- Well, so far - so good. After you have checked
all configuration files, you may start the
software: ./xfbb.sh (<-- type this within
- an xterm or something similar). When you
+ an xterm or something similar). When you
start your BBS for the first time, it will ask
you to create some files it needs, so you
should answer "yes" to the questions.
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ versa, of course).
you won't be able to start neither of the "old" WinFBB or
the "new" LinFBB. As a precaution, the backup might be the
easiest way to recover at least the old WinFBB for
- a while (until you configure your new LinFBB, ok?).
+ a while (until you configure your new LinFBB, OK?).
- Now, you should restart your machine and boot
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ versa, of course).
its "native" location of amsat.txt.
Instead of that, it will go to the location
of the WinFBB's amsat.txt and just
- add some new materials into it, ok?
+ add some new materials into it, OK?
Well now it's up to you to decide what to do
@@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ to the existing two: X11 LinFBB and WinFBB!
-How to install an upgrade to a daemon version of LinFBB
+How to install an upgrade to a daemon version of LinFBB
LinFBB v7.02g
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ special requirements over some "third-party" software.
config files.
-- Btw, the installation of Jose's package was performed
+
- BTW, the installation of Jose's package was performed
without problems, but the new daemon was not likely to run
as I expected, although I tried to configure it as best
as I could. Not quite sure, but it looked to me that F6FBB
@@ -1028,7 +1028,7 @@ reverse procedure must be put in place.
- If you don't get something similar on your xterm
'window' (or on other appropriate terminal
utility), you're out of luck, so you might go
- thru the procedure once again in order to be
+ through the procedure once again in order to be
sure you did all what was needed to be done :->
@@ -1629,6 +1629,8 @@ much use of a Help menu, having only
How to compile LinFBB's executable files
+
+fbbsrc.704h (using Red Hat 7.1)
2003-01-01
@@ -1643,7 +1645,7 @@ of Linux you have. If not ...
-- Well, I have already had the package
+
- Well, I have already had the package
xfbb-7.04-2.i386.rpm (07 August 2001), that was
running OK under RH 6.2 distro. And not only that. Its
"packer", Jose HI8GN, has explained that this package
@@ -1652,124 +1654,428 @@ of Linux you have. If not ...
problems at all.
-- The other day, I finally decided to abandon that 4-5 year
- old version of X11 LinFBB application that I knew it would
- not run under something newer than RH 6.2 distro. In short,
- I decided to stay with daemon LinFBB's only, so it was the
+
- One day I finally decided to abandon another 4-5 year old
+ version of an X11 LinFBB application that I knew it would
+ not run under Red Hat Linux newer than 6.2 distribution.
+ I decided to stay with LinFBB's daemon only, so it was also the
right time to upgrade the Linux system itself. Another handy
installation that I had, was RH 7.1 and I used it. After
finishing that task, I rushed to re-install the RPM package
- above, but it just didn't want to run.
+ mentioned above (just to test if it would eventually work), but as
+ expected it didn't want to run.
-- I had no choice but to browse fbb web sites in order to find
- a RPM package that would fit RH 7.1 distribution. Unfortunately,
- it looked that there were no LinFBB recompiled RPMs for 7.1
- version of RedHat. The only solution was to try with tarballs.
+
- I had no choice but to browse web sites in order to find a RPM
+ package that would fit my RH 7.1 distribution. Unfortunately,
+ it looked that there was no one recompiled LinFBB RPM for 7.1
+ RedHat version. The only solution was to try with tarballs.
So, what I have downloaded from , was xd704h-src.tgz
archive.
-- So far - so good. Well, folks, I am not very good in "deepest"
+
- So far - so good. Well, folks, I am not very good of "deepest"
secrets of Linux, so I was not sure where might be the best
- location to unpack the archive. According a readme
- file, it should be "fbbsrc" directory, so I considered that
- /usr/src would be the best place to copy archive's
- fbbsrc.704h directory.
+ place to unpack the archive. According the readme
+ file, it might be a "fbbsrc" directory, so I considered that
+ /usr/src would be the best location to copy archive's
+ fbbsrc.704h directory tree.
-- fbbsrc.704h directory has been made of 12 files and 7
- subdirectories, one of which is src subdirectory. As
- I said, the readme suggests a user to "goto fbbsrc/src"
- directory, and I concluded that /usr/src/fbbsrc.704h/src
- was the right place.
+
- Well, the fbbsrc.704h directory consists of 12 files and 7
+ subdirectories, one of which is src subdirectory. As the
+ readme suggested a user to "goto fbbsrc/src" directory,
+ I concluded that /usr/src/fbbsrc.704h/src was the right place.
-- The readme also suggests to "update the variables" at
+
- The readme also suggested to "update the variables" at
the beginning of Makefile files, but I did not do that
- because I was not sure what should be replaced there. I have
+ because I was not sure what exactly should be put in there. So I have
just left the file(s) intact.
- The next task was to run make command from the shell
- and it took half a minute to be finished. The result were few new
+ and it took half a minute to be finished. The results were several
xfbb executable files that I quickly moved to
/usr/sbin directory. BTW, some people rather suggest to run
- make install, in order to avoid multiple copying of
- compiled executables, but I found that way as not functional.
+ make install (instead of make), in order to avoid
+ multiple copying of compiled executables, but I found that way as not
+ functional.
-- Soon after, I tried to activate LinFBB's daemon and
- it seemed to work without visible difficulties (using a temporary home
- LAN with a laptop, I also started fbbW, a LinFBB Windows client.
- It recognized the daemon in a second and I've only
- noticed that there was no Protus password utility running).
+
- Soon after, I tried to activate xfbbd - the new LinFBB's
+ daemon and it seemed to work without visible difficulties.
+ Using a home LAN including a Windows laptop, I also started fbbW
+ - a LinFBB Windows client. It recognized the daemon in a second
+ and I've only noticed that there was no Protus password utility running.
- According the readme, the next task should be to "compile
- the xfbbC client". That operation is to be performed from a place
- called "fbbsrc/client" but the only directory available under
- /usr/src/fbbsrc.704h/src was X11 subdir.
+ the xfbbC client". That operation should be done from a place
+ called "fbbsrc/client" but the only available directory under
+ /usr/src/fbbsrc.704h/src was X11.
- After clicking on its icon, I recognized the second one file
- with a name Makefile (they have mentioned "updating"
- of both Makefile files, so I hoped to reach the proper
- place once again, regardless of two unknown paths). Besides that,
- they have suggested to use "at least the version 2.1.37b of
- ax25-utils" and I found not to have something like that
- installed (case they mean of a suit of libax25, ax25apps
- and ax25tool - than it is OK). Anyway, one more time I activated
- make command from the shell and the result was in
- getting xfbbC executable.
+ named Makefile (they have mentioned "updating" of
+ both Makefile files, so I hoped to reach the proper
+ place once again, regardless of two unfamiliar paths). Besides that,
+ they have also suggested to use "at least the version 2.1.37b of
+ ax25-utils" and I found not to have something like that
+ installed (in the case they have possibly meant of a suit
+ of libax25, ax25apps and ax25tool - than it should be OK). Anyway,
+ then I activated make command from the shell one more time
+ and the result was in getting xfbbC executable.
-- As usual, xfbbC client is invoked from within an
- xterm (or similar) window and it seemed that it was
- also fully functional. So far - so good.
+
- As usual, xfbbC client is to be invoked from within an
+ xterm (or similar) command line environment. It also seemed
+ that it was fully functional. So far - so good.
-- The next issue is to "compile the xfbbX client", but this time
- a user is requested to have a version of Motif installed. Well,
- what I knew was that I had no Motif in the box, but a couple of Lesstif
- RPM packages were somewhere around. Anyway, I installed them
- with --force and --nodeps options to avoid
- several dependency obstacles. In sum, Lestiff has come
- to its place on the disk.
+
- The next issue was to "compile the xfbbX client", but this time
+ a user was requested to have a version of Motif installed. Well,
+ what I already knew was that I haven't had any Motif software in the box,
+ but a couple of Lesstif RPM packages were somewhere around. I installed them
+ using --force and --nodeps options in order to avoid
+ various dependency 'obstacles'. In sum, Lestiff stuff has
+ come to its place on the hard disk.
-- This time, I did make some "updates" related to Makefile
+
- This one time, I did make some "updates" related to Makefile
paths and tried to run make command from the shell (for
- the 3rd time now). Seems that I got no answer, because there appeared
- neither xfbbX nor xfbbX_cl new executable files.
- In order to "solve" that issue, I just applied the executables
- from the earlier version I have backup-ed on the system.
+ the 3rd time now). At the first sight, it seemed that I got no answer,
+ because there appeared neither xfbbX nor xfbbX_cl
+ executables. In order to "make" missing files, I just copied the
+ appropriate executables from an earlier LinFBB version (which I backup-ed
+ before).
-- Finally, I managed to activate xfbbX client without
- problems, although I knew it was not an updated version (compared
- to the daemon itself). Regardless of that fact, a GUI client
- works properly.
+
- Finally, I managed to activate xfbbX client without visible
+ problems, although I knew it was not an up-to-date version (compared
+ to the daemon itself). Regardless of that detail, the GUI
+ client worked properly.
