diff --git a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/AI-Alife-HOWTO.sgml b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/AI-Alife-HOWTO.sgml index a2c78a69..eaa15014 100644 --- a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/AI-Alife-HOWTO.sgml +++ b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/AI-Alife-HOWTO.sgml @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ GNU/Linux AI & Alife HOWTO <author>by <htmlurl url="mailto:jae@zhar.net" name="John Eikenberry"> -<date>v2.0, 17 Feb 2004 +<date>v2.1, 07 Aug 2004 <!-- hhmts start --> <!-- hhmts end --> @@ -50,6 +50,14 @@ GNU/Linux specifically in mind. <p> <itemize> + <item>v2.1 - In progress. + + New entries: <ref id="NLTK">, <ref id="NEURObjects">, <ref id="KANREN">, + <ref id="Neural Networks at your Fingertips">, <ref id="SimWorld">, + <ref id="SimAgent">, <ref id="Fuzzy sets for Ada">, <ref id="maxent">, + <ref id="Evo">, <ref id="breve"> and <ref id="AJA"> + + <item>v2.0 - Ran linkchecker and for any bad links I either found a new link or removed the item. See the new section MIA for a list of the removed entries (please let me know if you know of a new home for them). @@ -119,7 +127,7 @@ will find this document helpful. <sect1>Copyright/License <p> -Copyright (c) 1996-2000 John A. Eikenberry +Copyright (c) 1996-2004 John A. Eikenberry LICENSE @@ -168,7 +176,8 @@ LICENSE document available in source format. - <sect>Traditional Artificial Intelligence + +<sect>Traditional Artificial Intelligence <p> Traditional AI is based around the ideas of logic, rule systems, linguistics, and the concept of rationality. At its @@ -187,8 +196,6 @@ LICENSE the artificial intelligence field. They are not meant as stand alone applications, but rather as tools for building your own applications. - - <descrip> <label id="ACL2"> @@ -325,6 +332,28 @@ LICENSE 61131-7 standard. + <label id="Fuzzy sets for Ada"> + <tag/Fuzzy sets for Ada/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://www.dmitry-kazakov.de/ada/fuzzy.htm" + name="www.dmitry-kazakov.de/ada/fuzzy.htm"> + <item>Freshmeat: <htmlurl + url="http://freshmeat.net/projects/fuzzy/" + name="freshmeat.net/projects/fuzzy/"> + </itemize> + + Fuzzy sets for Ada is a library providing implementations of confidence + factors with the operations not, and, or, xor, +, and *, classical + fuzzy sets with the set-theoretic operations and the operations of the + possibility theory, intuitionistic fuzzy sets with the operations on + them, fuzzy logic based on the intuitionistic fuzzy sets and the + possibility theory; fuzzy numbers, both integer and floating-point with + conventional arithmetical operations, and linguistic variables and sets + of linguistic variables with operations on them. String-oriented I/O + is supported. + + <label id="HTK"> <tag/HTK/ <itemize> @@ -369,6 +398,22 @@ LICENSE Source and documentation available from link above. + <label id="KANREN"> + <tag/KANREN/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://kanren.sourceforge.net/" + name="kanren.sourceforge.net"> + </itemize> + + KANREN is a declarative logic programming system with first-class + relations, embedded in a pure functional subset of Scheme. The system + has a set-theoretical semantics, true unions, fair scheduling, + first-class relations, lexically-scoped logical variables, depth-first + and iterative deepening strategies. The system achieves high + performance and expressivity without cuts. + + <label id="LK"> <tag/LK/ <itemize> @@ -388,6 +433,24 @@ LICENSE heuristic more robust in the face of clustered data. + <label id="maxent"> + <tag/maxent/ + <itemize> + <item>Python/C++ version: <htmlurl + url="http://www.nlplab.cn/zhangle/software/maxent/" + name="www.nlplab.cn/zhangle/software/maxent/"> + <item>Java version: <htmlurl + url="http://maxent.sourceforge.net/" + name="maxent.sourceforge.net"> + </itemize> + + The Maximum Entropy Toolkit provides a set of tools and library for + constructing maximum entropy (maxent) models in either Python or C++. + It features conditional maximum entropy models, L-BFGS and GIS + parameter estimation, Gaussian Prior smoothing, a C++ API, a Python + extension module, a command line utility, and good documentation. + + <label id="Nyquist"> <tag/Nyquist/ <itemize> @@ -874,6 +937,30 @@ LICENSE extending the knowledge base of NICOLE. + <label id="NLTK"> + <tag/NLTK/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://nltk.sourceforge.net/" + name="nltk.sourceforge.net"> + </itemize> + + NLTK, the Natural Language Toolkit, is a suite of Python libraries and + programs for symbolic and statistical natural language processing. + NLTK includes graphical demonstrations and sample data. It is + accompanied by extensive documentation, including tutorials that + explain the underlying concepts behind the language processing tasks + supported by the toolkit. + + + NLTK is ideally suited to students who are learning NLP (natural + language processing) or conducting research in NLP or closely related + areas, including empirical linguistics, cognitive science, artificial + intelligence, information retrieval, and machine learning. NLTK has + been used successfully as a teaching