mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
185 lines
4.1 KiB
XML
185 lines
4.1 KiB
XML
<sect1 id="The-Root-Directory">
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<title>The Root Directory</title>
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<para>
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To comply with the FSSTND the following directories, or symbolic links
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to directories, are required in /.
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</para>
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<para>
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<screen>
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/bin Essential command binaries
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/boot Static files of the boot loader
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/dev Device files
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/etc Host-specific system configuration
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/lib Essential shared libraries and kernel modules
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/media Mount point for removeable media
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/mnt Mount point for mounting a filesystem temporarily
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/opt Add-on application software packages
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/sbin Essential system binaries
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/srv Data for services provided by this system
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/tmp Temporary files
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/usr Secondary hierarchy
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/var Variable data
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>The following directories, or symbolic links to directories,
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must be in /, if the corresponding subsystem is installed:</para>
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<para>
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<screen>
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/ -- the root directory
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/home User home directories (optional)
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/lib<qual> Alternate format essential shared libraries
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(optional)
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/root Home directory for the root user (optional)
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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Each directory listed above is described in detail
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in separate subsections further on in this document.
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</para>
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<para>
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The reference system will be based upon Debian 3.0r0 (Woody),
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2.4.18 kernel configured to a Redhat kernel-2.4.18-i686.config file.
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</para>
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<para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Hardware</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Intel Celeron 766 Processor</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>MSI MS-6309 V.2.0 Mainboard</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>512MB PQI PC133 SDRAM</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>16x Lite-On LTD-165H DVD-ROM</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>40x24x10 Sony CRX175A1 CD-RW</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>NVIDIA RIVA 32MB TNT2 M64</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>D-Link DFE-530TX 10/100 NIC</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Realtek RTL8029(AS) 10 NIC</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Lucent Mars2 Linmodem</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>C-Media CMI8738 PCI Audio Device</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Miro DC-30 VIVO</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Aopen KF-45A Miditower Case</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Acer Accufeel Keyboard</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Genius Netscroll+ Mouse</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Compaq MV500 Presario Monitor</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Software</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Windows XP on /dev/hda1</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>FreeBSD 4.2 on /dev/hda2</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Redhat 8.0 on /dev/hda5</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Debian 3.0r0 on /dev/hda6</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Mandrake 9.1 on /dev/hda7</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Swap partition on /dev/hda8</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</para>
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<para>
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As we all know Linux file system starts with /, the root directory.
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All other directories are 'children' of this directory. The partition
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which the root file system resides on is mounted first during boot and
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the system will not boot if it doesn't find it. On our reference system,
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the root directory contains the following sub-directories:
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</para>
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<para>
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<emphasis>bin/ dev/ home/ lost+found/ proc/ sbin/ usr/ cdrom/ opt/ vmlinuz
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boot/ etc/ lib/ mnt/ root/ tmp/ var/ dvd/ floppy/ initrd/ /tftpboot
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</emphasis>
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</para>
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<para>
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In days past it was also the home directory of 'root' but now he has
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been given his own directory for reasons that will be explained further
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on in this document.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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