mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
aldev updates
This commit is contained in:
alavoor
parent
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@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
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</affiliation>
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</author>
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<pubdate>
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v6.1, 22 June 2003
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v6.3, 4 July 2003
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</pubdate>
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<abstract>
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<para>
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@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Each and every University in the world compiles the OS kernel
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Each and every University, School and College in the world compiles the OS kernel
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before using any computer!
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</para>
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</listitem>
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@ -176,13 +176,10 @@
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<ulink url="http://www.milkywaygalaxy.freeservers.com">
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"http://www.milkywaygalaxy.freeservers.com"
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</ulink>
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. You may want to check there for changes). Mirror sites are at -
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<ulink url="http://www.angelfire.com/country/aldev0">
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angelfire
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</ulink>
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,
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<ulink url="http://www.geocities.com/alavoor/index.html">
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geocities
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. You may want to check there for changes).
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Mirror sites are at -
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<ulink url="http://milkyway.bounceme.net">
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http://milkyway.bounceme.net
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</ulink>
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. These sites have lot of linux goodies and tips.
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</para>
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@ -224,9 +221,12 @@
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</emphasis>
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This step may save you time, if you want to reuse the old settings.
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Whenever you install the kernel, generally you put the config file in
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/boot. So, you can use the existing version of config file:
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/boot. Do not save the .config as .config.save because
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'make mrproper' will wipe out all .config* files!!
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So, you can use the existing version of config file:
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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bash# mv /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/linux/.config.save
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bash# mkdir /usr/src/kernelconfigs
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bash# mv /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save
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bash# cp /boot/config-2.4.18-19.8.0 /usr/src/linux/.config
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</programlisting>
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Or another method is - you can copy the .config file from your old
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@ -266,9 +266,11 @@
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<listitem>
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<para>
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cd /usr/src/linux; cp .config .config.save;
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make clean; make mrproper
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cp .config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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cd /usr/src/linux;
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mkdir /usr/src/kernelconfigs ;
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cp /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save;
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make clean; make mrproper; make clean;
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cp /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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</para>
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</listitem>
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@ -315,7 +317,7 @@
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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make install # But NOT recommended - use cp
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make install # But "NOT recommended" - use cp
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/usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/bzImage.myker
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</para>
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<para>
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@ -404,7 +406,7 @@
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Unpack the sources:
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</emphasis>
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Login in as 'root' throughout all these steps. Mount Redhat
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linux cdrom and install the linux kernel source rpm
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linux cdrom (Disc 2 of Redhat9) and install the linux kernel source rpm
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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bash$ su - root
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bash# cd /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS
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@ -426,7 +428,17 @@
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<ulink url="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/kondara/jirai/i586/bin86-0.4-8k.i586.html">
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bin86-kondara
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</ulink>
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). Also make sure that /usr/src/linux is soft link pointing to
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). In latest Redhat 9, the kernel-source.rpm contains the kernel-headers.
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Usually kernel source is on Redhat discs or in SRPMs disc. Otherwise,
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you can get from
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<ulink url="http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=kernel-source&submit=Search+...&system=&arch=">
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rpmfind.net kernel-source
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</ulink>
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(look for RawHide for latest Redhat) and
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<ulink url="http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=kernel-headers&submit=Search+...&system=&arch=">
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rpmfind.net kernel-headers
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</ulink>.
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Also make sure that /usr/src/linux is soft link pointing to
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proper unpacked source.
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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bash# cd /usr/src
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@ -458,10 +470,12 @@
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file.
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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bash# cd /usr/src/linux
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bash# cp .config .config.save
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bash# mkdir /usr/src/kernelconfigs ;
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bash# cp /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save;
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bash# make clean
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bash# make mrproper # Must do this if want to start clean slate or if you face lot of problems
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bash# cp .config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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bash# make mrproper # "MUST DO THIS mrproper", otherwise you will face hell lot of problems !!
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bash# make clean
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bash# cp /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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@ -474,11 +488,18 @@
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</emphasis>
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This step may save you time, if you want to reuse the old
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settings. Whenever you install the kernel, generally you put the
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config file in /boot. So, you can use the existing version of
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config file:
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config file in /boot. There are some baseline config files
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which are located in /usr/src/linux/configs/kernel-*.config
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which you can use.