-- As I just mentioned, I noticed that the first console connections
- were without familiar {PROTUS-4.1b7} designation. So, I had
+
- As I just mentioned, I also noticed that the first console connection
+ was without familiar {PROTUS-4.1b7} designation (that means
+ there was no c_filter utility running). So, I had
to check and double-check all the paths and system directories,
described in the Protus section of this mini-HOWTO. At the first
sight, it looked to me that everything was fine, but the utility
was not likely to start. Finally, I copied its main executable
- into the yet another system location: /usr/lib/fbb/filter,
- re-started the system and Protus returned back to its function.
+ into yet another system location: /usr/lib/fbb/filter,
+ re-started the system once again and Protus returned back to its
+ function.
-- What I have to do in the future, is to check if the procedure
+
- That was all. I am satisfied with what I have done for the first time.
+ What I have to do in the future, will be to check if the procedure
described in this section was the right one, although most of the
- BBS's main features seem to be active - like they were with RH 6.2
- distribution and mentioned LinFBB packages in RPM format.
+ BBS's main features seemed to be active (just like as if they were
+ running under RH 6.2 distribution using LinFBB packages in RPM format
+ mentioned earlier). The only "mystery" was how to activate some
+ system administering tasks: maintenance (a "housekeeping"), get
+ user's data and other tasks easily accessed from under WinFBB main
+ console (for example). Until now I haven't solved that, but that
+ is not a real problem because I can also run WinFBB whenever my
+ Windows is active, and from there I can perform sysop's tasks, using
+ a mouse click or like.
+
+fbbsrc.704j (using Red Hat 7.1)
+
+2004-01-03
+
+
+Notice: The other day I tried to upgrade my Red Hat 7.1
+distribution to Red Hat 9.0 - in order to get more up-to-date
+system, being also capable to be upgraded from its original Netscape
+4.76 browser to Netscape 7.1 (In fact, the more newer Netscape
+I need for other purposes - not related to FBB stuff at all - but I have
+not succeeded to perform a kind of a 'browser-only' upgrade (In fact,
+Netscape 7.1 needs newer Glibc and some other things not
+easily being upgraded within under Red Hat 7.1). That's why I decided
+to upgrade the complete Linux system - i.e. not just reinstalling it
+'from scratch'. The reason for that was I wanted to preserve my old
+Netscape Messenger email directory tree etc). So, at first, I made cca.
+450 MB of free space on my / partition, hoping that would be enough to
+upgrade. But, RH 9.0's setup asked for even more 400 MB - that I couldn't
+made. Then I tried to make a 'fresh' installation of RH 9.0 and it also
+looked that I had better supply a larger hard disk (besides that,
+it seemed that RH 9.0 performed a bit slower on my system than the old
+RH 7.1). Finally, I made a decision to re-install RH 7.1 again.
+
+
+
+After I did it, one of the first tasks to do was to install LinFBB. I
+took some browsing in order to find something newer than that
+fbbsrc.704h and I've got fbbsrc.704j tarball
+from
+
+
+
+
+- At first, I extracted .tgz package to the /usr/src
+ directory. fbbsrc.704j consists of 7 subdirs and 12 files.
+ According to its readme, at the beginning I should 'goto fbbsrc/src
+ directory' so I went to /usr/src/fbbsrc.704j/src
+
+
+- The readme also suggested to "update the variables"
+ at the beginning of Makefile files, but I just left
+ the file(s) intact.
+
+
+- The next task was to run make command from the shell
+ and it took almost two minutes to be finished. The result was new
+ xfbb executables (clr_user, epurmess, epurwp, fbbgetconf,
+ maintinf, reqdir, xfbbC and xfbbd) that I quickly moved to
+ /usr/sbin directory.
+
+
+- Then I copied fbb.conf (previously backup-ed) as well as
+ other config stuff that should go to /etc/ax25/fbb directory.
+ I have not created new directories LinFBB should use as a
+ 'normal' Linux-only BBS (a 'configuration tree', a 'utilities tree'
+ and a 'data tree' - all of which suggested by /usr/src/fbbsrc.704j/FBBTREE
+ file. If I haven't copied my backup-ed fbb.conf (that, in turn, has
+ been configured to share config files with my WinFBB on a spare FAT16
+ partition) and if I wanted to activate LinFBB's daemon before
+ copying my particular fbb.conf - then I had to create those
+ FBB-trees. In opposite, LinFBB couldn't run.
+
+
+- Soon after, I tried to activate LinFBB's daemon and
+ it seemed to work without visible difficulties (using a temporary home
+ LAN with a laptop, I performed telnet xfbbd_IP_address 6300, from
+ Windows' utility Command Prompt. It recognized the daemon
+ in a second and I've only noticed that there was no Protus password
+ utility running). The latter I solved by copying /var/ax25/fbb/protus/c_filter
+ file to a location /usr/lib/fbb/filter and re-starting LinFBB. To make more
+ tests, I have also installed xfbbW (Windows client for LinFBB). It
+ also worked fine.
+
+
+- According the readme, the next task should be to
+ "compile the xfbbX client". That operation is to be performed from
+ a place called "fbbsrc/client" but the only sub-directory available
+ under /usr/src/fbbsrc.704j/src was X11 subdir.
+ I went there, but before trying to activate make
+ again, I also installed a couple of LessTif RPM packages
+ of version 0.93.18-1 (lesstif, lesstif-mwm, lesstif-devel and lesstif-
+ clients). In fact, I haven't had a version of Motif to be installed.
+
+
+- Once again, I did not make "updates" related to Makefile
+ paths and just tried to run make from the shell (for the
+ 2nd time now). In a half a minute, I got two new executables:
+ xfbb and xfbbX_cl. I also copied them to
+ /usr/sbin directory, accompanied with xfbbX
+ shell script. The difference to the older version 704h was that
+ this time I haven't had to apply the GUI client executables from
+ an earlier version I have backup-ed previously. That means, I
+ could be sure now that both server and client
+ parts of LinFBB are of the very same version.
+
+
+- Then I entered /usr/sbin/xfbbX and soon after XFBB Setup screen
+ appeared, asking to enter the Callsign and Password. From the
+ Help menu, I checked for About and Copyright and I was satisfied
+ when noticed that it was 7.04j version of the Linux GUI client.
+
+
+
+
+fbbsrc.704j (using Red Hat 9.0)
+
+2004-01-05
+
+
+Notice: Although I managed to compile all parts of the newest
+LinFBB version, I was not so happy because my Linux platform was
+still the old one: Red Hat 7.1 and I wanted to have 9.0 version.
+That's why I started planning what to do with the things intended
+to be backup-ed before the another fresh installation of
+Linux. The main trouble were the existing Netscape 4.76 email
+folders, because it was obvious that the 4.76 directory structure
+greatly differ from Netscape 7.1 folder tree. In fact, a user of
+Netscape 4.76 email only has to make a backup copy of the hidden
+.nsmail directory that, in turn, has to be restored into
+the same location after the eventual next re-installation
+of the Red Hat 7.1 distribution. That is a simple task to do. But,
+the problem with newer Netscape 7.1 was that it has the different
+directory tree when compared to its predecessor, in addition to
+a slightly changed email structure. In fact, I tried to use Netscape
+4.76's .nsmail directory with the fresh Netscape 7.1
+installation and that just didn't want to run properly. Than I looked
+for another way to accomplish that task and here is how I did it.
+
+
+
+I already knew that Netscape and Mozilla software (in particular
+the newer one versions of them) converge in a way they seem to
+use a similar or the very same "engine" as well as the directory
+structure. Having in mind that the newer Red Hat 9.0 distribution
+have not offered any version of Netscape software at all
+and that Mozilla packages remained in the newer Red Hat's - I
+decided to perform the following steps:
+
+
+1. to make a simple upgrade from Red Hat 7.1 to Red Hat
+9.0 (in order to keep the original Netscape's 4.76 .nsmail
+directory structure intact, but to get an up-to-dated
+version of Mozilla which comes with this particular Red Hat upgrade
+and that is the same as Mozilla after the 'fresh' installation
+of RH 9.0);
+
+
+2. to make an import of the existing email from Netscape
+4.76 to Mozilla (interestingly, the new Mozilla only supports an
+import from a "Netscape 4.x");
+
+
+3. to make a backup copy of the new Mozilla's directory
+structure;
+
+
+4. to make a 'fresh' installation of Red Hat 9.0 (in order
+to ensure the stable environment that, in turn, will also have the
+same new Mozilla);
+
+
+5. to make a 'restore' of Mozilla's directory structure
+(previously backup-ed);
+
+
+6. to install the new Netscape 7.1 that, as mentioned, will
+use the same directory structure as the new Mozilla;
+
+
+7. to have a choice: to run either Netscape or Mozilla (if
+you get bored from either of them :-)).
+
+
+Well, these steps were the nice mental exercise, but finally I got
+them all running as I wanted. After I got sure that the Internet
+email and browsing capabilities of my new Red Hat 9.0 became OK, I
+got to the beginning of LinFBB installation procedure. Now I am not
+going to repeat the items from the previous LinFBB sub-section, but
+what I would like to say is that the step 4. (a couple of paragraphs
+above) have not brought some X Window development packages, needed
+for compiling of xfbbX. I mean, once again I managed to
+compile xfbbd and xfbbC without problems, but a
+make of xfbbX haven't produced the result I expected. In
+fact, it returned something like this:
+
+
+
+[root@localhost X11]# make
+gcc -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -g -funsigned-char ...
