mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
updated
This commit is contained in:
gferg
parent
7321b40075
commit
4b3a2416c5
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@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ rendering and modelling development environment using RedHat Linux. </Para>
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AI-Alife-HOWTO</ULink>,
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<CiteTitle>Linux AI & Alife HOWTO</CiteTitle>
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</Para><Para>
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Aug 2004</CiteTitle>.
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Aug 2005</CiteTitle>.
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Information about, and links to, various AI related software libraries,
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applications, etc. that work on the Linux platform. </Para>
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</ListItem>
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@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ advocate the use of Linux. </Para>
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AI-Alife-HOWTO</ULink>,
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<CiteTitle>Linux AI & Alife HOWTO</CiteTitle>
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</Para><Para>
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Aug 2004</CiteTitle>.
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Aug 2005</CiteTitle>.
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Information about, and links to, various AI related software libraries,
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applications, etc. that work on the Linux platform. </Para>
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</ListItem>
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@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ partition images to and from a TFTP server. </Para>
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Cluster-HOWTO</ULink>,
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<CiteTitle>Linux Cluster HOWTO</CiteTitle>
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</Para><Para>
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Nov 2004</CiteTitle>.
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Sep 2005</CiteTitle>.
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How to set up high-performance Linux computing clusters. </Para>
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</ListItem>
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@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ This is a Red Hat and LAM specific version of this document.
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Cluster-HOWTO</ULink>,
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<CiteTitle>Linux Cluster HOWTO</CiteTitle>
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</Para><Para>
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Nov 2004</CiteTitle>.
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Sep 2005</CiteTitle>.
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How to set up high-performance Linux computing clusters. </Para>
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</ListItem>
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@ -762,7 +762,7 @@ test cases for developing accessible Linux applications. </Para>
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AI-Alife-HOWTO</ULink>,
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<CiteTitle>Linux AI & Alife HOWTO</CiteTitle>
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</Para><Para>
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Aug 2004</CiteTitle>.
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<CiteTitle>Updated: Aug 2005</CiteTitle>.
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Information about, and links to, various AI related software libraries,
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applications, etc. that work on the Linux platform. </Para>
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</ListItem>
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@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
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<!doctype Linuxdoc system>
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<article>
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@ -6,7 +5,7 @@
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<title> Linux Cluster HOWTO </title>
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<author>Ram Samudrala <tt>(me@ram.org)</tt> </author>
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<date> v1.31, November 7, 2004 </date>
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<date> v1.5, September 5, 2005 </date>
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<abstract>
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How to set up high-performance Linux computing clusters.
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@ -18,9 +17,9 @@ How to set up high-performance Linux computing clusters.
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<sect> Introduction
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<p> This document describes how I set up my Linux computing clusters
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for high-performance computing which I need for <htmlurl
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url="http://compbio.washington.edu" name="my research">. </p>
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<p> This document describes how we set up our Linux computing clusters
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for high-performance computing which we need for <htmlurl
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url="http://compbio.washington.edu" name="our research">. </p>
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<p> Use the information below at your own risk. I disclaim all
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responsibility for anything you may do after reading this HOWTO. The
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@ -173,262 +172,28 @@ the following setups:
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<!-- ************************************************************* -->
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<sect1> Desktop hardware
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<sect1> Desktop and terminal hardware
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<p> We have identified at least two kinds of users of our cluster:
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those that need (i.e., take advantage of) permanent local processing
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power and disk space in conjunction with the cluster to speed up
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processing, and those that just need only the cluster processing
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power. The former are assigned "desktops" which are essentially
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high-performance machines, and the latter are assigned dumb
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"terminals". Our desktops are usually dual or quad processor machines
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with the current high-end CPU being a 1.6 GHz Opteron, having as much
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as 10 GB of RAM, and over 1 TB of local disk space. Our terminals are
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essentially machines where a user can log in and then run jobs on our
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farm. In this setup, people may also use laptops as dumb terminals. </p>
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<itemize>
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<item> 4 AMD 842 Opteron 1.6 GHz CPUs </item>
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<item> Tyan S4880UG2NR motherboard </item>
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<item> 80GB MAX 7200 HD </item>
