mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
61 lines
2.2 KiB
XML
61 lines
2.2 KiB
XML
<sect1 id="ch06-pwdgroup">
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<title>Creating the passwd and group files</title>
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<?dbhtml filename="pwdgroup.html" dir="chapter06"?>
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<para>In order for <emphasis>root</emphasis> to be able to login and for the
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name "root" to be recognized, there need to be relevant entries in the
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<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para>
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<para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following
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command:</para>
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<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"</userinput>
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root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>The actual password for <emphasis>root</emphasis> (the "x" here is just a
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placeholder) will be set later.</para>
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<para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following
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command:</para>
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<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/group << "EOF"</userinput>
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root:x:0:
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bin:x:1:
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sys:x:2:
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kmem:x:3:
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tty:x:4:
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tape:x:5:
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daemon:x:6:
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floppy:x:7:
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disk:x:8:
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lp:x:9:
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dialout:x:10:
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audio:x:11:
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<userinput>EOF</userinput></screen>
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<para>The created groups aren't part of any standard -- they are the groups
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that the MAKEDEV script in the next section uses. Besides the group "root", the
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LSB (<ulink url="http://www.linuxbase.org"/>) recommends only a group "bin",
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with a GID of 1, be present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen
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freely by the user, as well-written packages don't depend on GID numbers but
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use the group's name.</para>
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<para>Lastly, we re-login to the chroot environment. User name and group name
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resolution will start working immediately after the
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<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> files are
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created, because we installed a full Glibc in Chapter 5. This will get rid of
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the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt.</para>
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<screen><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
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<para>Note the use of the <userinput>+h</userinput> directive. This tells
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<userinput>bash</userinput> not to use its internal path hashing. Without this
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directive, <userinput>bash</userinput> would remember the paths to binaries it
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has executed. Since we want to use our newly compiled binaries as soon as
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they are installed, we turn off this function for the duration of this
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chapter.</para>
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</sect1>
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