+In file included from ../../include/xfbb.h:34,
+
+...
+...
+
+xfbbabtd.c: In function `DisplayInfoDialog':
+xfbbabtd.c:428: warning: comparison between pointer and integer
+make: *** [xfbbabtd.o] Error 1
+[root@localhost X11]#
+
+
+
+I was advised by the friendly FBB-hams that obviously something of the
+X Window development stuff have been missing, so I started to explore
+the RPM's I already have installed:
+
+
+
+[root@localhost root]# rpm -qa *lesst*
+lesstif-devel-0.93.18-1
+lesstif-clients-0.93.18-1
+lesstif-mwm-0.93.18-1
+lesstif-0.93.18-1
+[root@localhost root]#
+
+
+
+
+ As long as I know, all these lesstif packages
+ don't belong to either Red Hat 7.1 nor 9.0 distribution.
+ I have probably downloaded them as a '3rd party' software.
+ Besides that, I also noticed that Red Hat 9.0 installation
+ CD's do include the following:
+
+
+ lesstif-0.93.36-3.i386.rpm
+ lesstif-devel-0.93.36-3.i386.rpm
+ openmotif21-2.1.30-8.i386.rpm
+ openmotif-devel-2.2.2-14.i386.rpm
+
+
+
+- Well, a nice try to 'upgrade' to lesstif-0.93.36-3.i386.rpm
+ ended up with an error report on the conflicts with
+ the existing lesstif-0.93.18-1 - so I gave up;
+
+
+- Then I entered a 'loop' of failed dependencies as follows:
+
+
+
+
+ lesstif-devel-0.93.36-3.i386.rpm required
+ XFree86-devel and lesstif = 0.93.36
+
+ XFree86-devel-4.3.0-2.i386.rpm required
+ fontconfig-devel and pkgconfig
+
+ fontconfig-devel-2.1-9.i386.rpm required
+ freetype-devel >= 2.1.2-7
+
+
+
+
+ Then the following stuff got installed without complaints:
+
+
+[root@localhost root]# rpm -i freetype-devel-2.1.3-6.i386.rpm
+[root@localhost root]# rpm -i fontconfig-devel-2.1-9.i386.rpm
+[root@localhost root]# rpm -i pkgconfig-0.14.0-3.i386.rpm
+[root@localhost root]# rpm -i XFree86-devel-4.3.0-2.i386.rpm
+
+
+
+
+- Well, at this point I tried to recursively install
+ lesstif-0.93.36-3.i386.rpm once again but it
+ conflicted with the existing lesstif-0.93.18-1 - so I
+ gave up once again;
+
+
+- While pulling out the remaining hair, I just tried another
+ make within the X11 directory and ...
+ Bingo! ... xfbbX finally got compiled! Only God
+ knows which one of the packages above was/were the missing
+ part(s). Case some of you knows, please let me
+ know.
+
+
+- And, as they said: ... and after all that had happened,
+ what remained has just gone to a legend ... :-)
+
+
+
+
+What remains to be explored (at least for me) is to see how to
+maintain various sysop's tasks (ex. how to execute 'housekeeping'
+mechanism by a mouse click or like) - from within xfbbX.
+Any suggestion is welcomed (it may also be a contribution for the
+next release of this mini-HOWTO, hams!).
+
How to access the "xfbbd" server from a DOS client?
@@ -1910,7 +2216,7 @@ After doing that, there was a requirement to use the software component
where "125" stands for a software interrupt in the range 60 - 127 (125
-is used as an example that, btw, works here without any problem). On the
+is used as an example that, BTW, works here without any problem). On the
other side, the same software interrupt must be defined as the INTNUM
parameter, that is a part of the INTERFACE block within
XROUTER.CFG configuration file.
@@ -1981,7 +2287,7 @@ Then I became capable to access my LinFBB server.
2003-08-01
-Gentle folks, I am the Serb and I live in Serbia.
+Gentle folks, I am a Serb and I live in Serbia.
My language is Serbian and I communicate with FBB
in that language. If you like to expand the language
capabilities of your LinFBB (and-or WinFBB too), I
@@ -2040,13 +2346,13 @@ T : sateliti i njihove putanje
F : povratak u BBS mod
B : diskonekt iz bbs-a
-Upisite: ? za detaljniju pomoc (npr. ? T )
+Upisite: ? za detaljniju pomoc (na pr.. ? T )
@@ 0 C
Konekt-statistika
-----------------
-Razne statistike o upotrebi servera, liste i slicno
+Razne statistike o upotrebi servera, liste i slicno.
@@ 0 D
@@ -2062,24 +2368,24 @@ Naredbe su brojcane.
Adresar
-------
-Ovde se nalaze informacije koje su korisnici bbs-a ostavili o sebi
+Ovde se nalaze informacije koje su korisnici bbs-a ostavili o sebi.
(ime, adresa, telefoni, ...).
-Mozete upisati i svoje podatke ....(preporucujemo)
+Mozete upisati i svoje podatke ....(preporucujemo).
@@ 0 Q
Lokatori
--------
Razni proracuni vezani uz lokator (iz koordinata u LOC, iz LOC u koordinate,
-QRB, sumirajuci QRB vise lokatora, azimuti...)
+QRB, sumirajuci QRB vise lokatora, azimuti...).
@@ 0 T
Putanje satelita
----------------
Proracun putanja, orbitalnih parametara, karakteristike raznih satelita
-(ukoliko za njih postoje podaci) .
+(ukoliko za njih postoje podaci).
@@ 0 F
@@ -2111,7 +2417,7 @@ C : sabiranje QRB izmedju pocetnog LOC i vise drugih lokatora,
F : povratak u server meni,
B : diskonekt iz bbs-a.
-Ukucajte: ? za detaljniju pomoc (npr. ? L).
+Ukucajte: ? za detaljniju pomoc (na pr.. ? L).
@@ 2 Q
@@ -2132,7 +2438,7 @@ stepenima, stepen./min. i gradijanima.
Primer unosa u stepenima i minutima: 1:45:00 (smer)
Ovaj smer zamenite sa Sever, Jug, Istok, Zapad prema potrebi. Pazite da
-prvo slovo bude VELIKO, npr. 1:45:00 Sever
+prvo slovo bude VELIKO, na pr.. 1:45:00 Sever
@@ 2 D
@@ -2148,6 +2454,7 @@ naredba C
Sabira izracunate QRB. Nakon unosa polaznog LOC svi sledeci QRB se nakon
proracuna dodaju ukupnoj sumi km.
+
Ako nemate digitron ili racunar mozete ovde izracunati rezultate contesta :))
@@ 2 F
@@ -2183,7 +2490,7 @@ I : spisak svih stanica koje su do sada bile u bbs-u,
F : povratak u SERVER-MENI,
B : diskonekt iz bbs-a,
-Ukucajte: ? za detalje o nekoj naredbi ( npr. ? L).
+Ukucajte: ? za detalje o nekoj naredbi ( na pr.. ? L).
@@ 3 O
@@ -2204,7 +2511,7 @@ Opsta statistika servera (broj poruka, konekta, vremena...)
naredba L
---------
-Konekt lista. Za svaki konekt ispisuje se: port, znak, pocetak i vreme
+Konekt lista. Za svaki konekt ispisuje se: port, znak, pocetak i vreme
trajanja konekta. Lista se daje unazad, a ispis se prekida sa A.
@@ 3 H
@@ -2213,8 +2520,8 @@ naredba H
---------
H : graficki prikaz upotrebe BBS-a po satima od 00 - 24h,
-H CALL : graficki prikaz upotrebe BBS-a od strane CALL. Moguci su i "dzoker"
- znaci.Npr. H YU7* ce dati ispis za sve YU7 stanice koje su bile tu.
+H CALL : graficki prikaz upotrebe BBS-a od strane CALL. Moguci su i "dzoker"-
+ znaci.Na pr. H YU7* ce dati ispis za sve YU7 stanice koje su bile tu.
@@ 3 J
@@ -2222,8 +2529,8 @@ naredba J
---------
J : graficki prikaz upotrebe BBS-a po danima u sedmici od Pon do Ned,
-J CALL : graficki prikaz upotrebe BBS-a od strane CALL. Moguci su i "dzoker"
- znaci.Npr. J YU7* ce dati ispis za sve YU7 stanice koje su bile tu.
+J CALL : graficki prikaz upotrebe BBS-a od strane CALL. Moguci su i "dzoker"-
+ znaci.Na pr. J YU7* ce dati ispis za sve YU7 stanice koje su bile tu.
@@ 3 I
@@ -2231,7 +2538,7 @@ naredba I
---------
I : abecedni spisak stanica koje su koristile BBS. Moguci su i
- "dzoker" znaci.Npr. I YU7* ce dati listu svih YU7 stanica
+ "dzoker"-znaci.Na pr. I YU7* ce dati listu svih YU7 stanica.