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<item> 2 250GB WD 7200 HD </item>
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<item> 10 GB DDR PC3200 REG ECC RAM </item>
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<item> Chenbro SR107 BLACK 550W 4u case </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 2 desktops with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD Opteron 240 1.4 GHz CPUs </item>
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<item> K8T MASTER2-FAR K8T800 ATX motherboard </item>
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<item> 2 KINGSTON 512MB PC2700 REG. ECC RAM </item>
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<item> 550W Antec Xeon power supply </item>
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<item> ANTEC SX630II 300W mid-tower case </item>
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<item> 1.44mb floppy drive </item>
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<item> PRO 660 TV/DVI FX5200T 128MB video card </item>
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<item> 1 80GB SEA 7200 harddisk </item>
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<item> 2 200GB WD 7200 8MB harddisk </item>
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<item> CREATIVE SB 128 5.1 PCI soundcard </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD XP 2600 MP CPUs </item>
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<item> MSI K7D Master-L DUAL MS-6501 motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 1024MB PC2100 DDR REG ECC RAM </item>
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<item> 1 40GB SEA 7200 Maxtor harddisk </item>
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<item> 2 120GB SEA 7200 Maxtor hardidks </item>
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<item> PIONEER DVR-AO5 IDE DVD-RW </item>
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<item> 1.44mb floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb video card </item>
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<item> IN-WIN P4 300ATX Mid Tower case </item>
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<item> Intel PCI PRO-100 10/100Mbps network card </item>
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<item> 450W ENERMAX P4-430ATX power supply </item>
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<item> CREATIVE SB 128 5.1 PCI soundcard </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 2 desktops with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD XP 2600 MP CPUs </item>
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<item> MSI K7D Master-L DUAL MS-6501 motherboard </item>
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<item> 2 512MB PC2100 DDR REG ECC RAM </item>
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<item> 1 40GB SEA 7200 Maxtor harddisk </item>
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<item> 2 120GB SEA 7200 Maxtor hardidks </item>
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<item> MSI 52X24X52X CR52-A2 CD-RW </item>
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<item> 1.44mb floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb video card </item>
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<item> IN-WIN P4 300ATX Mid Tower case </item>
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<item> Intel PCI PRO-100 10/100Mbps network card </item>
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<item> 450W ENERMAX P4-430ATX power supply </item>
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<item> CREATIVE SB 128 5.1 PCI soundcard </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD Palamino MP XP 2000+ 1.67 GHz CPUs </item>
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<item> Asus A7M266-D w/LAN Dual DDR </item>
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<item> 2 Kingston 512mb PC2100 DDR-266MHz REG ECC RAM </item>
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<item> Ricoh 32x12x10 CDRW/DVD Combo EIDE </item>
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<item> 1.44mb floppy drive </item>
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<item> 1 41 GB Maxtor 7200rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> 1 120 GB Maxtor 5400rpm ATA100 HD </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb video card </item>
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<item> IN-WIN P4 300ATX Mid Tower case </item>
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<item> Intel PCI PRO-100 10/100Mbps network card </item>
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<item> Enermax P4-430ATX power supply </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Intel Xeon 1.7 GHz 256K 400FS </item>
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<item> Supermicro P4DCE Dual Xeon motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 256mb RAMBUS 184-Pin 800 MHz memory </item>
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<item> 2 120 GB Maxtor ATA/100 5400 RPM HD </item>
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<item> 1 60 GB Maxtor ATA/100 7200 RPM HD </item>
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<item> 52X Asus CD-A520 INT IDE CDROM </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> Leadtex 64 MB GF2 MX400 AGP </item>
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<item> Creative SB LIVE Value PCI 5.1 </item>
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<item> Microsoft Natural Keyboard </item>
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<item> Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer </item>
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<item> Supermicro SC760 full-tower case with 400W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 2 desktops with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 AMD K7 1.2g/266 MP Socket A CPU </item>
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<item> Tyan S2462NG Dual Socket A motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 256mb PC2100 REG ECC DDR-266Mhz </item>
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<item> 3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD </item>
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<item> 50X Asus CD-A520 INT IDE CDROM </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> Chaintech Geforce2 MX200 32mg AGP </item>
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<item> Creative SB LIVE Value PCI </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 2 desktops with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs </item>
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<item> Supermicro 370 DLE Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM </item>
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<item> 3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD </item>
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<item> Asus CD-S500 50x CDROM </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> Jaton Nvidia TNT2 32mb PCI </item>
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<item> Creative SB LIVE Value PCI </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 2 desktops with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs </item>
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<item> Supermicro 370 DLE Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM </item>
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<item> 3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD </item>
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<item> Mitsumi 8x/4x/32x CDRW </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> Jaton Nvidia TNT2 32mb PCI </item>
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<item> Creative SB LIVE Value PCI </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 1 desktop with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs </item>
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<item> Supermicro 370 DE6 Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM </item>
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<item> 3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM HD </item>
