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<title> Linux Cluster HOWTO </title>
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<author>Ram Samudrala <tt>(me@ram.org)</tt> </author>
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<date> v0.96, May 30, 2002 </date>
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<date> v0.97, September 26, 2002 </date>
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<abstract>
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How to set up high-performance Linux computing clusters.
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@ -62,6 +62,22 @@ recent is listed first). </p>
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<p> 32 machines have the following setup each:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD Palamino MP XP 2000+ 1.67 GHz CPUs </item>
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<item> Asus A7M266-D w/LAN Dual DDR </item>
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<item> 2 Kingston 512mb PC2100 DDR-266MHz REG ECC RAM </item>
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<item> 1 41 GB Maxtor 7200rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> 1 120 GB Maxtor 5400rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> Asus CD-A520 52x CDROM </item>
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<item> 1.44mb floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb </item>
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<item> IN-WIN P4 300ATX Mid Tower case </item>
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<item> Enermax P4-430ATX power supply </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 32 machines have the following setup each:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD Palamino MP XP 1800+ 1.53 GHz CPUs </item>
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<item> Tyan S2460 Dual Socket-A/MP motherboard </item>
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@ -73,6 +89,7 @@ recent is listed first). </p>
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<item> ATI Expert 98 8mb AGP video card </item>
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<item> IN-WIN P4 300ATX Mid Tower case </item>
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<item> Intel PCI PRO-100 10/100Mbps network card </item>
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<item> Enermax P4-430ATX power supply </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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@ -101,15 +118,16 @@ recent is listed first). </p>
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following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs </item>
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<item> Supermicro 370 DLE Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard </item>
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<item> 2 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM </item>
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<item> 1 20 GB Maxtor ATA/66 5400 RPM HD </item>
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<item> 2 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD </item>
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<item> Asus CD-S500 50x CDROM </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 98 8 MB PCI video card </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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<item> 2 AMD Palamino MP XP 2000+ 1.67 GHz CPUs </item>
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<item> Asus A7M266-D w/LAN Dual DDR </item>
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<item> 4 Kingston 512mb PC2100 DDR-266MHz REG ECC RAM </item>
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<item> Asus CD-A520 52x CDROM </item>
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<item> 1 41 GB Maxtor 7200rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> 6 120 GB Maxtor 5400rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> 1.44mb floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb </item>
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<item> IN-WIN P4 300ATX Mid Tower case </item>
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<item> Enermax P4-430ATX power supply </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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@ -121,6 +139,22 @@ following setup:
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD Palamino MP XP 2000+ 1.67 GHz CPUs </item>
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<item> Asus A7M266-D w/LAN Dual DDR </item>
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<item> 2 Kingston 512mb PC2100 DDR-266MHz REG ECC RAM </item>
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<item> Ricoh 32x12x10 CDRW/DVD Combo EIDE </item>
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<item> 1 41 GB Maxtor 7200rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> 1 120 GB Maxtor 5400rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> 1.44mb floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb </item>
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<item> IN-WIN P4 300ATX Mid Tower case </item>
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<item> Intel PCI PRO-100 10/100Mbps network card </item>
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<item> Enermax P4-430ATX power supply </item>
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</itemize>
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Intel Xeon 1.7 GHz 256K 400FS </item>
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<item> Supermicro P4DCE Dual Xeon motherboard </item>
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@ -187,7 +221,26 @@ following setup:
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 4 desktops with the following setup:
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs </item>
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<item> Supermicro 370 DE6 Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM </item>
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<item> 3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD </item>
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<item> Ricoh 32x12x10 CDRW/DVD Combo EIDE </item>
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<item> Asus CD-A520 52x CDROM </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> Asus V7700 64mb GeForce2-GTS AGP video card </item>
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<item> Creative SB Live Platinum 5.1 sound card </item>
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<item> Microsoft Natural Keyboard </item>
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<item> Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 3 desktops with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs </item>
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@ -202,7 +255,6 @@ following setup:
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<item> Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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</sect1>
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@ -221,10 +273,12 @@ following setup:
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<p> Monitors:
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<itemize>
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<item> 1 20.1" Viewsonic VP201M LCD monitor </item>
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<item> 1 22" Viewsonic P220F 0.25-0.27m monitor </item>
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<item> 4 21" Sony CPD-G500 .24mm monitor </item>
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<item> 2 18" Viewsonic VP181 LCD monitor </item>
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<item> 1 17" Viewsonic VE170 LCD monitor </item>
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<item> 2 Sun monitors </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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@ -252,8 +306,11 @@ more monitor switches/KVM cables. </p>
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<p> Networking is important:
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<itemize>
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<item> 1 Cisco Catalyst 3448 XL Enterprise Edition 48 port network switch. </item>
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<item> 1 Netgear FS750NA 48 port network switch </item>
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<item> 1 Netgear FS524 24 port network switch </item>
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<item> 1 Cisco Catalyst 3448 XL Enterprise Edition 48 port network switch </item>
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<item> 1 Netgear ME102NA Wireless Access Point </item>
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<item> 1 Netgear MA401NA Wireless PCMCIA network card </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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@ -331,32 +388,31 @@ copiable. </p>
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<tscreen><verb>
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farm/cluster machines:
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hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hda2 - / (remaining disk space)
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hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
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hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hda2 - / (remaining disk space)
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hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
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desktops (without windows):
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hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hda2 - / (4 GB)
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hda3 - /home (remaining disk space)
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hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
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hdd1 - /maxb (total disk)
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hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hda2 - / (4 GB)
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hda3 - /spare (remaining disk space)
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hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
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hdd1 - /maxb (total disk)
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desktops (with windows):
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hda1 - /win (total disk)
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hdb1 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hdb2 - / (4 GB)
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hdb3 - /home (remaining disk space)
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hdd1 - /maxa (total disk)
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hda1 - /win (total disk)
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hdb1 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hdb2 - / (4 GB)
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hdb3 - /spare (remaining disk space)
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hdd1 - /maxa (total disk)
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laptops (single disk):
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hda1 - /win (half the total disk size)
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hda2 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hda3 - / (4 GB)
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hda4 - /home (remaining disk space)
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hda1 - /win (half the total disk size)
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hda2 - swap (2 * RAM)
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hda3 - / (4 GB)
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</verb></tscreen>
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</p>
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@ -532,15 +588,16 @@ applications you wish to run. </p>
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<sect1> Rough benchmarks
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<p> For the single most important program we run (our ab initio
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protein folding simulation program), using the Pentium 3 1 GHz
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processor machine as a reference frame, the Athlon 1.2 GHz processor
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machine is about 16% faster on average, the Pentium 4 1.7 GHz machine
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is about 25-32% faster on average, and the Athlon 1.5 GHz processor is
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about 80% faster on average (yes, the Athlon 1.5 GHz is faster than
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the Xeon 1.7 GHz since the Xeon executes only six instructions per
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clock (IPC) whereas the Athlon executes nine IPC (you do the math!)).
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</p>
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<p> For the single most important program we run (our <it>ab
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initio</it> protein folding simulation program), using the Pentium 3 1
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GHz processor machine as a reference frame, the Athlon 1.2 GHz
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processor machine is about 16% faster on average, the Pentium 4 1.7
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GHz machine is about 25-32% faster on average, the Athlon 1.5 GHz
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processor is about 38% faster on average, and the Athlon 1.7 GHz
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processor is about 46% faster on average (yes, the Athlon 1.5 GHz is
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faster than the Xeon 1.7 GHz since the Xeon executes only six
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instructions per clock (IPC) whereas the Athlon executes nine IPC (you
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do the math!)). </p>
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</sect1>
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