tool, as an individual study tool, + and as a platform for prototyping and building research systems. + + <label id="Otter"> <tag/Otter: An Automated Deduction System/ <itemize> @@ -1013,7 +1100,8 @@ LICENSE </descrip> - <sect>Connectionism + +<sect>Connectionism <p> Connectionism is a technical term for a group of related techniques. These techniques include areas such as Artificial @@ -1197,6 +1285,37 @@ LICENSE neural network. + <label id="Neural Networks at your Fingertips"> + <tag/Neural Networks at your Fingertips/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://www.neural-networks-at-your-fingertips.com/" + name="www.neural-networks-at-your-fingertips.com"> + </itemize> + + A set of C packages that illustrate Adaline networks, back-propagation, + the Hopfield model, BAM, Boltzman, CPN, SOM, and ART1. Coded in + portable, self-contained ANSI C. With complete example applications + from a variety of well-known application domains. + + + <label id="NEURObjects"> + <tag/NEURObjects/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://www.disi.unige.it/person/ValentiniG/NEURObjects/" + name="www.disi.unige.it/person/ValentiniG/NEURObjects/"> + </itemize> + + NEURObjects is a set of C++ library classes for neural networks + development. The main goal of the library consists in supporting + researchers and practitioners in developing new neural network methods + and applications, exploiting the potentialities of object-oriented + design and programming. NEURObjects provides also general purpose + applications for classification problems and can be used for fast + prototyping of inductive machine learning applications. + + <label id="Pulcinella"> <tag/Pulcinella/ <itemize> @@ -1302,13 +1421,13 @@ LICENSE </itemize> - <label id="C++ ANNs"> <tag/Various (C++) Neural Networks/ <itemize> - <item>Web site: <htmlurl url="http://www.dontveter.com/nnsoft/nnsoft.html" name="www.dontveter.com/nnsoft/nnsoft.html"> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://www.dontveter.com/nnsoft/nnsoft.html" + name="www.dontveter.com/nnsoft/nnsoft.html"> </itemize> - Example neural net codes from the book, <htmlurl url="http://www.dontveter.com/basisofai/basisofai.html" name="The @@ -1474,7 +1593,6 @@ LICENSE You will need to change '-ltermlib' to '-ltermcap'. - <label id="Neureka ANS"> <tag/Neureka ANS (nn/xnn)/ <itemize> @@ -1482,7 +1600,6 @@ LICENSE url="ftp://ftp.ii.uib.no/pub/neureka/" name="ftp.ii.uib.no/pub/neureka/"> </itemize> - nn is a high-level neural network specification language. The current version is best suited for feed-forward nets, but @@ -1513,7 +1630,6 @@ LICENSE some environmental variables (NNLIBDIR & NNINCLUDEDIR are required). You can read about these (and a few other optional variables) in appendix A of the documentation (pg 113). - <label id="NEURON"> @@ -1552,7 +1668,6 @@ LICENSE url="ftp://unix.hensa.ac.uk/mirrors/pdp++/" name="unix.hensa.ac.uk/mirrors/pdp++/"> </itemize> - As the field of Connectionist modeling has grown, so has the need for a comprehensive simulation environment for the development and @@ -1592,10 +1707,11 @@ LICENSE or CPU constraints <item>delayed links for recurrent networks <item>fixed values or thresholds can be specified for weights - <item>(recurrent) back-propagation, Hebb, differential Hebb, simulated - annealing and more - <item>patterns can be specified with bits, floats, characters, numbers, - and random bit patterns with Hamming distances can be chosen for you + <item>(recurrent) back-propagation, Hebb, differential Hebb, + simulated annealing and more + <item>patterns can be specified with bits, floats, characters, + numbers, and random bit patterns with Hamming distances can + be chosen for you <item>user definable error functions <item>output results can be used without modification as input </itemize> @@ -1609,7 +1725,6 @@ LICENSE url="http://www.amk.ca/python/unmaintained/" name="http://www.amk.ca/python/unmaintained/"> </itemize> - Simple neural network code, which implements a class for 3-level networks (input, hidden, and output layers). The only learning @@ -1628,7 +1743,6 @@ LICENSE url="http://www.uni-frankfurt.de/fb13/iap/e_ag_rt/SCNN/" name="www.uni-frankfurt.de/fb13/iap/e_ag_rt/SCNN/"> </itemize> - SCNN is an universal simulating system for Cellular Neural Networks (CNN). CNN are analog processing neural networks @@ -1950,6 +2064,9 @@ LICENSE <item>Web site: <htmlurl url="http://gaul.sourceforge.net/" name="gaul.sourceforge.net"> + <item>SF project site: <htmlurl + url="http://sourceforge.net/projects/gaul/" + name="sourceforge.net/projects/gaul/"> </itemize> The Genetic Algorithm Utility Library (GAUL) is a flexible programming @@ -2369,7 +2486,8 @@ LICENSE - <sect>Alife & Complex Systems + +<sect>Alife & Complex Systems <p> Alife takes yet another approach to exploring the mysteries of @@ -2483,6 +2601,21 @@ LICENSE designed to support individual-oriented modelling and simulation of ecological systems. + <label id="Evo"> + <tag/Evo/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://omicrongroup.org/evo/" + name="omicrongroup.org/evo/"> + </itemize> + + Evo is a software development framework that allows developers to build + complex