mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
2012 lines
57 KiB
XML
2012 lines
57 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso8859-1"?>
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<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"
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"http://docbook.org/xml/4.1.2/docbookx.dtd" []>
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<book id="videolan-quickstart">
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<bookinfo>
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<title>VideoLAN Quickstart</title>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Alexis</firstname>
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<surname>de Lattre</surname>
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</author>
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<author>
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<firstname>Bill</firstname>
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<surname>Eldridge</surname>
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</author>
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<author>
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<firstname>Anil</firstname>
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<surname>Daoud</surname>
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</author>
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<author>
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<firstname>Mathieu</firstname>
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<surname>Gautier</surname>
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</author>
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<author>
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<firstname>Clément</firstname>
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<surname>Stenac</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<copyright>
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<year>2002, 2003</year>
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<holder>
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the VideoLAN project
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</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para> Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation ;
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with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
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Back-Cover Texts. The text of the license can be found in the appendix
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<xref linkend="gfdl" endterm="tgfdl"/>.</para>
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</legalnotice>
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<keywordset>
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<keyword>VideoLAN</keyword>
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<keyword>Quickstart</keyword>
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<keyword>vlc</keyword>
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<keyword>VLC</keyword>
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<keyword>vls</keyword>
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<keyword>VLS</keyword>
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<keyword>vod</keyword>
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<keyword>sap</keyword>
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<keyword>stream</keyword>
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<keyword>multicast</keyword>
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<keyword>MPEG-1</keyword>
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<keyword>MPEG-2</keyword>
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<keyword>MPEG-4</keyword>
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<keyword>DVD</keyword>
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<keyword>DivX</keyword>
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</keywordset>
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<abstract>
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<para>
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This document describes how to start using VideoLAN quickly.
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</para>
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</abstract>
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</bookinfo>
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<toc/>
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<chapter id="intro"><title id="tintro">Introduction</title>
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<sect1><title>
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What is the VideoLAN project ?
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</title>
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<sect2><title>
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Overview
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</title>
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<para>VideoLAN is a complete software solution for video streaming, developed
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by students of the <ulink url="http://www.ecp.fr">Ecole Centrale
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Paris</ulink> and developers from all over the world, under the
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<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU General Public
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License</ulink> (GPL). VideoLAN is designed to stream MPEG videos on high
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bandwidth networks.</para>
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<para>The VideoLAN solution includes :</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>VLS (VideoLAN Server), which can stream MPEG-1, MPEG-2
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and MPEG-4 files, DVDs, digital satellite channels, digital terrestial
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television channels and live videos on the network in unicast or
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multicast,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>VLC (initially VideoLAN Client), which can be used as
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a server to stream MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 files, DVDs and live
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videos on the network in unicast or multicast ; or used as a client
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to receive, decode and display MPEG streams under multiple operating
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systems.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>Here is an illustration of the complete VideoLAN solution :</para>
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<figure float="0"><title>
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Global VideoLAN solution
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</title>
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<mediaobject>
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<imageobject>
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<imagedata fileref="images/global-diagram.jpg" format="JPG" scalefit="1" scale="60"/>
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</imageobject>
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</mediaobject>
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</figure>
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<para>More details about the project can be found on the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/">VideoLAN Web site</ulink>.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>
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VideoLAN software
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</title>
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<simplesect><title>VLC</title>
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<para>VLC works on many platforms : Linux, Windows, Mac OS X, BeOS,
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*BSD, Solaris, Familiar Linux, Yopy/Linupy and QNX. It can read :</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 / DivX files from a hard disk,
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a CD-ROM drive, ...</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>DVDs and VCDs,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>from a satellite card (DVB-S),</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 streams from the
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network sent by VLS or VLC's stream output.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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VLC can also be used as a server to stream :
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 / DivX files,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>DVDs,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>from an MPEG encoding card,</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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to :
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>one machine (i.e. to one IP address) : this is called
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<emphasis>unicast</emphasis>,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>a dynamic group of machines that the clients can
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join or leave (i.e. to a multicast IP address) : this is called
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<emphasis>multicast</emphasis>,</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>in IPv4 or IPv6
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.</para>
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<para>To get the complete list of VLC's possibilities
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on each plateform supported, see the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/vlc/features.html">VLC features
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page</ulink>.</para>
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<note><para>
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VLC doesn't work on Mac OS 9, and will
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probably never do.
