mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
updaetd
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588f1df462
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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
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<url url="mailto:konst@linuxassembly.org" name="Konstantin Boldyshev"> and
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<url url="mailto:fare@tunes.org" name="Francois-Rene Rideau">
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<date>v0.5m, October 22, 2000
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<date>v0.5n, November 07, 2000
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<abstract>
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This is the Linux Assembly HOWTO.
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@ -161,6 +161,10 @@ I would like to thank following persons, by order of appearance:
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Each version includes a few fixes and minor corrections,
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that need not to be repeatedly mentioned every time.
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<descrip>
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<tag/Version 0.5n 07 Nov 2000/
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Added question regarding kernel modules to FAQ,
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fixed NASM URLs, GAS has Intel syntax too
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<tag/Version 0.5m 22 Oct 2000/
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Linux 2.4 system calls can have 6 args,
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Added ALD note to FAQ,
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@ -811,15 +815,15 @@ from the cell pointed to by <tt/%ebp/).
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</itemize>
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A program exists to help you convert programs
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There's a program to help you convert source code
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from TASM syntax to AT&T syntax. See
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<url url="ftp://x2ftp.oulu.fi/pub/msdos/programming/convert/ta2asv08.zip">.
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<url url="ftp://x2ftp.oulu.fi/pub/msdos/programming/convert/ta2asv08.zip">.
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<!--
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(Since the original x2ftp site is closing (no more?), use a
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<url url="ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/pc/x2ftp/README.mirror_sites"
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name="mirror site">).
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-->
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There also exists a program for the reverse conversion:
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There's also a program for the reverse conversion:
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<url url="http://www.multimania.com/placr/a2i.html">.
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@ -850,6 +854,10 @@ Finally, just compiling a C program to assembly
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might show you the syntax for the kind of instructions you want.
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See section <ref id="doyouneedasm" name="Do you need Assembly?"> above.
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<sect2>Intel syntax
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<p>
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Beginning from binutils 2.10.x.x.x, GAS supports Intel syntax too.
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<sect2>16-bit mode
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<p>
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@ -886,7 +894,8 @@ to eventually support all known syntaxes and object formats.
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<sect2>Where to find NASM<label id="findnasm">
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<p>
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<url url="http://nasm.sourceforge.net">
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<url url="http://www.cryogen.com/nasm/">,
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<url url="http://nasm.rm-f.net">
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Binary release on your usual metalab mirror in <tt>devel/lang/asm/</tt>.
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Should also be available as .rpm or .deb in your usual RedHat/Debian
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@ -1923,7 +1932,7 @@ List archives are available at <url url="http://www.egroups.com/list/linux-assem
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<sect1>Frequently asked questions (with answers)<label id="faq">
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<p>
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Here are frequently asked questions. Answers are taken
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Here are frequently asked questions. Some answers were taken
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from the <ref id="res-list" name="linux-assembly mailing list">.
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<sect2>How do I do graphics programming in Linux?
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@ -2058,6 +2067,56 @@ by means of system calls or library functions.
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In the worst case you may go through direct port access,
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or make a kernel patch to implement needed functionality.
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<sect2>Is it possible to write kernel modules in assembly?
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<p>
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Yes, indeed it is. While in general it is not a good idea
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(it hardly will speedup anything), there may be a need of such wizardy.
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The process of writing a module itself is not that hard --
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a module must have some predefined global function,
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it may also need to call some external functions from the kernel.
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Examine kernel source code (that can be built as module) for details.
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Meanwhile, here's an example of a minimum dumb kernel module (module.asm)
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(code is based on example by mammon_ from APJ #8):
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<tscreen><code>
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section .text
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global init_module
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global cleanup_module
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global kernel_version
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extern printk
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init_module:
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push dword str1
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call printk
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pop eax
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xor eax,eax
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ret
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cleanup_module:
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push dword str2
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call printk
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pop eax
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ret
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str1 db "init_module done",0xa,0
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str2 db "cleanup_module done",0xa,0
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kernel_version db "2.2.18",0
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</code></tscreen>
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The only thing this example does is reporting its actions.
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Modify <tt/kernel_version/ to match yours, and build module with:
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<tt/$ nasm -f elf -o module.m module.asm/
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<tt/$ ld -r -o module.o module.m/
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Now you can play with it using insmod/rmmod/lsmod
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(root privilidged are required); a lot of fun, huh?
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<em/That's all for now, folks/.
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$Id$
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
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<title>"Pocket" ISP based on RedHat Linux
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<author>Anton Chuvakin, <tt>
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<htmlurl url="mailto:anton@chuvakin.org" name="anton@chuvakin.org"></tt>
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<date>v1.1.0 1 August 2000</date>
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<date>v1.1.1 5 November 2000</date>
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<abstract>
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This document outlines the setup of a single RedHat box for dialins, virtual
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web hosting, virtual email, POP3 and ftp servers. Why anybody might need
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@ -68,6 +68,16 @@ the setup of some particular machines built by the author.
