mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
246 lines
7.1 KiB
XML
246 lines
7.1 KiB
XML
<chapter>
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<title>System configuration</title>
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<section id="modules">
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<title>Device support (kernel modules config)</title>
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<para>
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PLD contains highly modularized kernel.
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All kernel-supported device drivers that can be compiled as a module
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are compiled in this way.
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</para>
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<para>
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To support devices available in the system, proper modules must be
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loaded into the kernel. That can be done primarily in four ways:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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They can be loaded by hand with <command>modprobe</command> or
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<command>insmod</command> command (the least convenient method)
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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They can be loaded at boot-up by some extra script
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(e.g. /etc/rc.d/init/rc.local).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Some devices (mainly disk interfaces)
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need support at a very, very early stage of system boot-up.
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Modules for these devices must be loaded from
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so-called <emphasis>initrd</emphasis>
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(see more in <xref linkend="bootloaders"/>)
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Finally, they can be loaded automatically, when they are
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needed, by <command>kmod</command> daemon.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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The latter method is most convenient, although not every device can be
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supported like that.
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</para>
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<para>
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Kmod needs information what module should be associated to particular
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devices.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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During installation process the installer takes care about
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setting proper <emphasis>initrd</emphasis>, and may also
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put some entries into <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename>.
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(e.g. aliases for network devices), but in general this
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file should be filled in by the administrator.
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</para>
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</note>
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<para>
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Some typical settings in <filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename>:
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</para>
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<programlisting>
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# Use kernel module 3c509 (3Com 509/509b adapter) as a driver for
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# first ethernet device (eth0):
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alias eth0 3c509
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# Use kernel module aic7xxx to handle SCSI hostadapter:
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scsi_hostadapter aic7xxx
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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See
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>modules.conf</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>
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for details.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id="disks">
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<title>Disks</title>
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<para>
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</para>
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<literallayout>
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fstab:
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disks
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removable media: CD, diskettes etc
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user access
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automounter
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LVM?
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journaling?
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raid?
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</literallayout>
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</section>
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<section id="inittab">
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<title>Init control: /etc/inittab</title>
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<para>
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The file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> is read by
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<command>init</command> process to control
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system behavior in particular runlevel. Full description
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of this file can be found in
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<citerefentry>
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<refentrytitle>inittab</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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</citerefentry>
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</para>
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<para>
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What this file usually contains:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<emphasis>Default runlevel</emphasis> - the runlevel used
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when init is invoked without parameters (e.g. during system startup).
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Runlevels are described in <xref linkend="runlevels"/>.
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Default runlevel is given in the form:
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<programlisting>id:3:initdefault:</programlisting>
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Here the digit 3 indicates use of runlevel 3. This can be changed
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to any other valid runlevel.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Instructions to run getty on consoles. They look like that:
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<programlisting>1:12345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty --noclear tty1</programlisting>
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One of possible situations when this needs to be changed is
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when we want console on serial port (see e.g. <xref linkend="installer-serial"/>).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Invocation of proper init scripts. These are lines like this:
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<programlisting>
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si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
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l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0
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</programlisting>
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This rarely needs to be changed.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Handling special events like Ctrl-Alt-Del keystroke.
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The line looks like this:
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<programlisting>
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ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now
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</programlisting>
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The command run at Ctrl-Alt-Del event can be replaced here,
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e.g. one can change <command>shutdown -r</command>
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to <command>shutdown -h</command> to get the halt instead reboot.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id="etc-sysconfig">
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<title>Basic system configuration: <filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename></title>
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<section>
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<title>Intro</title>
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<para>
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Directory <filename>/etc/sysconfig</filename> contains several files
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that are used by rc-scripts (system startup scripts located in
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/etc/rc.d). Those files defines basic properties of the system.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>console</title>
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<para>
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File <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename>
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contains basic console settings.
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</para>
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<para>
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After modifying config file, issue
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<programlisting>/etc/rc.d/init.d/console restart</programlisting>
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if you want the changes to take effect.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>mouse</title>
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<para>
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File <filename>/etc/sysconfig/mouse</filename> contains
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mouse settings for service <command>gpm</command> (General Purpose Mouse).
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This service provides mouse support for console based
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applications and may be also used by X Window System.
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<!-- (see <xref linkend="x-repeater"/>) -->
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</para>
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<para>
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After modifying config file, issue
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<programlisting>/etc/rc.d/init.d/gpm restart</programlisting>
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if you want the changes to take effect.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>clock</title>
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<para>
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File <filename>/etc/sysconfig/clock</filename> contains
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clock settings.
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Its content is used by /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit script
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at very early stage of system bootup.
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This file contains very general clock properties.
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Setting clock can be done with <command>date</command>
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and <command>hwclock</command> commands.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>system</title>
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<para>
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Its content is used by rc-scripts at very early stage of system bootup.
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It contains some basic settings, e.g. system behavior in case of kernel
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panic, etc.
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</para>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id="printing">
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<title>Printing</title>
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<para>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id="x-window">
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<title>X Window</title>
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<para>
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</para>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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