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</para></note>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect><title>VLS</title>
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<para>
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VLS can stream :
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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an MPEG-1, MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 files stored on a hard drive
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or on a CD,
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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a DVD located in a local DVD drive or copied on a hard
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disk,
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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a satellite card (DVB-S) or a digital terrestial
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television card (DVB-T)
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,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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an MPEG encoding card
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;</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>to:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>one machine (i.e. to one IP address) : this is called
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<emphasis>unicast</emphasis>,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>a dynamic group of machines that the clients can
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join or leave (i.e. to a multicast IP address) : this is called
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<emphasis>multicast</emphasis>,</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>in IPv4 or IPv6
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.</para>
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<para>A Pentium 100 MHz with 32 MB of memory should be enough to send one
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stream on the network. When streaming a lot of videos stored on a
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hard drive, the actual limitation is not the processor but the hard
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drive and the network connection.</para>
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<para>VLS works under Linux and Windows. To get the complete
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list of VLS's possibilities on each plateform supported, see the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/streaming/features.html">streaming features
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page</ulink>.</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect><title>Mini-SAP-server</title>
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<para>
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You can add a channel information service based on the SAP/SDP
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standard to the VideoLAN solution. The mini-SAP-server sends announces
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about the multicast programs on the network in IPv4 or IPv6, and VLCs
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receive these annouces and automatically add the programs announced to
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their playlist.
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</para>
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<para>
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The mini-SAP-server works under Linux and Mac OS X.
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1><title>
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What is a codec ?
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</title>
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<para>
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To fully understand the VideoLAN solution, you must
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understand the difference between a <emphasis>codec</emphasis> and a
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<emphasis>container format</emphasis>
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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A <emphasis>codec</emphasis> is a compression
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algorithm, used to reduce the size of a stream. There are audio codecs
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and video codecs. MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, Vorbis, DivX, ... are
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codecs
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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A <emphasis>container format</emphasis> contains
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one or several streams already encoded by codecs. Very often, there
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is an audio stream and a video one. AVI, Ogg, MOV, ASF, ... are
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container formats. The streams contained can be encoded using different
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codecs. In a perfect world, you could put any codec in any container
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format. Unfortunately, there are some incompatibilities. You can
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find a matrix of possible codecs and container formats on the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/streaming/features.html">features
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page</ulink>
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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To decode a stream, VLC first
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<emphasis>demuxes</emphasis> it. This means that it reads the container
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format and separates audio, video, and subtitles, if any. Then, each of
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these are passed <emphasis>decoders</emphasis> that do the mathematical
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processing to decompress the streams
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.</para>
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<para>
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There is a particular thing about MPEG:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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MPEG is a <emphasis>codec</emphasis>. There are
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several versions of it, called MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, ...
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>MPEG is also a container format, sometimes refered
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to as <emphasis>MPEG System</emphasis>. There are several types of MPEG:
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ES, PS, and TS</para>
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<para>When you play an MPEG video from a DVD, for instance, the MPEG
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stream is actually composed of several streams (called Elementary
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Streams, ES): there is one stream for video, one for audio, another for
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subtitles, and so on. These different streams are mixed together into a
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single Program Stream (PS). So, the .VOB files you can find in a DVD are
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actually MPEG-PS files. But this PS format is not adapted for streaming
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video through a network or by satellite, for instance. So, another
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format called Transport Stream (TS) was designed for streaming MPEG
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videos through such channels.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect1>
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<sect1><title>
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How can I use VideoLAN ?
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</title>
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<sect2><title>Documentation</title>
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<para>
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The user documentation of VideoLAN is made up of 4 documents :
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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the <emphasis>VideoLAN Quickstart</emphasis>. This
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document will give you a quick overview of VLC, VLC's stream output,
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the Video On Demand solution and the channel information service
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system.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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the <emphasis>VideoLAN HOWTO</emphasis>. This
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document is the complete guide of the VideoLAN streaming
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solution.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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the <emphasis>VLC user guide</emphasis>. This document
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is the complete guide for VLC.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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the <emphasis>VLS user guide</emphasis>. This document
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is the complete guide for VLS.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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the <emphasis>VideoLAN FAQ</emphasis>.
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This document contains Frequently Asked Questions about
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VideoLAN.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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The latest version of these documents can be found on the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/doc/">documentation page</ulink>
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.</para>
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<para>
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You can also have a look at the <ulink url="http://wiki.videolan.org">VideoLAN Wiki</ulink>. This is a website
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that everyone can change. We use it to document everything that is not
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in the "official" documentation: the tips and tricks for each O.S., the
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graphical interfaces, etc...