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<p>
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<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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<sect> Changes<p>
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<bf>from 1.1.0 to 1.1.1</bf>
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<p>
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<itemize>
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<item>
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Partitioning scheme described
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<item>
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Some comments to dialin server setup added (based on user feedback)
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<item>
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Some comments to ftp server setup added (based on user feedback)
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</itemize>
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<bf>from 1.0.3 to 1.1.0</bf>
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<p>
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@ -127,7 +137,7 @@ Windows configuration for dialup added
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<bf>Next update planned at:</bf> upon request or when new program versions are released
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<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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<sect> TODO Mon Aug 7 03:39:28 EDT 2000
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<sect> TODO Mon Nov 6 13:05:39 EST 2000
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<p>
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<itemize>
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<item>
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@ -135,15 +145,14 @@ More on security of all the services we install (clear text password, DoS by
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overflowing partition in mail and ftp, http access configs etc), including
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maybe the very basic ipchains setup (ipchains as safer alternative to tcp wrappers)
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<item>
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Add info on POP3 and ftp tunneling via ssh (just for fun)
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Add info on POP3 and ftp tunneling via ssh (just for fun) or refer to other HOWTOs
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<item>
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Add troubleshooting subsections to various sections
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<item>
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Add SSL-enabled Apache install and basic configuration
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<item>
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PDF version is available on all linuxdoc mirror sites
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<item>
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Add news server setup
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</itemize>
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<!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
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@ -242,7 +251,7 @@ Ingredients needed:
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<item>
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RedHat Linux distribution (the instructions are exactly applicable to RedHat
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6.1 or 6.0 (I think, 6.2, as well, since there are no major changes)
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and with some minor changes to 5.x versions)
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and with some minor changes to 5.x and 7.x versions)
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<item>
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<htmlurl url="http://www.redhat.com/support/hardware/"
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name="compatible"> hardware (also known as a PC), that includes
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@ -298,6 +307,21 @@ required-so only Server or Custom is strongly recommended.
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corresponding documentation for troubleshooting network card, modem,
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video card, etc problems
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(mostly HOWTOs and mini-HOWTOs, some are in References section below).
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<p>
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Here are some ideas on disk space partitioning. Read
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<htmlurl url="http://linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Multi-Disk-HOWTO.html" name="Linux Partitions HOWTO"> (a bit outdated)
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to get some general hints on functions of partitions and their sizes for
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different kinds of server setups.
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<p>Lest assume we are setting up a server for under one hundred users. We will
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need separate /tmp, /var and /home partititons (and swap, of course).
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If you hard drive is around 4 GB than roughly 300 MB is /tmp, 100MB swap, 1 GB /var (you
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want ample logging) and 1GB /home.
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The remaining 1.6GB will be root partition (no separate /usr). The split between
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/home and / might depend upon the amount of web pages you plan to host- the
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more pages the more space goes to /home. To enhance security it is nice to put
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some restricions (in /etc/fstab) to /tmp, /var and /home partitions (similar to those
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described in my
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<htmlurl url="http://www.chuvakin.org/kiodoc" name="Public Browser Station HOWTO ">.
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<p>
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If your network card is detected properly you will be asked for an IP
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address of your machine, gateway address and network mask and the
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@ -495,7 +519,10 @@ has Pentium II processor. This file exists, if the <tt>kernel-source</tt> RPM
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package was installed. If line <tt>CONFIG_IP_ALIAS=y</tt> is present in the
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file than you are OK. While we are here, we can also confirm the ability to
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forward IP packets (needed for dialup users PPP). This ability is present, but
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not turned on by default. Also needed is the support for PPP protocol (line
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not turned on by default (to turn it on do execute the following command
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<tt>echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward</tt>)
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. Also needed is the support for PPP protocol (line
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<tt>CONFIG_PPP=m</tt>, this means PPP support is compiled as a kernel loadable
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module, <tt>CONFIG_PPP=y</tt> is also OK)
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<p>
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@ -586,11 +613,18 @@ upgrading to 8.x
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(provided <htmlurl url="http://www.acmebw.com/askmrdns/00444.htm" name="http://www.acmebw.com/askmrdns/00444.htm">
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and
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<htmlurl url="http://www.dns.net/dnsrd/servers.html" name="http://www.dns.net/dnsrd/servers.html">
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and, I guess, at many other places)
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and, I guess, at many other places. Here is another
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<htmlurl url="http://www.deja.com/[ST_rn=ps]/getdoc.xp?AN=651139761" name="message">
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from Theo de Raadt
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himself (the head of OpenBSD development) where he justifies the choice of
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bind 4 as part of OpenBSD-the most secure UNIX OS around. He also shudders at
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the amount of bugs the OenBSD auditing team saw in BIND 8 source code)
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still didn't seem to convince many people. And, lets not forget the "exploit of 1999" -
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ADMROCKS, that gives remote root access to almost any Linux machine running bind prior to
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8.1.2 patch 3. Judging by the INCIDENTS mailing list, this is still a very
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popular way to attack RH versions 5.0-6.1 if no recommended upgrades are installed.
