mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
82 lines
3.6 KiB
XML
82 lines
3.6 KiB
XML
<sect1 id="ch02-install" xreflabel="Chapter 2 - How to install the software">
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<title>How to install the software</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="install.html" dir="chapter02"?>
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<para>Before you start using the LFS book, we should point out that all
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of the commands here assume that you are using the bash shell. If you
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aren't, the commands may work but we can't guarantee it. If you want a
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simple life, use bash.</para>
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<para>Before you can actually start doing something with a package, you need
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to unpack it first. Often the package files are tar'ed and
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gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. We're not going to write down every time how to
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unpack an archive. We'll explain how to do that once, in this
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section.</para>
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<para>To start with, change to the $LFS/usr/src directory by running:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>cd $LFS/usr/src</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>If a file is tar'ed and gzip'ed, it is unpacked by
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running either one of the following two commands, depending on the
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filename:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>tar xvzf filename.tar.gz</userinput>
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<userinput>tar xvzf filename.tgz</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>If a file is tar'ed and bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by
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running:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>bzcat filename.tar.bz2 | tar xv</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>Some tar programs (most of them nowadays but not all of them) are
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slightly modified to be able to use bzip2 files directly using either
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the I, the y or the j tar parameter, which works the same as the z tar
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parameter to handle gzip archives. The above construction works no matter how
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your host system decided to patch bzip2.</para>
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<para>If a file is just tar'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>tar xvf filename.tar</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>When an archive is unpacked, a new directory will be created under the
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current directory (and this book assumes that the archives are unpacked
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under the $LFS/usr/src directory). Please enter that new directory
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before continuing with the installation instructions. Again, every time
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this book is going to install a package, it's up to you to unpack the source
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archive and cd into the newly created directory.</para>
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<para>From time to time you will be dealing with single files such as patch
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files. These files are generally gzip'ed or bzip2'ed. Before such files
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can be used they need to be uncompressed first.</para>
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<para>If a file is gzip'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>gunzip filename.gz</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>If a file is bzip2'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para>
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<para><screen><userinput>bunzip2 filename.bz2</userinput></screen></para>
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<para>After a package has been installed, two things can be done with
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it: either the directory that contains the sources can be deleted, or it
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can be kept. We highly recommend deleting it. If you don't do this and
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try to re-use the same source later on in the book (for example re-using
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the source trees from chapter 5 for use in chapter 6), it may not work
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as you expect it to. Source trees from chapter 5 will have your host
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distribution's settings, which don't always apply to the LFS system
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after you enter the chroot'ed environment. Even running something like
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<emphasis>make clean</emphasis> doesn't always guarantee a clean source
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tree.</para>
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<para>So, save yourself a lot of hassle and just remove the source directory
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immediately after you have installed it.</para>
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<para>There is one exception; the kernel source tree. Keep it around as you
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will need it later in this book when building a kernel. Nothing will use
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the kernel tree so the source tree won't be in your way.</para>
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</sect1>
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