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2><title>
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User support
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</title>
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<para>
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If you have problems using VideoLAN, and if you don't find the
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answer to your problems in the documentation, please look at the <ulink url="http://www.via.ecp.fr/via/ml/videolan/index-en.html">online
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archive of the mailing-lists</ulink>. There are two English-speaking
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mailing-lists for the users :
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>vlc@videolan.org</emphasis>
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for the questions on VLC
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,</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>streaming@videolan.org</emphasis>
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for the questions on VLS, mini-SAP-server
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and the network
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.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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If you want to subscribe or unsubscribe to the mailing-lists,
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please go to the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/support/lists.html">
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mailing-list page</ulink>.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can also talk with VideoLAN users and developers on IRC :
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server <emphasis>irc.freenode.net</emphasis>, channel
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<emphasis>#videolan</emphasis>
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.</para>
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<para>
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If you find a bug, please follow the instructions on
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the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/support/bug-reporting.html">
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bug reporting page</ulink>
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.</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1><title>
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Command line usage
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</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>
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VLC has many different graphical interfaces, that
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are organized quite differently in order to be in harmony with the
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guidelines of each operating system supported. Documenting the use
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of each graphical interface is too long, and some features are only
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available via the command line interface. Therefore we decided to
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document only the command line interface, but in many cases it shoud
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be easy to guess how to use the graphical interface for the same use
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!
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>
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VLS has a command line and a telnet interface, but no
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graphical interface !
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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All the commands that show up in this document should be typed
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inside a terminal.
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.</para>
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<sect2><title>
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Open a terminal
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</title>
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<simplesect><title>Windows</title>
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<para>
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Click on <emphasis>Start</emphasis>,
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<emphasis>Run</emphasis> and type :
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><command moreinfo="none">cmd</command> <keycap moreinfo="none">Enter</keycap>
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(Windows 2000 / XP),</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><command moreinfo="none">command</command> <keycap moreinfo="none">Enter</keycap>
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(Windows 95 / 98 / ME).</para></listitem>
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|
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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The terminal appears
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Le terminal apparait
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<figure float="0"><title>Windows terminal</title>
|
|
<mediaobject>
|
|
<imageobject>
|
|
<imagedata fileref="images/terminal-windows.jpg" format="JPG" scalefit="1" scale="60"/>
|
|
</imageobject>
|
|
</mediaobject>
|
|
</figure>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>
|
|
Under Windows, you need to be in the directory where the
|
|
program is installed to run it.
|
|
</para></note>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>Linux / Unix</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Open a terminal
|
|
|
|
:</para>
|
|
|
|
<figure float="0"><title>Linux X terminal</title>
|
|
<mediaobject>
|
|
<imageobject>
|
|
<imagedata fileref="images/terminal-linux.jpg" format="JPG" scalefit="1" scale="60"/>
|
|
</imageobject>
|
|
</mediaobject>
|
|
</figure>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
In the documentation, we adopt the following
|
|
conventions for the Unix commands :
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
commands that should be typed as
|
|
<emphasis>root</emphasis> have a <command moreinfo="none">#</command> prompt :
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">command_to_be_typed_as_root</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
commands that should be typed as a regular user have a
|
|
<command moreinfo="none">%</command> prompt :
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">command_to_be_typed_as_regular_user</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>Mac OS X</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
Go to <emphasis>Applications</emphasis>, open the
|
|
folder <emphasis>Utilities</emphasis> and double-click on
|
|
<emphasis>Terminal</emphasis>
|
|
|
|
:</para>
|
|
|
|
<figure float="0"><title>Mac OS X terminal</title>
|
|
<mediaobject>
|
|
<imageobject>
|
|
<imagedata fileref="images/terminal-macosx.jpg" format="JPG" scalefit="1" scale="60"/>
|
|
</imageobject>
|
|
</mediaobject>
|
|
</figure>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>
|
|
Under Mac OS X, you need to be in the directory where
|
|
the program is installed to run it, and start the command with
|
|
<command moreinfo="none">./</command>
|
|
|
|
.</para></note>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>BeOS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
In the deskbar, go to <emphasis>Application</emphasis> and then
|
|
<emphasis>Terminal</emphasis> :
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<figure float="0"><title>BeOS terminal</title>
|
|
<mediaobject>
|
|
<imageobject>
|
|
<imagedata fileref="images/terminal-beos.jpg" format="JPG" scalefit="1" scale="60"/>
|
|
</imageobject>
|
|
</mediaobject>
|
|
</figure>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>
|
|
Under BeOS, you need to be in the directory where
|
|
the program is installed to run it, and start the command with
|
|
<command moreinfo="none">./</command>
|
|
|
|
.</para></note>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<chapter id="vlc"><title id="tvlc">
|
|
VLC, the universal media player
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Installing VLC
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
There are VLC binaries available for the many OSes, but not for
|
|
all supported OSes. If there are no binaries for your OS or if you want
|
|
to change the default settings, you can compile VLC from sources.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>Windows</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
VLC works under Windows 95/98/ME/2000/XP.
