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Insert example to QoS section
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#LyX 1.6.4 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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#LyX 1.6.5 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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\lyxformat 345
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\begin_document
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\begin_header
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@ -12708,23 +12708,6 @@ Quality of Service (QoS)
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\begin_layout Standard
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IPv6 supports QoS with use of Flow Labels and Traffic Classes.
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This can be controlled using
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\begin_inset Quotes sld
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\end_inset
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tc
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\begin_inset Quotes srd
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\end_inset
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(contained in package
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\begin_inset Quotes sld
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\end_inset
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iproute
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\begin_inset Quotes srd
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\end_inset
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).
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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@ -12744,8 +12727,293 @@ target "http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3697.html"
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section
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General
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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more to be filled...
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Proper working QoS is only possible on the outgoing interface of a router
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or node, where the bottleneck begins.
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Everything else is a hickup and not subject to work as expected or has
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a successful result.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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-------------->-------
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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Queue 1
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\backslash
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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--->--- ---->--------->--------->---------------
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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Big pipe Queue 2 Queue 1 / Queue 2 / Queue 3 Thin Pipe
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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--->---- ---->--------->--------->---------------
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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Queue 3 /
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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-------------->-------
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Section
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Linux QoS using
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\begin_inset Quotes sld
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\end_inset
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tc
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\begin_inset Quotes srd
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Linux is using
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\begin_inset Quotes sld
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\end_inset
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tc
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\begin_inset Quotes srd
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\end_inset
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from the
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\begin_inset Quotes sld
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\end_inset
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iproute2
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\begin_inset Quotes srd
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\end_inset
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package to configure traffic shaping, generally described in the
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\begin_inset CommandInset href
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LatexCommand href
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name "Linux Advanced Routing & Traffic Control HOWTO"
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target "http://lartc.org/"
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\end_inset
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.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Subsection
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Example for a constant bitrate queuing
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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With the
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\begin_inset Quotes sld
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\end_inset
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cbq
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\begin_inset Quotes srd
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\end_inset
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scheduler, pipes with constant bit rates can be defined.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Subsubsection
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Root qdisc definition
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define root qdisc with a bandwidth of 1000 MBit/s on eth1
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc qdisc add dev eth1 root handle 1: cbq avpkt 1000 bandwidth 1000Mbit
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Subsubsection
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QoS class definition
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a class 1:1 with 1 MBit/s
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:1 cbq rate 1Mbit allot 1500
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bounded
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a class 1:2 with 50 MBit/s
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:2 cbq rate 50Mbit allot 1500
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bounded
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a class 1:3 with 10 MBit/s
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:3 cbq rate 10Mbit allot 1500
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bounded
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a class 1:4 with 200 kBit/s
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:4 cbq rate 200kbit allot 1500
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bounded
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Subsubsection
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QoS filter definition
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a filter for IPv4 (
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\emph on
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protocol ip
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\emph default
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), TCP (
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\emph on
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match ip protocol 6 0xff
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\emph default
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) destination port 5001 (
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\emph on
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match ip dport 5001 0xffff
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\emph default
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) using class 1:2 from above
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1: protocol ip u32 match ip protocol
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6 0xff match ip dport 5001 0xffff flowid 1:1
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a filter for IPv6 (
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\emph on
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protocol ip
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\emph default
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), TCP (
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\emph on
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match ip6 protocol 6 0xff
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\emph default
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) destination port 5001 using class 1:2 from above
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1: protocol ipv6 u32 match ip6 protocol
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6 0xff match ip6 dport 5001 0xffff flowid 1:2
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a filter for IPv6 for packets having flow label 0x12345 (
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\emph on
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match ip6 flowlabel 0x12345 0x3ffff
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\emph default
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) using class 1:3 from above
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1: protocol ipv6 u32 match ip6 flowlabel
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12345 0x3ffff flowid 1:3
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Define a filter for IPv6 for packets having Linux iptables mark 32 (
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\emph on
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handle 32 fw
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\emph default
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) specified using class 1:4 from above
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# tc filter add dev eth1 parent 1: protocol ipv6 handle 32 fw flowid 1:4
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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The last filter definition requires an entry in the ip6tables to mark a
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packet
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# ip6tables -A POSTROUTING -t mangle -p tcp --dport 5003 -j MARK --set-mark
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32
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Subsubsection
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Testing filter definitions using iperf
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Start on server side each one one separate console:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -s -p 5001
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -s -p 5002
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -s -p 5003
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Start on client side and compare results:
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -c SERVER-IPv4 -p 5001 (expected: 1 MBit/s)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -c SERVER-IPv6 -p 5001 (expected: 50 MBit/s)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -c SERVER-IPv4 -p 5002 (expected: >> 50 MBit/s && <= 1000
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MBit/s)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -c SERVER-IPv6 -p 5002 (expected: >> 50 MBit/s && <= 1000
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MBit/s)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -c SERVER-IPv4 -p 5003 (expected: >> 50 MBit/s && <= 1000
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MBit/s)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Code
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# iperf -V -c SERVER-IPv6 -p 5003 (expected: 200 kBit/s)
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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As result, the result on client and server side should be as defined (see
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above), the results on port 5002 should be very similar independend from
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used IP protocol.
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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Just note that currently, the filter which specifies the flowlabel can't
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be tested, because lack of support somewhere in client programs (e.g.
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traceroute, ping6).
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Chapter
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