@@ 3 F
@@ -2260,12 +2567,12 @@ Naredbom: B prekidate vezu, bez potrebe da se vracate u BBS mod.
Dokumentacija
-------------
-Da bi procitali neki tekst sa liste samo ukucajte njegov broj.
+Da bi procitali neki tekst sa liste samo upisite njegov broj.
Nove stvari se upisuju putem NEWDOC servera iz BBS-a (? NEWDOC).
L ispisuje listu fajlova.
-Sysop: OPIS se moze menjati D naredbom ( npr. D BBS.DOC opis).
+Sysop: OPIS se moze menjati D naredbom ( na pr.. D BBS.DOC opis).
@@ 4 F
@@ -2277,7 +2584,7 @@ Ako ponovo posaljete: F vracate se u BBS-mod.
@@ 4 D
-naredba D (samo za SysOpa)
+naredba D (samo za SysOp-a)
--------------------------
Izmena opisa dokumentacionih fajlova.
@@ -2313,7 +2620,7 @@ I : lista konektovanih znakova,
F : povratak u server meni,
B : diskonekt iz bbs-a.
-Ukucajte: ? za detalje o naredbi (npr. ? N ).
+Ukucajte: ? za detalje o naredbi (na pr.. ? N ).
@@ 5 N
@@ -2323,12 +2630,12 @@ naredba N
Ako nema podataka o vasem imenu, adresi, tlf ili su netacni, mozete ih
uneti ili menjati ovom naredbom.
-Ukoliko na pitanje odgovorite sa razmakom ili nece se promijeniti
+Ukoliko na pitanje odgovorite sa razmakom ili nece se promeniti
taj podatak.
Ukoliko je sve OK, samo odgovorite slovom N na (D/N) pitanje.
-SysOp : sysop moze menjati user podatke naredbom N CALL.
+SysOp : sysop moze menjati podatke korisnika naredbom N CALL.
@@ 5 R
@@ -2337,7 +2644,7 @@ naredba R
---------
Pretrazuje bazu podataka u potrazi za podacima o nekom pozivnom znaku.
-Npr. R YU7APV .
+Na pr. R YU7APV .
@@ 5 I
@@ -2378,7 +2685,7 @@ B : diskonekt iz bbs-a.
Posle naredbi C, P i T mozete da upisete L za SPISAK satelita.
-Ukucajte ? za detalje o nekoj naredbi ( npr. ? C ).
+Ukucajte ? za detalje o nekoj naredbi ( na pr.. ? C ).
@@ 6 T
@@ -2439,7 +2746,7 @@ O : opcije (stranice po liniji, bazni broj...),
BGET : Autobin download,
BPUT : Autobin upload,
DIR : ispis sadrzaja direktorijuma (LIST je daleko bolja)
-DU : disk usage - spisak DOS DIRs sa pojedinacnim zauzecem,
+DU : disk usage - spisak DOS dir's sa pojedinacnim zauzecem,
EDIT : editovanje fajla,
GET : download (ispis) tekst fajla,
PUT : upload (upis) tekst fajla,
@@ -2465,7 +2772,7 @@ B : diskonekt iz bbs-a.
Diskove mozete menjati kao i u DOS sa A:,C:,D: (ukoliko postoji vise diskova)
-Za detalje ukucajte ? (npr. ? WHERE).
+Za detalje ukucajte ? (na pr.. ? WHERE).
@@ 9 HELP
@@ -2486,7 +2793,7 @@ Naredbom B prekidate vezu bez potrebe da se vracate u BBS-mod.
naredba CD
----------
-Koristi se za promenu direktorijuma, npr. CD \YAPP. Za "natrag" jedan dir
+Koristi se za promenu direktorijuma, na pr.. CD \YAPP. Za "natrag" jedan dir
koristite naredbu: CD .
@@ 9 COPY
@@ -2494,7 +2801,7 @@ koristite naredbu: CD .
naredba COPY
------------
-Sluzi za kopiranje fajlova. (npr. COPY TEST.TXT TEST2.TXT)
+Sluzi za kopiranje fajlova. (na pr.. COPY TEST.TXT TEST2.TXT)
Kopiranje preko vec postojeceg fajla nije dozvoljeno (greska).
@@ -2511,9 +2818,9 @@ naredba DIR
-----------
DIR prikazuje sadrzaj direktorijum,a bilo onog u kojem ste sada bilo drugog
-ako unesete puni put ("path") npr. DIR \YAPP.
+ako unesete punu putanju ("path") na pr. DIR \YAPP.
-"Dzokeri" su dozvoljeni, npr. DIR *.SYS
+"Dzokeri" su dozvoljeni, na pr.. DIR *.SYS
@@ 9 DU
@@ -2543,11 +2850,11 @@ Sve znace isto: izlaz iz DosFBB nazad u BBS-mod.
naredba GET
-----------
-Ovo upotrebite ako zelite preuzeti/procitati neki TEKST fajl sa BBS-a.
-Ispis je kontinuiran. Npr. GET PHONE.BBS.
+Ovo upotrebite ako zelite da preuzmete/procitate neki TEKST fajl sa BBS-a.
+Ispis je kontinuiran. Na pr. GET PHONE.BBS.
-Pazite, svi fajlovi nisu tekstualni i ova naredba nije za njih. Tacnije,
-dobijate cudne znakove na ekranu ako probate GET sa NEtekstualnim fajlovima.
+Pazite, neki fajlovi nisu tekstualni i ova naredba nije za njih. Tacnije,
+dobijate cudne znakove na ekranu ako probate GET sa NE-tekstualnim fajlovima.
@@ 9 LIST
@@ -2562,7 +2869,7 @@ postoji.
naredba MD ili MKDIR
--------------------
-Pravi novi direktorijum unutar onoga u kojem se koristi. Npr MD TEST.
+Pravi novi direktorijum unutar onoga u kojem se koristi. Na pr MD TEST.
Nema svrhe da se ovo proba, osim uz dobro objasnjenje SysOp-u (hi)...
@@ 9 NEW
@@ -2602,7 +2909,7 @@ naredba PUT
Sluzi za upis nekog vaseg tekst fajla u BBS. Ukoliko vec postoji isto ime,
stari fajl se prvo mora obrisati (naravno, samo ako je to bio vas fajl).
-Npr. PUT INFO.C64 snima u bbs fajl pod imenom INFO.C64
+Na pr. PUT INFO.C64 snima u bbs fajl pod imenom INFO.C64
@@ 9 PRIV
@@ -2652,7 +2959,7 @@ YGET - YModem
Upotreba je ista : naredba
-VAZNO: na BBS-u moze biti postavljen dozvoljeni dnevni limit u kb za skidanje.
+VAZNO: na BBS-u moze biti postavljen dozvoljeni dnevni limit u kb za preuzimanje.
@@ 9 YGET|YPUT|BPUT|BGET
@@ -2670,7 +2977,7 @@ Upotreba je ista : naredba
VAZNO: na BBS-u moze biti postavljen dozvoljeni dnevni limit u kb za skidanje.
-Napomena: ne koristite YAPP ako nemate program sa "yapp resume" modom !!!
+Napomena: NE koristite YAPP ako nemate program sa "yapp resume" mod-om !!!
##################
# BBS-mode is 14 #
@@ -2678,25 +2985,25 @@ Napomena: ne koristite YAPP ako nemate program sa "yapp resume" modom !!!
@@ 14 A|ABORT
-(A)bort tj. prekid ispisa iz BBS-a.
+(A)bort tj... prekid ispisa iz BBS-a.
-OK, ako ste poceli citati nesto pogresno, ali uzmite u obzir sva kasnjenja
+OK, ako ste poceli da citate nesto pogresno, ali uzmite u obzir sva kasnjenja
kroz mrezu dok "A" ne stigne do BBS i prekine ispis....
@@ 14 B
B naredba vas diskonektuje iz BBS-a (uz jos neke podatke).
-Bitno je da samo tako izlazite iz BBS-a, a ne diskonektom jer ce vam samo tada biti
-ostati podesene nove vrednosti za L ("List") naredbu.
+Bitno je da samo tako izlazite iz BBS-a, a ne diskonektom jer ce vam samo tako
+ostati podesene nove vrednosti za naredbu L ("List").
-Ukoliko vam link pukne tako necete izgubiti poslednje stanje.
+Ukoliko se veza prekine tako necete izgubiti poslednje stanje.
@@ 14 C|CW
CW naredba ispisuje stanice u konferenciji.
-C naredba vas ubacuje u konferenciju tj. bla-bla okrugli sto u kojem sve
+C naredba vas ubacuje u konferenciju tj... "bla-bla" okrugli sto u kojem sve
sto pisete ide svima koji su takodje trenutno u konferenciji na bbs-u.
U konferenciji sve naredbe pocinju sa tackom u prvoj koloni !!!
@@ -2709,18 +3016,18 @@ U konferenciji sve naredbe pocinju sa tackom u prvoj koloni !!!