alife simulations. Using Evo, researchers can easily build + systems of independent agents interacting with one another and with + their environment. Evo implements biological operators such as genetic + recombination and mutation to evolve the behavior of agents so that + they are more adapted to their environment. + <label id="Integrating Modelling Toolkit"> <tag/Integrating Modelling Toolkit/ @@ -2524,6 +2657,22 @@ LICENSE into a swarm application. + <label id="SimWorld"> + <tag/SimWorld/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://www.nd.edu/~airolab/simworld/" + name="www.nd.edu/~airolab/simworld/"> + </itemize> + + SimWorld is a free artificial life simulation (based on the free + <ref id="SimAgent"> toolkit developed by Aaron Sloman), which provides + functionality for running different interacting agents and objects in a + simulated, continuous environment. The agents are controlled by rules + written in the powerful rule interpreter. New behaviors of agents can + be defined without any programming knowledge. + + <label id="Swarm"> <tag/Swarm/ <itemize> @@ -2594,6 +2743,22 @@ LICENSE living systems (such as self-organization), and other issues pertaining to theoretical or evolutionary biology and dynamic systems. + + <label id="breve"> + <tag/breve/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://www.spiderland.org/breve/" + name="www.spiderland.org/breve/"> + </itemize> + + breve is a free software package which makes it easy to build 3D + simulations of decentralized systems and artificial life. Users define + the behaviors of agents in a 3D world and observe how they interact. + breve includes physical simulation and collision detection so you can + simulate realistic creatures, and an OpenGL display engine so you can + visualize your simulated worlds. + <label id="BugsX"> <tag/BugsX/ @@ -2943,7 +3108,8 @@ LICENSE - <sect>Agents + +<sect>Agents <p> Also known as intelligent software agents or just agents, this area of AI research deals with simple applications of small @@ -3016,6 +3182,22 @@ LICENSE supports J-AAPI. + <label id="AJA"> + <tag/AJA/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://home.arcor.de/michal.badonsky/AJA/" + name="home.arcor.de/michal.badonsky/AJA/"> + </itemize> + + AJA (Adaptable Java Agents) consists of two programming languages. + HADL (Higher Agent Definition Language) is a higher-level language used + for the description of the main agent parts. Java+ is the lower-level + language used for the programming of the agent parts defined in HADL. + It is actually Java enriched with the constructs for accessing + higher-level agent parts defined in HADL. + + <label id="A.L.I.C.E."> <tag/A.L.I.C.E./ <itemize> @@ -3728,6 +3910,24 @@ name="www.boswa.com/boswabits/"> variety of board elements. + <label id="SimAgent"> + <tag/SimAgent/ + <itemize> + <item>Web site: <htmlurl + url="http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~axs/cogaff/simagent.html" + name="www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~axs/cogaff/simagent.html"> + </itemize> + + The SimAgent toolkit provides a range of resources for research and + teaching related to the development of interacting agents in + environments of various degrees and kinds of complexity. It can be run + as a pure simulation tool, or installed in a robot with a sufficiently + powerful on-board computer, e.g. running linux. It was originally + developed to support exploratory research on human-like intelligent + agents, but has also been used for student projects developing a + variety of interactive games and simulations. + + <label id="SimRobot"> <tag/SimRobot/ <itemize> @@ -3984,7 +4184,8 @@ name="www.csee.umbc.edu/tkqml/"> </descrip> - <sect>Programming languages + +<sect>Programming languages <p> While any programming language can be used for artificial diff --git a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml index 279a78d7..72b4d0ad 100644 --- a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml +++ b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ <title>LILO mini-HOWTO <author>Miroslav "Misko" Skoric, <tt/skoric at eunet dot yu/ -<date>v3.20, 2004-06-21 +<date>v3.20, 2004-08-09 <abstract> <nidx>linux loader windows nt 2000 boot laptop hp</nidx> LILO is the most used <bf/Li/nux <bf/Lo/ader for the x86 flavor of @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ This version of Lilo mini-HOWTO is based on work of Cameron Spitzer (<tt>cls@truffula.sj.ca.us</tt>) and Alessandro Rubini (<tt>rubini@linux.it</tt>). There are also contributions from Tony Harris (<tt>tony@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu</tt>) and Marc Tanguy -(<tt>tanguy@ens.uvsq.fr</tt>). Well, I have used materials from +(<tt>mtanguy@ens.uvsq.fr</tt>). Well, I have used materials from the authors mentioned - <bf>without changes</bf> - and added some pointers related to configuring LILO for using with Windows NT and Windows 2000. More detailed information about the activation of Windows NT/2000 from LILO @@ -1610,3 +1610,22 @@ it <em/brief/ as a complete log file dumped to Usenet News is more than a little annoying. </article> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +