ghostscript.
|
|
|
|
<sect>Commercial products.
|
|
|
|
<sect1>El-Mar software.
|
|
<p>The Hebrew Support for X-Windows & Motif, is a product of El-Mar
|
|
Software, which adds Hebrew functionality to many of the parts and layers of
|
|
X-Windows and Motif, including Xlib, all of the widgets of Motif, hterm
|
|
(Hebrew xterm), demos and simple useful applications (e.g. bi-lingual
|
|
Motif-based editor), fonts (including scalable Type1), keyboard-manager in
|
|
order to allow Hebrew and push-mode for non-Motif applications, etc.
|
|
<p>Despite allowing many new features and variations for Motif widgets, the
|
|
support doesn't have any modification to internal data-structures of Motif, so
|
|
existing applications which were compiled and linked under non-Hebrew
|
|
environment and libraries, can be relinked (without compilation!) and run
|
|
with Hebrew (you can replace shared-libraries, so even the relink is not
|
|
needed!)
|
|
<p>By using another tool of us, Motif/Xplorer, you can take commercial
|
|
applications (without their source) and translate them to Hebrew. This was
|
|
the way of giving Hebrew support for Oracle Forms 4, Intellicorp's Kappa and
|
|
OMW, CA-Unicenter, and many other leading UNIX tools sold in Israel. This
|
|
product was purchased and adopted by most of the workstation vendors (9 of
|
|
them, including the biggest: Sun, HP, SGI), and many other software houses.
|
|
There are Makefiles for more than 30 platforms and operating systems.
|
|
<p>We believe only in open software, so all the customers get the compelete
|
|
source code. We have good relations with the leading forces in this industry,
|
|
including the technical staff of X-Consortium and the technical staff of
|
|
COSE.
|
|
|
|
<tscreen><verb>
|
|
Eli Marmor
|
|
El-Mar Software Ltd.
|
|
Voice: 050-237338
|
|
FAX: 09-984279
|
|
</verb></tscreen>
|
|
<htmlurl
|
|
url="mailto:marmor@sunshine.cs.biu.ac.il"
|
|
name="marmor@sunshine.cs.biu.ac.il">
|
|
|
|
P.S.: The announcement of the Arabic Support for X-Windows & Motif, is expected
|
|
in January. English, Hebrew, and Arabic will be handled by 8 bits (!),
|
|
including the full set of Arabic glyphes.
|
|
|
|
<sect> Hebrew around the Internet.
|
|
|
|
<sect1>WWW
|
|
|
|
<p><itemize>
|
|
<item>Jerusalem 1 - has many program and FAQ files about Hebrew on Unix and
|
|
other platforms <url url="http://www.jer1.co.il" name="http://www.jer1.co.il">.
|
|
<item>Gili Granot's Hebrew archive page - sumerize of all Hebrew related
|
|
issues around the Web (include all kind of files)
|
|
<url url="http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~gil"
|
|
name="http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~gil">.
|
|
<item>Gavrie has some info about Hebrew on his ftp site: <url
|
|
url="ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il" name="ftp://kelim.jct.ac.il">
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Gopher
|
|
|
|
<p><itemize>
|
|
<item>A one word testing for Hebrew-gopher can be found on <url
|
|
url="gopher://shekel.jct.ac.il" name="gopher://shekel.jct.ac.il">
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
|
|
<sect1>Ftp
|
|
|
|
<p><itemize>
|
|
<item>Some Tex-Xet programs and the main FTP site for Tex Hebrew support for
|
|
PC and Unix is at <url url="ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex"
|
|
name="ftp://noa.huji.ac.il/tex">.
|
|
<item>Horizon site as <ref id="horizon" name="said allready"> contains the
|
|
main site of pine/pico Hebrew support - <url url="ftp://horizon.huji.ac.il/pub"
|
|
name="ftp://horizon.huji.ac.il/pub">.
|
|
<item>Gili Granot's Hebrew archive page ftp site is at <url
|
|
url="ftp://ssl.cs.technion.ac.il/pub" name="ftp://ssl.cs.technion.ac.il/pub">.
|
|
</itemize>
|
|
</article>
|
|
<!-- LocalWords: setleds num dev setmetamode metabit setfont iso mapscrn
|
|
-->
|
|
<!-- LocalWords: loadkeys hebrew
|
|
-->
|