|
|
Download the self-extracting file from the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-windows.html">VLC Windows
|
|
download page</ulink>. Launch the <filename moreinfo="none">.exe</filename> to install
|
|
VLC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>BeOS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
Download the Zip file from the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-beos.html">VLC BeOS download
|
|
page</ulink>. Unzip the file in a directory to install VLC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>Mac OS X</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
Download the Mac OS X package from the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-macosx.html">VLC
|
|
MacOS X download page</ulink> . Double-click on the icon of the
|
|
package : an icon will appear on your Desktop, right beside your
|
|
drive(s). Open it and drag the VLC application from the resulting
|
|
window to the place where you want to install it (it should be
|
|
<filename moreinfo="none">/Applications</filename>).
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>Debian GNU/Linux</title>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>Debian stable (woody)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Add the following lines to your
|
|
|
|
<filename moreinfo="none">/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting format="linespecific">
|
|
deb http://www.videolan.org/pub/videolan/debian $(ARCH)/
|
|
deb-src http://www.videolan.org/pub/videolan/debian sources/
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Then, for a normal install, do:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">apt-get update</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">apt-get install gnome-vlc libdvdcss2</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>Debian unstable (sid)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Add the following lines to your
|
|
|
|
<filename moreinfo="none">/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting format="linespecific">
|
|
deb http://www.videolan.org/pub/videolan/debian $(ARCH)/
|
|
deb-src http://www.videolan.org/pub/videolan/debian sources/
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Then, for a normal install, do:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">apt-get update</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">apt-get install wxvlc libdvdcss2</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>Debian testing (sarge)</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
You should not be using Debian testing unless you perfectly know
|
|
what you are doing. It is almost impossible to support Debian testing
|
|
and there are no plans to do it.
|
|
For more informations on Debian testing, please look:
|
|
<ulink url="http://www.debian.org/devel/testing">testing page</ulink>
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>Linux Mandrake</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
There are VLC packages for Mandrake 9.1 and cooker.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
To install them, add the following
|
|
sources for either Mandrake 9.1 or Cooker (you can use <ulink url="http://plf.zarb.org/~nanardon/">Easy urpmi</ulink> for that):
|
|
<emphasis>contrib</emphasis> from the core distribution and
|
|
<emphasis>plf</emphasis> (Penguin Liberation Front) from the external
|
|
add-ons.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Then install the required packages with
|
|
|
|
<command moreinfo="none">urpmi</command>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">urpmi libdvdcss2 libdvdplay0 wxvlc vlc-plugin-a52 vlc-plugin-ogg vlc-plugin-mad</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>Linux Redhat</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Download the RPM package <emphasis>vlc</emphasis> and the packages
|
|
listed in the <emphasis>required libraries and codecs</emphasis>
|
|
section (the other packages are just optional) from the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-redhat.html">VLC Red Hat
|
|
download page</ulink> and put them all into the same directory.</para>
|
|
<para>Then install the RPM packages you have downloaded:</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">rpm -U *.rpm</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
If you have not installed all the RPM packages included with your
|
|
distribution, you may be asked to install a few of them first.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>
|
|
|
|
Compile the sources by yourself (for every other OS)
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>The method below is for any Unix system supported by VLC, for
|
|
which there is no packages available. It explains how to compile and
|
|
install VLC and the needed libraries from their source code.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You can also compile VLC under Linux this way if you want to
|
|
modify the default supported modules.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>Install the libraries
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Many libraries are needed :
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>libdvbpsi</emphasis>
|
|
(compulsory)
|
|
,</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>mpeg2dec</emphasis>
|
|
(compulsory)
|
|
,</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>libdvdcss</emphasis>
|
|
if you want to be able to read encrypted DVDs
|
|
,</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>libdvdplay</emphasis>
|
|
if you want to have DVD menu navigation
|
|
|
|
,</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>a52dec</emphasis>
|
|
if you want to be able to decode the AC3 (i.e. A52)
|
|
sound format often used in DVDs
|
|
,</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>ffmpeg</emphasis>, <emphasis>libmad</emphasis>,
|
|
<emphasis>faad2</emphasis>
|
|
if you want to read MPEG 4 / DivX files
|
|
|
|
,</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>libogg</emphasis> &
|
|
<emphasis>libvorbis</emphasis>
|
|
if you want to read Ogg Vorbis files
|
|
.</para></listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Download the libraries from the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-sources.html">VLC sources
|
|
download page</ulink>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For each library :
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
uncompress :
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">tar xvzf library.tar.gz</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>or</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">tar xvjf library.tar.bz2</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
configure :
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">cd library</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">./configure</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
compile and install :
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">make</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">make install</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