@@ 14 CB
Pomocu naredbe CB CALL dobicete adresu za trazeni znak iz callbook-a
- sa CD ROM-a (kad ga budemo ugradili, hi) naprimer: CB YU7APV
+ sa CD ROM-a (kad ga budemo ugradili, hi), na pr.: CB YU7APV
@@ 14 D|DOS
-Ima dvostruko znacenje:
+Naredba ima dvostruko znacenje:
1. Samo D bez argumenata vas prebacuje iz BBS u DOS mod. Tu mozete kao i na PC
slati/skidati fajlove, kopirati, citati.....
Paznja: DOS deo ima svoje, drukcije naredbe. Napravite HELP kada udjes u
njega !
-2. D uz argument vam daje download nekog tekst fajla. Npr D \yaesu\ft-411.mod
+2. D uz argument vam daje download nekog tekst fajla. Na pr D \yaesu\ft-411.mod
i BBS ce vam poslati fajl FT-411.MOD iz YAESU direktorijuma. U vezi ovog
pogledajte i pomoc za W naredbu (?W).
@@ -2744,8 +3051,8 @@ vise portova na razlicitim frekvencijama.
Spisak mogucih naredbi ili GRUPE naredbi (vise njih sa istim PRVIM slovom).
A :(abort) - prekida ispisivanje necega,
-B :(bye) - diskonekt,
-C :(conference)- ulaz u konferenciju (bla-bla vise stanica),
+B :(bye) - diskonekt,
+C :(conference) - ulaz u konferenciju (bla-bla vise stanica),
CB: Trazenje adrese ARS sa CD ROM-a (ako je ugradjen CD citac),
D :(DOS) - ulaz u FbbDOS ili download fajla,
F :(FBB) - ulaz u server (adresar, sateliti, lokatori...),
@@ -2778,21 +3085,21 @@ Z :(delete)- brise fajl,
= :(conn.) - konektuje vas sa nekim drugim korisnikom (sada) u BBS-u,
! :(info) - kratki info o bbs-u,
-Opsirniju pomoc za sve naredbe dobijate ukoliko otkucate: ?
+Opsirniju pomoc za sve naredbe dobijate ukoliko otkucate: ? .
-Npr: ? c ? f ? y .....
+Na pr: ? c ? f ? y .....
@@ 14 I|INFO
-I daje INFO fajl o ovom BBS-u (ukoliko postoji informacija)
+I daje INFO fajl o ovom BBS-u (ukoliko postoji informacija).
WhitePages server naredbe:
I CALL daje podatke o stanici, preuzete iz WP servera,
ID broj zapisa u WP bazi podataka,
-I@ BBS daje listu korisnika nekog BBS-a (I@ YU7A)
-IH ruta daje poznate korisnike sa zadatom hijerarhijskom rutom (IH YUG)
-IZ ZIP daje korisnike sa zadatim postanskim brojem (IZ 21000)
+I@ BBS daje listu korisnika nekog BBS-a (I@ YU7A),
+IH ruta daje poznate korisnike sa zadatom hijerarhijskom rutom (IH YUG),
+IZ ZIP daje korisnike sa zadatim postanskim brojem (IZ 21000).
U vecini WP naredbi dozvoljeni su "dzoker" znakovi.
@@ -2829,9 +3136,9 @@ L 220- lista samo poruke od 220 pa navise,
L 220-230 lista poruke izmedju 220 i 230,
LU lista sve neprocitane poruke koje ste poslali/primili,
LR lista poruke UNAZAD od najstarije prelistane prema najnovijoj u bbs-u,
-LC posebno listanje po vasem uslovu. Prvo zadate uslov npr. LC DX i od tada ce
- sve gornje naredbe za listanje (osim LM i LN) listati SAMO poruke poslane
- za DX. Ako stavite "dzoker" npr. LC *DX* onda ce listati sve poruke koje u
+LC posebno listanje po vasem uslovu. Prvo zadate uslov na pr.. LC DX i od tada ce
+ sve gornje naredbe za listanje (osim LM i LN) listati SAMO poruke poslate
+ za DX. Ako stavite "dzoker" na pr.. LC *DX* onda ce listati sve poruke koje u
polju "Za" imaju slova DX (VHFDX, DXHF, DXCC...). Za povratak u "obicno"
listanje ukucajte LC *
@@ -2851,20 +3158,20 @@ nego ce DODATI novi tekst na kraj starog fajla.
@@ 14 N|NAME
Naredbom N mozete upisati ili promeniti svoje ime (do 12 znakova max.).
-Npr. N Haralampije
+Na pr. N Haralampije
Pogledajte jos i: NP, NL, NQ, NZ, NH naredbe.
@@ 14 NH|HOMEBBS|MYBBS
Ovom naredbom upisite svoj maticni ("home") BBS na koji vam dolaze poruke.
-Npr. NH YU7A
+Na pr. NH YU7A
Sve licne poruke za vas, koje kasnije stignu, bice upucene na BBS koji ste
naredbom NH odredili.
@@ 14 NP
-Za promenu lozinke kod telefon-modem porta.
+Za promenu lozinke kod porta za telefonski modem.
@@ 14 NQ
@@ -2877,7 +3184,7 @@ u server modu.
@@ 14 NZ
-Naredbom NZ upisite svoj postanski broj. Npr. NZ 21000
+Naredbom NZ upisite svoj postanski broj. Na pr. NZ 21000
@@ 14 O|OP|OR|OL|ON|OM
@@ -2892,11 +3199,11 @@ Naredba O ispisuje vase licne parametre u ovom BBS i to:
OL sluzi za izbor jezika na kojem ce BBS komunicirati sa vama.
Otkucajte OL za spisak mogucih jezika, a onda ponovite sa odabranim jezikom.
-Npr. OL 4 za promenu u jezik broj 4 sa spiska mogucih jezika.
+Na pr. OL 4 za promenu u jezik broj 4 sa spiska mogucih jezika.
OP sluzi sa formatiranje stranica listanja/citanja.
Podesava nakon koliko linija ce BBS prekinuti ispis i cekati vasu odluku
-da: prekinete, idete dalje i slicno. Upisite npr. OP 20 za 20 linija pre
+da: prekinete, idete dalje i slicno. Upisite na pr.. OP 20 za 20 linija pre
pitanja za dalji rad.
Ukoliko ukucate samo OP bez broja, dobijate stalni ispis bez prekidanja.
@@ -2904,8 +3211,8 @@ Ukoliko ukucate samo OP bez broja, dobijate stalni ispis bez prekidanja.
ON podesava tzv. osnovni (pocetni) broj kod citanja poruka.
Kako ovaj tip BBS-a poruke i biltene razlikuje samo po njihovom broju, koji
stalno raste sa dolaskom novih poruka, ubrzo postane malo nezgodno kucati
-npr. R 20050 20056 itd. Zato naredbom ON 20000 podesite "bazu" na 20000 i
-dalje radite kao da nema tih 20000 tj. od tada kucate: R 50 56 itd. Inace,
+na pr.. R 20050 20056 itd. Zato naredbom ON 20000 podesite "bazu" na 20000 i
+dalje radite kao da nema tih 20000 tj... od tada kucate: R 50 56 itd. Inace,
naredbe: ON 20 i ON 20000 su ista stvar.
Naredbom OR mozete odabrati da li zelite da citate/listate licne poruke
@@ -2928,7 +3235,7 @@ isto sto i tzv. server-mod samog BBS-a. To su posebni programi koji po nalogu
korisnika odrade razne stvari automatski. Sa serverom se komunicira kao i sa
nekim amaterom - slanjem "licne" poruka tom serveru.
-Npr. REQDIR server ce vam spremiti sadrzaj direktorija koji zelite i u vidu
+Na pr. REQDIR server ce vam spremiti sadrzaj direktorija koji zelite i u vidu
licne poruke za vas uputiti na vas maticni BBS.
Primer:
@@ -2959,7 +3266,7 @@ SB PRODAM @YU za otvoreni bilten na sve BBS u Jugoslaviji sa temom prodaje,
SP YT7MPB@YU7A za licnu poruku YT7MPB koja treba da ode/ostane u bbs-u YU7A,
SR salje odgovor na poruku . BBS ce sam da doda sve ostalo
u vezi adrese primaoca, kao i "Re:" u naslovu.
-SC kopira poruku za . Npr. dvojici primalaca ide
+SC kopira poruku za . Na pr. dvojici primalaca ide
isti tekst. Pre CTRL-Z mozete dopisati neki komentar, a
kopija poruke se sama dopise posle tog komentara.
@@ -2975,7 +3282,7 @@ na poziv u roku od 1 minuta, dobijate informaciju da mu ostavite poruku.
Izlistava poruke slozene po temama, ranije podesenim u BBS-u.
-Npr. sve poruke, poslate za OS2, DOS, NT4 i sl. mogu da budu u temi OPSISTEMI.
+Na pr. sve poruke, poslate za OS2, DOS, NT4 i sl. mogu da budu u temi OPSISTEMI.
Moguce naredbe su:
@@ -3005,7 +3312,7 @@ pravila. Primeri:
W
W *.DOC
-W \ibm\*.*
+W \IBM\*.*
@@ 14 WP
@@ -3025,8 +3332,8 @@ Naslov: unesite neki tekst (nebitno, napr. Info)
Tekst: YU1A ? (napr. trazite info o YU1A)
/EX ili CTRL-Z
-Takodje je dozvoljeno koristiti i dzokere pa mozete traziti info za npr. sve
-YT stanice:
+Takodje je dozvoljeno koristiti i dzokere pa mozete traziti info za
+na pr. sve stanice sa prefiksom YT:
YT* ?
