mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
103 lines
4.0 KiB
XML
103 lines
4.0 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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%general-entities;
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]>
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<sect1 id="ch-tools-addinguser">
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<?dbhtml filename="addinguser.html"?>
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<title>Adding the LFS User</title>
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<para>When logged in as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
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making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, we
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recommend building the packages in this chapter as an unprivileged user.
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You could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean
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working environment, create a new user called <systemitem
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class="username">lfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named
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<systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>) and use this user during
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the installation process. As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
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issue the following commands to add the new user:</para>
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<screen><userinput>groupadd lfs
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useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput></screen>
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<variablelist>
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<title>The meaning of the command line options:</title>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This makes <command>bash</command> the default shell for user
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<systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-g lfs</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This option adds user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>
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to group <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-m</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This creates a home directory for <systemitem
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class="username">lfs</systemitem>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton
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directory (default is <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>)
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by changing the input location to the special null device.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><parameter>lfs</parameter></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This is the actual name for the created group and user.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>To log in as <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> (as opposed
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to switching to user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> when logged
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in as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, which does not require
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the <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> user to have a password),
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give <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> a password:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>passwd lfs</userinput></screen>
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<para>Grant <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> full access to
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<filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> by making
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<systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> the directory owner:</para>
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<screen><userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/tools</userinput></screen>
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<para>If a separate working directory was created as suggested, give
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user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> ownership of this
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directory:</para>
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<screen><userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
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<para>Next, login as user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>.
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This can be done via a virtual console, through a display manager, or with
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the following substitute user command:</para>
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<screen role="nodump"><userinput>su - lfs</userinput></screen>
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<para>The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs
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<command>su</command> to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell.
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The difference between these two types of shells can be found in detail in
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<filename>bash(1)</filename> and <command>info bash</command>.</para>
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</sect1>
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