Check that the configuration file <filename moreinfo="none">/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>
|
|
contains the following line :
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting format="linespecific">
|
|
/usr/local/lib
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
If the line is not present, add-it and then run (as root):
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">ldconfig</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
|
|
<sect3><title>
|
|
Install VLC
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
Download the sources of the lastest release : get the
|
|
file <filename moreinfo="none">vlc-version.tar.gz</filename> from the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-sources.html">VLC sources
|
|
download page</ulink>. Uncompress-it :
|
|
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">tar xvzf vlc-version.tar.gz</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">cd vlc-version</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
To get the list of configuration options, do :
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">./configure --help</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Please note that all the modules are described in
|
|
the <emphasis>Modules</emphasis> section of the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/doc/vlc-user-guide/">VLC User
|
|
Guide</ulink>
|
|
.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Examples of very simple configurations:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
if you want a basic VLC, do
|
|
|
|
: </para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">./configure</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
|
|
if you want the Gnome interface instead of the GTK
|
|
interface (you will need the developement packages of Gnome) :
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">./configure --enable-gnome</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Then, compile and install :
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">make</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">su</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">Password: </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none"> [Root Password]</userinput>
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">make install</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
|
|
Please note that the installation (<command moreinfo="none">make install</command>
|
|
command) is not mandatory. You can execute VLC from where you compiled
|
|
it.
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect3>
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Running VLC
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>
|
|
Read a file
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv video1.xyz</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>where <filename moreinfo="none">video1.xyz</filename> is the name of the file you want to play.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>
|
|
Read a DVD or a VCD
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv dvd:/dev/dvd</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>where <filename moreinfo="none">/dev/dvd</filename> is the
|
|
name of your drive (put <filename moreinfo="none">D:</filename> under Windows if
|
|
<filename moreinfo="none">D</filename> is the letter of your DVD drive).</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<note><para>If you are running Linux, you must have write access to the device corresponding to your DVD drive. For that, you should be in the <emphasis>disk</emphasis> or <emphasis>cdrom</emphasis> group (look at the permissions in <filename moreinfo="none">/dev</filename>). If you're not, add yourself to the group :</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">adduser your_login disk_or_cdrom</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>and then restart your session.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
|
|
<sect2><title>
|
|
Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>If VLC doesn't work for you, try to spot an error message in the logs that are printed in the terminal.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Then, read the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/doc/faq/">vlc FAQ</ulink> and have a
|
|
look at the <ulink url="http://bugzilla.videolan.org/">Bugzilla</ulink>
|
|
to see if it is a known issue.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you can't find out the problem, explain it in English in the
|
|
mailing-list <emphasis>vlc@videolan.org</emphasis> and copy-paste in
|
|
your mail the messages of the message window.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect2>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<chapter id="vlc-streamoutput"><title id="tvlc-streamoutput">
|
|
Stream and receive with VLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Unicast an MPEG-1, MPEG-2, or MPEG-4 / DivX file
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>
|
|
Start VLC on the server
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv video1.xyz --sout udp:client.example.org</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>where <filename moreinfo="none">video1.xyz</filename> is the file you want
|
|
to stream and <emphasis>client.example.org</emphasis> is the DNS
|
|
name of the client you want to stream to (you can put an IP address
|
|
instead).</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>
|
|
Start VLC on the client
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv udp:</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Unicast a DVD
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>
|
|
Start VLC on the server
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv dvdold:/dev/dvd --sout udp:client.example.org</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>where <filename moreinfo="none">/dev/dvd</filename> is the name of your DVD drive
|
|
(put <filename moreinfo="none">D:</filename> under Windows if <filename moreinfo="none">D</filename> is
|
|
the letter of your DVD drive) or the directory where you copied your
|
|
DVD, and <emphasis>client.example.org</emphasis> is the DNS name of the
|
|
client you want to stream to (you can put an IP address instead).</para>
|
|
|
|
<note><para>Under Unix/Linux, you must have write access to the device
|
|
corresponding to your DVD drive. For that, you should be in the
|
|
<emphasis>disk</emphasis> or <emphasis>cdrom</emphasis> group (look
|
|
at the permissions in <filename moreinfo="none">/dev</filename>). If you're not, add
|
|
yourself to the group :</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none"># </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">adduser your_login disk_or_cdrom</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
<para>and then restart your session.</para></note>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>
|
|
Start VLC on the server
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv udp:</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Multicast to several VLC's
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>
|
|
What is multicast ?
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>Multicast is a norm implemented in all modern network hardware
|
|
(switches, routers, ...). It provides an intelligent manner to send a
|
|
stream to a dynamic group of machines. If you want to use multicast,
|
|
make sure that all your network hardware support it.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In multicast streaming, the stream is sent to a multicast IP
|
|
address (the IP addresses reserved for this purpose are from 224.0.0.0
|
|
to 239.255.255.255). Then, any machine on the network can join the
|
|
multicast group by sending a request on the network, and it will
|
|
automatically receive the stream. When it sends a request to leave the
|
|
group, it will automatically stop receiving the stream. The advantage
|
|
of multicast streaming is that only the machines that want to receive
|
|
the stream actually receive it, and the streaming server only sends one
|
|
stream even if there are multiple clients receiving it.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>
|
|
Start VLC on the server
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv video1.xyz --sout udp:239.255.12.42 --ttl 12</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>where <filename moreinfo="none">video1.xyz</filename> is the file you
|
|
want to stream (remplace it with <emphasis>dvdold:/dev/dvd</emphasis>
|
|
under Unix or <emphasis>dvdold:D:</emphasis> under Windows if you want
|
|
to multicast a DVD), <emphasis>239.255.12.42</emphasis> is the multicast
|
|
IP address you want to stream on and <emphasis>12</emphasis> is the
|
|
value of the TTL (Time To Live) of your IP packets (which means that the
|
|
multicast stream will be able to cross 12 routers).</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
|
|
<simplesect><title>
|
|
Start VLC on the client(s)
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv udp:@239.255.12.42</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
</simplesect>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<chapter id="vod"><title id="tvod">
|
|
Video On Demand
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Overview
|
|
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>With Video On Demand (VOD), the user can start the video when he
|
|
wants, make pauses, go forward and back in the video. It is of course
|
|
the best in video streaming and the dream for every user.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>VOD is a very big consumer of resources for the server and the
|
|
network. VOD is unicast, not multicast : this means that the network
|
|
and server resources needed are directly proportional to the number of
|
|
clients.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The design of VideoLAN's VOD solution is very simple. The idea
|
|
is to do HTTP streaming, i.e. stream an MPEG video encapsulated in
|
|
HTTP. The regulation of the bitrate between the client and the server
|
|
is done automatically by TCP. With HTTP version 1.1, there is the
|
|
possibility to seek in a file downloaded, that's what we use to seek in
|
|
the video.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
On the server side
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>On the VOD server, you need a running Web server. For example,
|
|
you can use a Linux server running Apache. Other operating systems
|
|
and other Web servers should work too, but we have never tested.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Make your MPEG-1, MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 / DivX files available to the
|
|
clients on the Web server.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For example, we have a Web server whose DNS name
|
|
is <emphasis>localserver</emphasis>. On this server,
|
|
we put an MPEG file <filename moreinfo="none">video1.mpg</filename>
|
|
which will be available to the clients at the URL
|
|
<filename moreinfo="none">http://localserver/video1.mpg</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
On the client side
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv http://localserver/video1.mpg</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>VLC starts to read the stream nearly immediately and you can
|
|
seek in the stream, make pauses, etc... as if the stream was a local
|
|
file.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<chapter id="vlc-sap"><title id="tvlc-sap">
|
|
Add a channel information service
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>Typing multicast addresses is not very fun... that's why you need
|
|
a channel information service ! VideoLAN has implemented a channel
|
|
information service based on the SAP/SDP standard. VLC's stream output
|
|
can send SAP announces when streaming (on the multicast address
|
|
<emphasis>224.2.127.254</emphasis> reserved for this purpose). On the
|
|
client side, VLCs receive these annouces and automatically add the
|
|
programs announced to their playlist. </para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Send announces when streaming with VLC
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To send announces with VLC, you need to use the complex syntax of
|
|
VLC's stream output, like this:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv video1.xyz --sout '#standard{access=udp,url=239.255.12.42,sap="Test Stream"}' --ttl 12</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>where <filename moreinfo="none">video1.xyz</filename> is the file you want
|
|
to stream, <emphasis>239.255.12.42</emphasis> is the multicast IP
|
|
address you want to stream on, <emphasis>Test Stream</emphasis> is
|
|
the name that will be used for this program in the SAP announces and
|
|
<emphasis>12</emphasis> is the value of the TTL (Time To Live) of the
|
|
stream and of the SAP announces.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1><title>
|
|
Start VLC(s) on the client(s)
|
|
|
|
</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Start VLC with the <emphasis>sap</emphasis> interface:
|
|
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<screen format="linespecific">
|
|
<prompt moreinfo="none">% </prompt><userinput moreinfo="none">vlc -vvv --extraintf sap</userinput>
|
|
</screen>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>Then open the playlist: you should see the names of the programs
|
|
announced in SAP. When you double-click on the name of a program,
|
|
VLC will subscribe to the multicast address and start to play the stream
|
|