@@ -3058,7 +3365,7 @@ YI fajl daje kratku informaciju o fajlu (ako je upisana kod unosa fajla),
YZ fajl brise fajl.
YAPP mogu koristiti samo vlasnici racunara sa programom koji sadrze i
-taj protokol. Npr za PC :YAPP, THS, TPK, modifikovani SP, s tim da bi trebalo
+taj protokol. Na pr za PC :YAPP, THS, TPK, modifikovani SP, s tim da bi trebalo
upotrebiti prg koji podrzava tzv. RESUME mod. To znaci da kad se veza prekine,
dodjete opet i nastavite tamo gde ste stali. Takvi su prg: TPK, ZACC, PTM,
AUTOYAPP itd.
@@ -3067,7 +3374,7 @@ YAPP se takodje moze upotrebiti iz FbbDOS-a, ali su onda druge naredbe.
@@ 14 Z
-Naredba Z brise fajl iz BBS moda.
+Naredba Z brise fajl iz BBS mod-a.
@@ 14 >
@@ -3185,10 +3492,10 @@ $O BBS, QTH $c $?.$WZdravo $I, nalazite se na kanalu $=.$WQSO $d $H (prethodni Q
#
# Upis podataka
#
-Upisite sa N svoje ime (npr. N Petar) : $W
-Upisite sa NQ svoj grad (npr. NQ Novi Sad) : $W
-Upisite sa NH najblizi BBS (npr. NH YU7A) : $W
-Upisite sa NZ postanski broj (npr. NZ 21000) : $W
+Upisite sa N svoje ime (na pr.. N Petar) : $W
+Upisite sa NQ svoj grad (na pr.. NQ Novi Sad) : $W
+Upisite sa NH najblizi BBS (na pr.. NH YU7A) : $W
+Upisite sa NZ postanski broj (na pr.. NZ 21000) : $W
#
#
# za goste:
@@ -3616,7 +3923,7 @@ following example:
#
# File that decides what language each user will use in the first
# connect. He can change language himself later...
-# All prefixes not listed here, will receive language no 1 (english).
+# All prefixes not listed here, will receive language no 1 (English).
# 3 parametres :
# Number of languages - Number in PC at the time - Console-language.
13 2 1
@@ -3844,7 +4151,7 @@ may help. So I look forward to hear from you soon!
Bibliography
-2003-12-03
+2004-01-11
Notice: Folks, I often visit some (inter)national
ICT conferences all around Serbia and Montenegro,
@@ -3860,10 +4167,10 @@ articles I have written, and the papers submitted to the
conferences until now.
-Case you want to re-publish or forward my volunteer paper
+In case you want to re-publish or forward my volunteer paper
works to some journals or other public media around, you are
free to contact me. Some of my papers are written in Serbian
-Cyrillic, some of them in English and some of them even
+Cyrillic, some of them are in English and some of them even
combined!
@@ -3953,6 +4260,11 @@ combined!
- "With rule and regulation improvements to the progress (2)"
proceedings, "TELFOR", Belgrade, Serbia, 2003.
+
+ - "XI Telekomunikacioni forum - TELFOR 2003", Info M, 8/2003.
+
+ - "Aktivnosti organizacije IEEE Computer Society - YU Chapter"
+ Info M, 8/2003.
@@ -3970,7 +4282,7 @@ I invite their administrators to contact me in order to cooperate.
Copyright
-Copyright (c) 2003 by Miroslav
+Copyright (c) 2004 by Miroslav
Skoric, YT7MPB.
@@ -4039,6 +4351,7 @@ Jose Marte, HI8GN, the packer of 7.02g package,
Paula Dowie, G8PZT, the author of Xrouter,
Sima YT1SM, first translation HLP and TXT (v.5.15c)
Sasa 4N7AM, first translation HLP and TXT (v.7.00b)
+Dragomir Kalaba, a local Linux 'guru'
and a variety of helpful radio amateurs world-wide.
@@ -4229,6 +4542,9 @@ little annoying.
+
+
+
diff --git a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml
index b2152e30..b74e3b8b 100644
--- a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml
+++ b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/LILO.sgml
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
LILO mini-HOWTO
Miroslav "Misko" Skoric,
v3.17, 2003-12-07
+v3.18, 2004-01-11
linux loader windows nt 2000 boot laptop hp
-LILO is the most used
If you compile a ``zImage'' kernel and it is too big to fit in half a
-megabyte (this is commong with new 2.1 kernels), you should build a
+megabyte (this is common with new 2.1 kernels), you should build a
``big zImage'' instead: ``make bzImage''. To boot a big
kernel image nothing special is needed, but you need version 18 or
newer of Lilo. If your installation is older, you should upgrade your
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ to have both Linux and NT entries under Lilo menu:
- After you have successfully installed your NT, you will see that
it uses the whole hard disk or a specific partition of the hard
disk (depending on what you decided during the setup process).
- So, it is advisible to 'shrink' the partition where NT resides
+ So, it is advisable to 'shrink' the partition where NT resides
in order to make some free space on the disk. Onto that free space
you will install your Linux. After you have your NT configured
and running, you have to boot your computer using a floppy
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ to have both Linux and NT entries under Lilo menu:
available changes is to make your existing partition(s) smaller,
so to get some free space on the disk(s) for other purposes.
Although you are advised to make a backup before you make any
- changes to the partitions, I usually practise to 'shrink' NT's
+ changes to the partitions, I usually practice to 'shrink' NT's
partition before I installed anything but NT itself (so, if
needed, a repetitive re-installation wouldn't be a problem).
Well, Partition Magic (or any other similar utility you are
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ to have both Linux and NT entries under Lilo menu:
choose to have your 'shrinked' NT partition at the beginning
or at the end of your disk (I usually choose NT to be at the
beginning, so the ending part of the disk will become a 'free
- space'). After the 'shrinkin' is finished, you may re-boot your
+ space'). After the 'shrinking' is finished, you may re-boot your
NT in order to check the new situation: you may use Windows
Explorer or Disk Administrator for that.
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ install Lilo by invoking ``cd /mnt; chroot . sbin/lilo -C
The ``bios='' directive in lilo.conf is used to tell
Lilo what the BIOS thinks of your devices. BIOS calls identify floppy
disks and hard drives with a number: 0x00 and 0x01 select the floppy
-drives, 0x80 and the following numbers select hard disks (old BIOSes
+drives, 0x80 and the following numbers select hard disks (old BIOS-es
can only access two disks). The meaning of ``bios = 0x80 in
the previous sample file is therefore ``use 0x80 in your BIOS calls
for /dev/hdc''.
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ and start : this is the first disk so it has number 0x80.
Then it's very simple, the BIOS follows the IDs.
-By exemple :
+By example :
ID 0 -> boot -> 0x80
@@ -705,7 +705,7 @@ SCSI devices IDs.
How to swap linux and NT booting ?
-Ok, but NT must be the first disk to boot, so i want it in 0x80, but i
+OK, but NT must be the first disk to boot, so i want it in 0x80, but i
already have LILO and a full ext2 only drive on 0x80 and my NT drive is
in 0x83. How can i 'swap' linux and NT ?
This a very easy : you just have to tell BIOS that NT drive is now 0x80
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ bytes.) So I have MS-DOS on a 350 MB partition /dev/hda1 and
my Linux root on a 120 MB partition /dev/hda2.
-Hauke Laging and Bob Hall
+Hauke Laging (hauke@laging.de) and Bob Hall (bhall@hallfire.org)
have noticed a small mistake above, so they've suggested a MB to be
2**20 bytes rather than 2**10 bytes. Thanks for correction. In
addition, Hauke would like to learn more about what he called,
@@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ procedure using HP's supplied installation CD's.
At the first moment, Linux setup complained that my Windows partition
"was too fragmented" and required me to reboot under Windows, run
the "defrag" utility, then restart the Mandrake Linux installation.
-The defragmentation process have taken cca 1.5 hour to be completed!
+The defragmentation process have taken cca. 1.5 hour to be completed!
When restarted the setup, it wanted to use 7.13 GB Windows partition,
instead of 20.80 GB. I chose to 'Use the free space'. Then it made partitions
for Linux: /dev/hda5 and /dev/hda7.
@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@ for Linux: /dev/hda5 and /dev/hda7.
- for Vectra VL420 I used 'Custom disk partitioning' because there
I had two SCSI disks, one of them running Windows 2000 Server
already installed, and the other one I wanted to use entirely for a
-Linux server. Btw, I wasn't sure what the option 'Erase entire disk'
+Linux server. BTW, I wasn't sure what the option 'Erase entire disk'
would do during its next step (erase a whole disk or a partition?),
although it also may be the proper solution too. DrakX
recognized the two SCSI disks as sda and sdb
@@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ name="Linux+WindowsNT"> mini-HOWTO.
Bibliography
-2003-12-03
+2004-01-11
Notice: Folks, I often visit some (inter)national
ICT conferences all around Serbia and Montenegro,
@@ -1245,10 +1245,10 @@ articles I have written, and the papers submitted to the
conferences until now.