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popular way to attack RH versions 5.0-6.1 if no recommended upgrades are
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installed.
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It is claimed that named (whatever version) should always be run in a chroot jail.
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<p>
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Here are the instructions, loosely following the DNS book from O'Reilly (a good
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one, highly recommended to all, but very casual DNS user).
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@ -1078,8 +1112,8 @@ location and transfer their passwords in clear text? Not everybody
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<p>
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I suggest using the stock RH wu-ftpd (version 2.6.0 at the time of
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writing). While it is rumored that there are "more secure" ftp daemons
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(Pro-FTP?), wu-ftp appears to be one most commonly used. Recenly a series of
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bug was again discovered in wu-ftp and its reputation as the most popular ftp
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(Pro-ftpd), wu-ftp appears to be one most commonly used. Recenly a series of
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bugs was again discovered in wu-ftp and its reputation as the most popular ftp
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daemon seem to be dwindling. CERT has issued an advisory concerning WU-FTPD and all ftp daemons derived
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from BSD's final release.
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<p>
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@ -1237,7 +1271,10 @@ ftpguy:x:505:701::/home/ftpguy/./:/etc/ftponly
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yes, that is "slash"-"dot"-"slash" after his home directory.
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<item>Edit file <it>/etc/shells</it>, add line, below
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<verb>/etc/ftponly</verb>
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This file doesn't have to actually exist.
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This file has to exist in some newer Linux distributions (contrary to what is
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claimed at
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<htmlurl url="ftp://ftp.fni.com/pub/wu-ftpd/guest-howto" name="Guest FTP HOWTO">).
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Sometimes one can put <it>/bin/true</it> in its place.
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<item>Edit file <it>/etc/group</it>, add line, below
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<verb>
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lusers:x:701:ftpguy
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@ -1444,7 +1481,16 @@ DNS server
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</itemize>
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Look at pppd man page for all the juicy details (parts of the above info is
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adapted from there)
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<p>Another note is appropriate here. Some people reported that they had more
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success with <bf>+chap -pap</bf> in authenticating both Windows and Linux
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dial-up clients. If you are having problems, try changing
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<tt>/etc/ppp/options</tt> to have <bf>+chap -pap</bf>. In this case the new
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file <it>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</it> should be created (same contents as
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recommended <it>/etc/ppp/pap-secrets</it>).
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<p>Some other people reported that
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having default line from <it>/etc/mgetty+sendfax/login.config</it> works
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fine. I am very happy to hear that, and I never claimed that my way to set
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things up is the only true way.
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<item>
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<it>/etc/ppp/options.ttyS1</it><p>
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This file serves purpose similar to the previous one, but only applies to
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File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
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<author>Kris Buytaert,
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<htmlurl url="mailto:Kris.Buytaert@advalvas.be"
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name="Kris.Buytaert@advalvas.be">
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<date>v1p00, 24 June, 2000
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<date>v1p01, 02 November, 2000
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<abstract>
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This document tries to describe how to hook up a IBM Netstation
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@ -285,6 +285,7 @@ and tried executing nsmsetup.exe. It extracted properly, then choked
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on the install and removed all the install files. Then I tried opening
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it with WinZip, and that worked. I just extracted everything into my
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Windows partition under the directory C:/netstation.
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<item> I then copied everything from C:/netstation/prodbase to my linux
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box. I set everything up in /usr/netstation, which I think was a
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mistake. I ran strings on parts of the package, and it looks like
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@ -298,6 +299,14 @@ server, until I botched something. Now I get an IBM login screen that
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doesn't allow me to log in.
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</itemize>
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<p>
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Philip Tait wrote to tell us this :
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"From the directory tree extracted from nsmsetup.exe using WinZIP
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classic, copy the entire tree under "Prodbase" to /netstation. Export
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/netstation, and proceed as for the following sections.
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</p>
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<sect1>The Linux Part
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<p>
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@ -892,7 +901,8 @@ Lots of thanks must go out to Wouter Cloetens,
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wcloeten@raleigh.ibm.com
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for getting me started , additional info from Boas Betzler, Andreas Neuper
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and Herman Bos. Thanks for updates in v1.00 must go to Matt Peterson and
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Ken Collins for the setup using a Win98 machine in stead of an AIX box.
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Ken Collins and Philip Tait for the setup using
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a Win98 machine instead of an AIX box.
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and to Bart Geens ,Bart.Geens@advalvas.be for rereading this howto and
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findin uot lost of splelling errosr
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@ -917,6 +927,8 @@ think your part is missing, please mail me ;-)
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<item>v1.00 20000624 Updates but now also a sollution without AIX,
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this might be a good time for 1.0 ;-) It Also seems like the howto is not
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listed under mini anymore
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<item>v1.01 20001103 Updates for the not using AIX sollution (Philip
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Tait)
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</itemize>
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