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So, you can use the existing version of config file:
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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bash# mv /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/linux/.config.save
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bash# mkdir /usr/src/kernelconfigs ;
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bash# cp /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save;
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bash# cp /boot/config-2.4.18-19.8.0 /usr/src/linux/.config
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Or copy from the default vanilla config file from /usr/src/linux/configs
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bash# cp /usr/src/linux/configs/kernel-2.4.18-i686.config /usr/src/linux/.config
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Or for athlon processors
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bash# cp /usr/src/linux/configs/kernel-2.4.18-athlon.config /usr/src/linux/.config
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</programlisting>
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Or another method is - you can copy the .config file from your
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old linux kernel source tree to new kernel tree
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@ -827,6 +848,15 @@
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<title>
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Loadable Modules
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</title>
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<para>
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Everyone who used 'Loadable Modules' really "loves" them!! I like the
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Loadable Modules, they are really cute and they break up a large task
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into tiny manageable pieces. When you start using them, I can bet
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that you will fall in love them! Loadable Module is peculiar only
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to Linux. Linux is the first operating system in the world to introduce the
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concept of Loadable Module. No other operating system has this concept,
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but in near future other operating systems may implement this.
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</para>
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<para>
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Loadable kernel modules can save memory and ease configuration. The
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scope of modules has grown to include filesystems, ethernet card
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@ -1002,7 +1032,8 @@
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modules_install'. And later you did 'make clean' to free up disk
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space. And now, you want to change a "C" file in one of the modules
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and want to rebuild just that module and copy the module file to
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/lib/modules. How do you do it?
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/lib/modules. How do you do it? And, you do not want to give 'make modules'
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as that will rebuild everything and will take about 2 to 3 hours!
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</para>
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<para>
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You can compile just a single module file (say like foo.o) and install
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@ -1010,12 +1041,23 @@
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only those directories you are interested.
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</para>
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<para>
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For an example, if I am interested in installing only fs/autofs
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A good example is - I found that my default kernel did not include the
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NTFS filesystem support (I did make clean after make modules. Darn and Damn it!).
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So, I decided to compile
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the loadable module of NTFS. I did not want to compile the whole set
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(as it will take me about 2 hours), so I followed the procedure below and
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compiled just the fs/ntfs and did 'insmod ntfs'. It just took me about
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5 minutes!!
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</para>
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<para>
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Another example: If I am interested in installing only fs/autofs
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module, then I do the following :
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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cd /usr/src/linux
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cp Makefile Makefile.my
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vi Makefile.my
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mv Makefile Makefile.original
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cp Makefile.original Makefile.my
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ln -s Makefile.my Makefile # Because some files underneath still need "Makefile"
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vi Makefile.my
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# And comment out the line having 'SUBDIRS' and add the
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# directory you are interested, for example like fs/autofs as below :
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#SUBDIRS =kernel drivers mm fs net ipc lib abi crypto
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@ -1024,8 +1066,22 @@
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make -f Makefile.my modules
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# This will create module autofs.o
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# Now, copy the module object file to destination /lib/modules
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make -f Makefile.my modules_install
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# And this will do 'cp autofs.o /lib/modules/2.4.18-19.8.0/kernel/fs/autofs'
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# DANGER: Do NOT DO THIS - "make -f Makefile.my modules_install" This may
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# clean up other good ones in /lib/modules !! But just copy as below:
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cp autofs.o /lib/modules/2.4.18-19.8.0/kernel/fs/autofs
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# Now, reset everything back to normal
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rm Makefile # This is a link to Makefile.my
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ln -s Makefile.original Makefile
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# Record your changes to the config file for future use
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# Edit the /usr/src/linux/.config file and set the item as module
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cd /usr/src/linux
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mkdir /usr/src/kernelconfigs ;
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cp /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save;
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vi /usr/src/linux/.config
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# And change the config parameter. For example in case of my
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# ntfs module I did CONFIG_NTFS_FS=m to indicate as module.
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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@ -4294,10 +4350,12 @@ Save and rerun lilo.
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as shown below:
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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bash# cd /usr/src/linux
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bash# cp .config .config.save
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bash# mkdir /usr/src/kernelconfigs ;
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bash# cp /usr/src/linux/.config /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save;
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bash# make clean
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bash# make mrproper # Must do this if want to start clean slate or if you face lot of problems
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bash# cp .config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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bash# make mrproper # "MUST DO THIS mrproper", otherwise you will face hell lot of problems !!
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bash# make clean
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bash# cp /usr/src/kernelconfigs/.config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</sect2>
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@ -4405,7 +4463,7 @@ bash# cp .config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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gives compile problems. You should give 'make mrproper' before doing
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make.
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<programlisting format="linespecific">
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bash# make clean && make mrproper
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bash# make clean && make mrproper # "MUST DO THIS mrproper", otherwise you will face hell lot of problems !!
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</programlisting>
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If this problem persists, then try menuconfig instead of xconfig.
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Sometimes GUI version xconfig causes some problems:
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@ -4478,7 +4536,8 @@ bash# cp .config.save .config # In case you want to reuse the config file ??
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bash# cd /usr/src/linux
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bash# make dep
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bash# make clean
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bash# make mrproper
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bash# make mrproper # "MUST DO THIS mrproper", otherwise you will face hell lot of problems !!
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bash# make clean
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bash# nohup make bzImage &
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bash# tail -f nohup.out (.... to monitor the progress)
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bash# make modules
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