!</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<chapter id="conclusion"><title id="tconclusion">Conclusion</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<para>VideoLAN can do much more than what is explained in this
|
|
Quickstart. For example, you can use VLC to display image walls or
|
|
to transcode a stream on-the-fly. You can also use VLS to stream
|
|
digital satellite channels and digital terrestial TV channels. To
|
|
know about the full possibilities of VideoLAN, please read the rest
|
|
of the official documentation, that you can find on the <ulink url="http://www.videolan.org/doc/">documentation page</ulink>.</para>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<appendix id="gfdl">
|
|
<title id="tgfdl">GNU Free Documentation License</title>
|
|
<subtitle>Version 1.2, November 2002</subtitle>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote id="fsf-copyright">
|
|
<para>Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
|
|
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
|
|
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.</para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-0"><title>PREAMBLE</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or
|
|
other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
|
|
assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with
|
|
or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
|
|
Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
|
|
to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
|
|
modifications made by others.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
|
|
works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
|
|
complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license
|
|
designed for free software.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for
|
|
free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
|
|
program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
|
|
software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it
|
|
can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
|
|
whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
|
|
principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-1"><title>APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-doc">This License applies to any manual or other work, in
|
|
any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying
|
|
it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice
|
|
grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use
|
|
that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
|
|
refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
|
|
licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
|
|
copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under
|
|
copyright law.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-mod-ver">A "Modified Version" of the Document means any
|
|
work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim,
|
|
or with modifications and/or translated into another language.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-secnd-sect">A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or
|
|
a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the
|
|
relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the
|
|
Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing
|
|
that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the
|
|
Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may
|
|
not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of
|
|
historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of
|
|
legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
|
|
regarding them.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-inv-sect">The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary
|
|
Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant
|
|
Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under
|
|
this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of
|
|
Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The
|
|
Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not
|
|
identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-cov-text">The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of
|
|
text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the
|
|
notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A
|
|
Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at
|
|
most 25 words.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-transparent">A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a
|
|
machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is
|
|
available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the
|
|
document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images
|
|
composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely
|
|
available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text
|
|
formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable
|
|
for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent
|
|
file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to
|
|
thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not
|
|
Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any
|
|
substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called
|
|
"Opaque".</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
|
|
ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or
|
|
XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML,
|
|
PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
|
|
transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
|
|
include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
|
|
proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
|
|
processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated
|
|
HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output
|
|
purposes only.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-title-page">The "Title Page" means, for a printed book,
|
|
the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold,
|
|
legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page.
|
|
For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title
|
|
Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's
|
|
title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para id="gfdl-entitled">A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit
|
|
of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in
|
|
parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language.