-Case you want to re-publish or forward my volunteer paper
+In case you want to re-publish or forward my volunteer paper
works to some journals or other public media around, you are
free to contact me. Some of my papers are written in Serbian
-Cyrillic, some of them in English and some of them even
+Cyrillic, some of them are in English and some of them even
combined!
@@ -1338,6 +1338,11 @@ combined!
- "With rule and regulation improvements to the progress (2)"
proceedings, "TELFOR", Belgrade, Serbia, 2003.
+
+ - "XI Telekomunikacioni forum - TELFOR 2003", Info M, 8/2003.
+
+ - "Aktivnosti organizacije IEEE Computer Society - YU Chapter"
+ Info M, 8/2003.
@@ -1355,7 +1360,7 @@ I invite their administrators to contact me in order to cooperate.
Copyright
-Copyright (c) 2003 by Miroslav
+Copyright (c) 2004 by Miroslav
Skoric, YT7MPB.
@@ -1393,9 +1398,9 @@ at regular intervals.
In addition to the Lilo docs, there are a number
of mini-howto's that can be useful for your needs.
-All of them are called ``Linux+ mini-HOWTO by myself,
covering how to add an entry for NT
under existing Linux Lilo menu (more detailed than here).
Also, "Multiboot-with-LILO" describes how the various
-Windows flavours can be made to coexist with Linux.
+Windows flavors can be made to coexist with Linux.
This mini-HOWTO would be improved from time
to time. If you think that the HOWTO on your
@@ -1427,6 +1432,7 @@ Cameron Spitzer (cls@truffula.sj.ca.us)
Alessandro Rubini (rubini@linux.it)
Tony Harris (tony@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu)
Marc Tanguy (mtanguy@ens.uvsq.fr)
+Dragomir Kalaba, a local Linux 'guru'
Any comments or suggestions can be mailed to my
diff --git a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/Linux+WinNT.sgml b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/Linux+WinNT.sgml
index e32a13e7..a12e4f80 100644
--- a/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/Linux+WinNT.sgml
+++ b/LDP/howto/linuxdoc/Linux+WinNT.sgml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
Linux+WindowsNT mini-HOWTO
Miroslav "Misko" Skoric,
v2.17, 2003-12-07
+v2.18, 2004-01-11
linux loader windows nt 2000 boot laptop hp
This mini-HOWTO covers some ways on how to install both Linux
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ in order to get some free space for your further Linux' partitions.
(After a while, I recognized that 'shrinking' used partition
might not be needed. Actually, if you start from 'scratch', it
might be the best way to re-format your whole disk(s) using
-FDISK command. You should make a DOS boot floppy diskete
+FDISK command. You should make a DOS boot floppy diskette
where DOS commands FDISK and FORMAT have to be also copied.
More details later...)
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary:
- After you have successfully installed your NT, you will see that
it uses the whole hard disk or a specific partition of the hard
disk (depending on what you decided during the setup process).
- So, it is advisible to 'shrink' the partition where NT resides
+ So, it is advisable to 'shrink' the partition where NT resides
in order to make some free space on the disk. Onto that free space
you will install your Linux. After you have your NT configured
and running, you have to boot your computer using a floppy
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary:
available changes is to make your existing partition(s) smaller,
so to get some free space on the disk(s) for other purposes.
Although you are advised to make a backup before you make any
- changes to the partitions, I usually practise to 'shrink' NT's
+ changes to the partitions, I usually practice to 'shrink' NT's
partition(s) before I install anything else onto this NT (so, if
needed, a repetitive NT re-installation wouldn't be a problem).
Well, Partition Magic (or any other similar utility you are
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary:
choose to have your 'shrinked' NT partition at the beginning
or at the end of your disk (I usually choose NT to be at the
beginning, so the ending part of the disk will become a 'free
- space'). After the 'shrinkin' is finished, you may re-boot your
+ space'). After the 'shrinking' is finished, you may re-boot your
NT in order to check the new situation: you may use Windows
Explorer or Disk Administrator for that.
@@ -359,8 +359,8 @@ Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary:
I've made another NT partition, that has been assigned as D: disk.
Both NTFS partitions are approximatelly 3 GB each and Linux setup
found them as /dev/hda1 and /dev/hda2 partitions. The rest free space
- on the disk was cca 2 GB, where I have made the /root partition of
- near 1.9 GB and /swapp part of cca 100 MB (/dev/hda3 and /dev/hda4
+ on the disk was cca. 2 GB, where I have made the /root partition of
+ near 1.9 GB and /swap part of cca. 100 MB (/dev/hda3 and /dev/hda4
respectively). Lilo went to the MBR and all has been running fine.
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
- After you have successfully installed your NT, you will see that
it uses the whole hard disk or a specific partition of the hard
disk (depending on what you decided during the setup process).
- So, it is advisible to 'shrink' the partition where NT resides
+ So, it is advisable to 'shrink' the partition where NT resides
in order to make some free space on the disk. Onto that free space
you will install your Linux. Well, you may also think of using
other disk(s) you have for Linux (so did I). That case, you
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
available changes is to make your existing partition(s) smaller,
so you can get some free space on the disk(s) for other purposes.
Although you are advised to make a backup before you make any
- changes with your partitions, I usually practise to 'shrink' NT's
+ changes with your partitions, I usually practice to 'shrink' NT's
partition before I install anything but NT itself (so, if
needed, a repetitive re-installation wouldn't be a problem).
Well, Partition Magic (or any other similar utility you are
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
beginning, so the ending part of the disk will become a 'free
space'. I discovered some problems if the 'free space' is made
at the beginning of disk (later we'll talk about). So, after the
- 'shrinkin' is finished, you may re-boot your
+ 'shrinking' is finished, you may re-boot your
NT in order to check the new situation: you may use Windows
Explorer or Disk Administrator for that. You will also note how
NT can 'see' all (other) disks you have in your machine (either
@@ -549,13 +549,13 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
one should become /dev/sda4. Following that idea, the first one logical
partition within the extended one was numbered as /dev/sda5 (in my
case, it was the /boot partition that physically was the first from
- the beginning of the
-
- Well, you may ask me: Ok, but what in a case I have several
+
- Well, you may ask me: OK, but what in a case I have several
hard disks installed in the machine? Good question. You see, I
myself have four SCSI disks and, of course, I tried to
install Linux on the 2nd one, next the 3rd and, finally, on the
@@ -566,16 +566,16 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
must be a problem with disks that are too "far" from the MBR that is
located at the beginning of the
-
- You may also ask me: Ok, but, could I 'shrink' my NT partition in
+
- You may also ask me: OK, but, could I 'shrink' my NT partition in
a way the 'free space' is made at the beginning of the disk? Well, I
remember I tried to do so and to install, at first, Gnome
Workstation (395 packages, 570 MB) there. During the setup, everything
@@ -589,13 +589,13 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
were numbered as if they were physically positioned after the
NT partition! In the other words, there I have got a 'funny' order:
/dev/sda5, /dev/sda6, /dev/sda7 and, finally, /dev/sda1. Looked like
- the system was a bit confused. So I considered that it is advisible
+ the system was a bit confused. So I considered that it is advisable
to make the 'free space' after already existing NT
partition(s).
- Regarding two similar Linux images (differ in 'smp'). It is a server
- hardware with a multi-processor support. The "inteligent" setup has
+ hardware with a multi-processor support. The "intelligent" setup has
inspected the hardware and offered me to have both 'multi' and 'uni'
processor functionality. Nevertheless, I still have only one CPU
there.
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
- When the Win2000 installation is finished, you may re-install your
- favourite applications and restore your data from the
+ favorite applications and restore your data from the
backup. You should then check if everything goes fine with your
new and old Windoze stuff :-)
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
activated without boot diskette. Some Linux gurus
suggest to boot Linux from the installation CD, but I don't
know if it can help in case your system doesn't have
- bootable CDROM drive, i.e. a modern motherboard's
+ bootable CD-ROM drive, i.e. a modern motherboard's
BIOS. Any comment here?
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@ process shouldn't change too much, if any.
Notice: When I say 'beside Linux and Windows 98', I mean of
Linux and Windows 98 that already work together, so they were
-installed earlier, before we made a decission to add
+installed earlier, before we made a decision to add
Windows 2000. One of the machines I use at work, has both Linux
and Win98. They both load from under LILO menu.
@@ -764,7 +764,7 @@ it was there for hibernation and/or diagnostics).
- After that, I tried to repeat a procedure that I have always
-been very fond of: to make a couple of FAT partitions (cca 2037 MB)
+been very fond of: to make a couple of FAT partitions (cca. 2037 MB)
where my NT and/or W2k would go. Don't ask me why I use that old
FAT format - it is just to be sure that any type of Windows setup
will recognize such a partition and, as well, to be sure that some
@@ -800,14 +800,14 @@ time to insert Windows 2000 installation CD (once again, do not
use 2000's disks that have come with the computer). So, from
within NT running, I have installed 2000 onto the next partition
(actually, only the first part of the installation process starts
-from under NT, but it is ok). When the process has finished, you
+from under NT, but it is OK). When the process has finished, you
have two Windozes - on your first two partitions.
-- Everything seems to be running ok, excepting the diagnostics.
+
- Everything seems to be running OK, excepting the diagnostics.
It should be activated with F10 at system boot if "restore"
-CD's were used. Btw, NT's "restoration" finishes with even bigger
-partition (cca 500 MB). And not only that: this partition seems to
+CD's were used. BTW, NT's "restoration" finishes with even bigger
+partition (cca. 500 MB). And not only that: this partition seems to
be a *primary* one. That means, you may end up with a shortage of
primary partitions, in case you intend to install several operating
systems. Anyway, I have decided that the diagnostics is not too much
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ know when the boot floppy might be of help).
- Folks, in short, that was that. If everything goes fine, the
next system boot should take you into the Linux environment. Don't
-be surprized when you don't see your beloved Windoze(s) boot
+be surprised when you don't see your beloved Windoze(s) boot
loader(s) anymore. You just have to look into the another great
Linux document, called mini-HOWTO. There you'll find more detailed information
about how
@@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ know when that boot floppy might be useful).
- Folks, that was that - in short. If everything is fine, the
next system boot should take you into the Linux environment. Don't
-be surprized when you don't see your beloved Windoze(s) boot
+be surprised when you don't see your beloved Windoze(s) boot
loader(s) anymore. You just have to look into the another great
Linux document, called mini-HOWTO. There you'll find more detailed information
about how
- Some more explanations, related to the tables above:
It is obvious that diagnostics partition, accompanied with
-"restored" Windows 2000, is rather small - cca 15 MB (comparing
+"restored" Windows 2000, is rather small - cca. 15 MB (comparing
to the partition, that is created with "restored" Windows NT, which
-goes up to cca 500 MB). Regardless of that fact, it is a primary
+goes up to cca. 500 MB). Regardless of that fact, it is a primary
one. That means you should be aware of how many primary partitions
you have in the system. I am not sure now, but that might be one of
the reasons for not having diagnostic tools available anymore,
@@ -966,14 +966,14 @@ after completing all operating system installations.
Next, you may see that I have "shrinked" W2k's FAT32
-partition to a smaller size (cca 7.5 gig), in order to
+partition to a smaller size (cca. 7.5 gig), in order to
release enough free space for Linux.
I would suggest you to let Linux setup procedure to transform the
free space into Linux partitions. I mean, there's no need to prepare
the Linux partitions manually. As you can see from the tables,
-it took cca 50 megs for the boot part, cca twice a physical RAM
+it took cca. 50 megs for the boot part, cca. twice a physical RAM
(2 x 128 = 256 megs) for swap and the rest goes for other Linux parts.
Remaining free space was probably left after the conversions
of various file format systems.
@@ -1112,7 +1112,7 @@ procedure, using HP's supplied installation CD's.
At the first moment, Linux setup complained that my Windows partition
"was too fragmented" and required me to reboot under Windows, run
the "defrag" utility, then restart the Mandrake Linux installation.
-The defragmentation process have taken cca 1.5 hour to be completed!
+The defragmentation process have taken cca. 1.5 hour to be completed!
When restarted the setup, it wanted to use 7.13 GB Windows partition,
instead of 20.80 GB. I chose to 'Use the free space'. Then it made partitions
for Linux: /dev/hda5 and /dev/hda7.
@@ -1120,7 +1120,7 @@ for Linux: /dev/hda5 and /dev/hda7.
- for Vectra VL420 I used 'Custom disk partitioning' because there
I had two SCSI disks, one of them running Windows 2000 Server
already installed, and the other one I wanted to use entirely for a
-Linux server. Btw, I wasn't sure what the option 'Erase entire disk'
+Linux server. BTW, I wasn't sure what the option 'Erase entire disk'
would do during its next step (erase a whole disk or a partition?),
although it also may be the proper solution too. DrakX
recognized the two SCSI disks as sda and sdb
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ It seems that /boot and /swap partitions are very similar in s
regardless the disk sizes, but / (root, home etc) partitions depend on
disk size. Note that at my 'laptop' box I used the same HD of 27.95 GB for both
Windows and Linux (for Windows 7.13 GB FAT32 of 27.95 GB available, the rest,
-cca 20 GB for Linux).
+cca. 20 GB for Linux).
At the 'server' box I have two HD's of 17.12 GB each, and I used Disk 0 (the 1st
one) entirely for Windows 2000 Server, and Disk 1 (the 2nd one) entirely for Linux.
@@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@ After choosing Login as different user (at laptop), or Logout (at server), what
appeared were the same screens as described in 'The first Mandrake Linux boot
screen' section.
-Shoud you want to learn more about LILO ( mini-HOWTO.
@@ -1343,8 +1343,8 @@ At the first moment, Linux setup complained that my Windows partition
the "defrag" utility, then restart the Mandrake Linux installation.
After defragmentation process was finished, I tried once again the
'Use the free space on the Windows partition' but it wanted just
-to 'shrink' Windows partition from cca 30 gig to cca 28 gig. Then
-I used Partition Magic software and tried to shrink it to cca 20 GB
+to 'shrink' Windows partition from cca. 30 gig to cca. 28 gig. Then
+I used Partition Magic software and tried to shrink it to cca. 20 GB
in order to get more free space for Linux.
Than I tried 'Custom disk partitioning', chose the first IDE disk
@@ -1480,7 +1480,7 @@ It seems that /boot and /swap partitions are very similar in s
regardless the disk sizes, but / (root, home etc) partitions depend on disk
size. Note that at my 'client' box I used the same HD of 37.28 GB for both
Windows and Linux (for Windows 27.60 GB NTFS of 37.28 GB available, the rest,
-cca 10 GB for Linux).
+cca. 10 GB for Linux).
At the 'server' box I have two HD's of 17.12 GB each, and I used Disk 0 (the 1st
one) entirely for Windows 2000 Server, and Disk 1 (the 2nd one) entirely for Linux.
@@ -1537,7 +1537,7 @@ What about the Ctrl-Alt-Del:
After choosing Login as different user what appeared were the same screen as
described in 'The first Mandrake Linux boot screen' section.
-Shoud you want to learn more about LILO ( mini-HOWTO.
@@ -1563,7 +1563,7 @@ The workstation-like installations do not offer a 'root' account to be used from
the graphical login window (I suppose that 'su' or 'sudo' actions are available
- I haven't tested them yet). That might be a problem in cases when a user
misconfigures his/her account and when the administrator has to login to the
-system to fix that problem. At the moment, I am not sure how the admininistrator
+system to fix that problem. At the moment, I am not sure how the administrator
could do that without having the 'root' login ability (perhaps using virtual text
consoles accessed with CTRL-ALT-F1, CTRL-ALT-F2 ... , then starting GUI
if needed, etc ...)
@@ -1580,14 +1580,14 @@ are icons for CD and FD drives (although maybe not already being
storage is connected to the USB port, there is also an icon of an sda
(SCSI ?) USB storage available. On the other hand, in case of workstation/server
installations - there are no icons of those devices at all. It seems that the server
-installation considers that is better to live withouth these devices in case of a
+installation considers that is better to live without these devices in case of a
server :-) Any comments are welcomed.
-Related to writing and testing HOWTO's. I prefer to write a 'howto' document
+Related to writing and testing HOWTO's. I prefer to write a 'HOWTO' document
using a text editor and make it with a .sgml extension. Then I use the old,
good sgml2html tool to make HTML pages, in order to check how these
-pages will look like. Well, that's ok under Red Hat 7.1 but under Mandrake 9.1 it
+pages will look like. Well, that's OK under Red Hat 7.1 but under Mandrake 9.1 it
seems that I am not able to find the same tool. Any idea on that task?
@@ -1595,7 +1595,7 @@ seems that I am not able to find the same tool. Any idea on that task?
Bibliography
-2003-12-03
+2004-01-11
Notice: Folks, I often visit some (inter)national
ICT conferences all around Serbia and Montenegro,
@@ -1611,10 +1611,10 @@ articles I have written, and the papers submitted to the
conferences until now.
-Case you want to re-publish or forward my volunteer paper
+In case you want to re-publish or forward my volunteer paper
works to some journals or other public media around, you are
free to contact me. Some of my papers are written in Serbian
-Cyrillic, some of them in English and some of them even
+Cyrillic, some of them are in English and some of them even
combined!
@@ -1704,6 +1704,11 @@ combined!
- "With rule and regulation improvements to the progress (2)"
proceedings, "TELFOR", Belgrade, Serbia, 2003.
+
+ - "XI Telekomunikacioni forum - TELFOR 2003", Info M, 8/2003.
+
+ - "Aktivnosti organizacije IEEE Computer Society - YU Chapter"
+ Info M, 8/2003.
@@ -1721,7 +1726,7 @@ I invite their administrators to contact me in order to cooperate.
Copyright
-Copyright (c) 2003 by Miroslav
+Copyright (c) 2004 by Miroslav
Skoric, YT7MPB.
@@ -1776,6 +1781,12 @@ by Bill Wohler, wohler@newt.com
v1.1, 19 February 1997
+Credit also goes to:
+
+
+Dragomir Kalaba, a local Linux 'guru'
+
+
Any comments or suggestions can be mailed to my email address:
skoric at eunet dot yu