mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
109 lines
4.8 KiB
XML
109 lines
4.8 KiB
XML
<sect1 id="boot">
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<title>/boot</title>
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<para>This directory contains everything required for the boot process
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except for configuration files not needed at boot time (the most notable
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of those being those that belong to the GRUB boot-loader) and the map
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installer. Thus, the /boot directory stores data that is used before
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the kernel begins executing user-mode programs. This may include redundant
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(back-up) master boot records, sector/system map files, the kernel and
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other important boot files and data that is not directly edited by hand.
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Programs necessary to arrange for the boot loader to be able to boot a
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file are placed in /sbin. Configuration files for boot loaders are placed
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in /etc. The system kernel is located in either / or /boot (or as under
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Debian in /boot but is actually a symbolically linked at / in accordance
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with the FSSTND).</para>
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<para><variablelist><varlistentry><term>/boot/boot.0300</term><listitem><para>Backup
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master boot record.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/boot.b</term><listitem><para>This
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is installed as the basic boot sector. In the case of most modern
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distributions it is actually a symbolic link to one of four files
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/boot/boot-bmp.b, /boot/boot-menu.b, /boot/boot-text.b, /boot/boot-compat.b
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which allow a user to change the boot-up schema so that it utilises a splash
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screen, a simple menu, a text based interface or a minimal boot loader to
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ensure compatibility respectively. In each case re-installation of lilo is
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necessary in order to complete the changes. To change the actual
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'boot-logo' you can either use utilities such as fblogo or the more
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refined bootsplash.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/chain.b</term><listitem><para>Used
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to boot non-Linux operating systems.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/config-kernel-version</term><listitem><para>Installed
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kernel configuration. This file is most useful when compiling kernels on
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other systems or device modules. Below is a small sample of what the
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contents of the file looks like.</para>
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<para><screen>
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CONFIG_X86=y
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CONFIG_MICROCODE=m
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CONFIG_X86_MSR=m
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CONFIG_MATH_EMULATION=y
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CONFIG_MTRR=y
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CONFIG_MODULES=y
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CONFIG_MODVERSIONS=y
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CONFIG_SCSI_DEBUG=m
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CONFIG_I2O=m
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CONFIG_ARCNET_ETH=y
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CONFIG_FMV18X=m
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CONFIG_HPLAN_PLUS=m
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CONFIG_ETH16I=m
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CONFIG_NE2000=m
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CONFIG_HISAX_HFC_PCI=y
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CONFIG_ISDN_DRV_AVMB1_C4=m
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CONFIG_USB_RIO500=m
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CONFIG_QUOTA=y
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CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_ADFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_AFFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_HFS_FS=m
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CONFIG_FAT_FS=y
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CONFIG_MSDOS_FS=y
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CONFIG_UMSDOS_FS=m
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CONFIG_FBCON_VGA=m
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CONFIG_FONT_8x8=y
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CONFIG_FONT_8x16=y
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CONFIG_SOUND=m
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CONFIG_SOUND_CMPCI=m
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CONFIG_AEDSP16=m
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</screen></para>
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<para>As you can see, it's rather
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simplistic. The line begins with the configuration option and whether it's
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configured as part of the kernel, as a module or not at all. Lines beginning
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with a # symbol are comments and are not interpreted during processing.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/os2_d.b</term><listitem><para>Used
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to boot to the 0S/2 operating system.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/map</term><listitem><para>Contains
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the location of the kernel.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/vmlinuz, /boot/vmlinuz-kernel-version</term><listitem><para>Normally the kernel or
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symbolic link to the kernel.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/grub</term><listitem><para>This
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subdirectory contains the GRUB configuration files including boot-up images
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and sounds. GRUB is the GNU GRand Unified Bootloader, a project which
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intends to solve all bootup problems once and for all. One of the most
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interesting features, is that you don't have to install a new partition
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or kernel, you can change all parameters at boot time via the GRUB Console,
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since it knows about the filesystems.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/grub/device.map</term><listitem><para>Maps
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devices in /dev to those used by grub. For example, (/dev/fd0) is
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represented by /dev/fd0 and (hd0, 4) is referenced by /dev/hda5.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry><varlistentry><term>/boot/grub/grub.conf,
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/boot/grub/menu.lst</term><listitem><para>Grub configuration file.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/grub/messages</term><listitem><para>Grub
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boot-up welcome message.</para></listitem></varlistentry>
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<varlistentry><term>/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz</term><listitem><para>Grub
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boot-up background image.</para></listitem></varlistentry></variablelist></para>
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</sect1>
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