|
|
(Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as
|
|
"Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To
|
|
"Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the Document
|
|
means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according to this
|
|
definition.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice
|
|
which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
|
|
Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License,
|
|
but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that
|
|
these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the
|
|
meaning of this License.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-2"><title>VERBATIM COPYING</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
|
|
commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
|
|
copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to
|
|
the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
|
|
conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
|
|
technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying
|
|
of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
|
|
compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
|
|
number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above,
|
|
and you may publicly display copies.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-3"><title>COPYING IN QUANTITY</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly
|
|
have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
|
|
Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
|
|
copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts:
|
|
Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back
|
|
cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the
|
|
publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title
|
|
with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add
|
|
other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited
|
|
to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and
|
|
satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other
|
|
respects.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
|
|
legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
|
|
reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
|
|
pages.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document
|
|
numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable
|
|
Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each
|
|
Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general
|
|
network-using public has access to download using public-standard
|
|
network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of
|
|
added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably
|
|
prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity,
|
|
to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the
|
|
stated location until at least one year after the last time you
|
|
distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers)
|
|
of that edition to the public.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of
|
|
the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
|
|
give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
|
|
Document.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-4"><title>MODIFICATIONS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document
|
|
under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you
|
|
release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the
|
|
Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing
|
|
distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever
|
|
possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the
|
|
Modified Version:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist continuation="restarts" inheritnum="ignore" id="gfdl-modif-cond" numeration="upperalpha">
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a
|
|
title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous
|
|
versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History
|
|
section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous
|
|
version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more
|
|
persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
|
|
the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal
|
|
authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer
|
|
than five), unless they release you from this requirement.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>State on the Title page the name of the publisher of
|
|
the Modified Version, as the publisher.</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Add an appropriate copyright notice for your
|
|
modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a
|
|
license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified
|
|
Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the
|
|
<link linkend="gfdl-addendum">Addendum</link> below.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Preserve in that license notice the full lists of
|
|
Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
|
|
license notice.</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Include an unaltered copy of this License.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its
|
|
Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
|
|
authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title
|
|
Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document,
|
|
create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the
|
|
Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the
|
|
Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Preserve the network location, if any, given in the
|
|
Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
|
|
likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous
|
|
versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History"
|
|
section. You may omit a network location for a work that was
|
|
published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the
|
|
original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or
|
|
"Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the
|
|
section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor
|
|
acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
|
|
unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the
|
|
equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".
|
|
Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
|
|
"Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><simpara>Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
|
|
</simpara></listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
|
|
appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
|
|
copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
|
|
of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
|
|
list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
|
|
These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it
|
|
contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
|
|
parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
|
|
been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
|
|
standard.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text,
|
|
and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the
|
|
list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
|
|
Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through
|
|
arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes
|
|
a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by
|
|
arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may
|
|
not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission
|
|
from the previous publisher that added the old one.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this
|
|
License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to
|
|
assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-5"><title>COMBINING DOCUMENTS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may combine the Document with other documents released under
|
|
this License, under the terms defined in <link linkend="gfdl-4">section
|
|
4</link> above for modified versions, provided that you include in the
|
|
combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original
|
|
documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your
|
|
combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their
|
|
Warranty Disclaimers.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
|
|
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
|
|
copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
|
|
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding
|
|
at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or
|
|
publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the
|
|
same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections
|
|
in the license notice of the combined work.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
|
|
"History" in the various original documents, forming one section
|
|
Entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled
|
|
"Acknowledgements", and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must
|
|
delete all sections Entitled "Endorsements".</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-6"><title>COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
|
|
documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies
|
|
of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is
|
|
included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this
|
|
License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other
|
|
respects.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
|
|
distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
|
|
copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
|
|
License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
|
|
document.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-7"><title>AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other
|
|
separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a
|
|
storage or distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the
|
|
copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal
|
|
rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works
|
|
permit. When the Document is included an aggregate, this License does
|
|
not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
|
|
derivative works of the Document.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
|
|
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
|
|
the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers
|
|
that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic
|
|
equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise
|
|
they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
|
|
aggregate.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-8"><title>TRANSLATION</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
|
|
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
|
|
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
|
|
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
|
|
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
|
|
original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
|
|
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
|
|
Document, and any Warrany Disclaimers, provided that you also include
|
|
the original English version of this License and the original versions
|
|
of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the
|
|
translation and the original version of this License or a notice or
|
|
disclaimer, the original version will prevail.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
|
|
"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its
|
|
Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
|
|
title.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-9"><title>TERMINATION</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
|
|
except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt
|
|
to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
|
|
automatically terminate your rights under this License. However,
|
|
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License
|
|
will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain
|
|
in full compliance.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-10"><title>FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
|
|
the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
|
|
will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
|
|
detail to address new problems or concerns. See
|
|
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
|
|
number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of
|
|
this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option
|
|
of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version
|
|
or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
|
|
Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
|
|
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
|
|
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="gfdl-addendum"><title>ADDENDUM: How to use this License for
|
|
your documents</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy
|
|
of the License in the document and put the following copyright and
|
|
license notices just after the title page:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote id="copyright-sample"><para>
|
|
Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
|
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
|
|
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
|
|
with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
|
|
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
|
|
Free Documentation License".
|
|
</para></blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover
|
|
Texts, replace the "with...Texts." line with this:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote id="inv-cover-sample"><para>
|
|
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
|
|
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
|
|
</para></blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
|
|
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
|
|
situation.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
|
|
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free
|
|
software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit
|
|
their use in free software.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</appendix>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</book>
|