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<item> Ricoh 32x12x10 CDRW/DVD Combo EIDE </item>
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<item> Asus CD-A520 52x CDROM </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> Asus V7700 64mb GeForce2-GTS AGP video card </item>
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<item> Creative SB Live Platinum 5.1 sound card </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 3 desktops with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Pentium III 1 GHz Intel CPUs </item>
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<item> Supermicro 370 DE6 Dual PIII-FCPGA motherboard </item>
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<item> 4 256 MB 168-pin PC133 Registered ECC Micron RAM </item>
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<item> 3 40 GB Maxtor UDMA/100 7200 RPM hard disk </item>
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<item> Ricoh 32x12x10 CDRW/DVD Combo EIDE </item>
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<item> 1.4 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> Asus V7700 64mb GeForce2-GTS AGP video card </item>
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<item> Creative SB Live Platinum 5.1 sound card </item>
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<item> Full-tower case with 300W PS </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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</sect1>
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<!-- ************************************************************* -->
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<sect1> Firewall/gateway hardware
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<p> 1 firewall with the following setup:
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<itemize>
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<item> AMD Palamino XP 1700+ 1.47GHz CPU </item>
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<item> MSI KT3 Ultra2 KT333 MS-6380E motherboard </item>
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<item> 512 MB PC2100 DDR-266MHz DIMM RAM </item>
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<item> 40GB Seagate 7200rpm ATA/100 hard disk </item>
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<item> Asus 52X CD-A520 INT IDE cdrom </item>
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<item> 1.44 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb video card </item>
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<item> 3 Intel Pro/1000T Gigabit Server ethernet cards </item>
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<item> 4U Black Rackmount Steel case </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> 1 gateway with the following setup. The gateway is a mirror of
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the firewall in case the firewall breaks.
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<itemize>
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<item> AMD Palamino XP 1800+ 1.57GHz CPU </item>
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<item> MSI KT3 Ultra2 KT333 MS-6380E motherboard </item>
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<item> 512 MB PC2100 DDR-266MHz DIMM RAM </item>
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<item> 40GB Seagate 7200rpm ATA/100 hard disk </item>
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<item> Asus 52X CD-A520 INT IDE cdrom </item>
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<item> 1.44 MB floppy drive </item>
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<item> ATI Expert 2000 Rage 128 32mb video card </item>
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<item> 3 Intel Pro/1000T Gigabit Server ethernet cards </item>
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<item> 4U Black Rackmount Steel case </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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</sect1>
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<!-- ************************************************************* -->
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<sect1> Miscellaneous/accessory hardware
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<p> Backup:
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<itemize>
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<item> 2 Sony 20/40 GB DSS4 SE LVD DAT drives </item>
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</itemize>
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</p>
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<p> Monitors:
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<itemize>
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<item> 3 17" Viewsonic VG700 LCB monitor </item>
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<item> 2 17" Viewsonic VE700 LCD monitor </item>
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<item> 1 20.1" Viewsonic VP201M LCD monitor </item>
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<item> 1 22" Viewsonic P220F 0.25-0.27m monitor </item>
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<item> 4 21" Sony CPD-G500 .24mm monitor </item>
|
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<item> 2 18" Viewsonic VP181 LCD monitor </item>
|
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<item> 1 17" Viewsonic VE170 LCD monitor </item>
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<item> 2 21" Sun monitors </item>
|
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</itemize>
|
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</p>
|
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<p> Printers:
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<itemize>
|
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<item> HP colour laserject 4600dn </item>
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</itemize>
|
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</p>
|
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<p> Keyboards/mice:
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<itemize>
|
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<item> Microsoft Internet/Natural Keyboard </item>
|
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<item> Microsoft Intellimouse Explorer </item>
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</itemize>
|
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</p>
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<p> We generally use/prefer Viewsonic monitors, Microsoft Intellimouse
|
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mice, and Microsoft Natural keyboards. These generally have worked
|
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quite reliably for us. </p>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
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@ -436,35 +201,14 @@ the firewall in case the firewall breaks.
|
|||
|
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<sect1> Putting-it-all-together hardware
|
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|
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<p> We used to use KVM switches with a cheap monitor to connect up and "look"
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at all the machines:
|
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<p> For visual access to the nodes, we initially used to use KVM
|
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switches with a cheap monitor to connect up and "look" at all the
|
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machines. While this was a nice solution, it did not scale. We
|
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currently wheel a small monitor around and hook up cables as needed.
|
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What we need is a small hand held monitor that can plug into the back
|
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of the PC (operated with a stylus, like the Palm). </p>
|
||||
|
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<itemize>
|
||||
<item> 15" .28dp XLN CTL monitor </item>
|
||||
<item> 3 Belkin Omniview 16-Port Pro switches </item>
|
||||
<item> Belkin Omniview 2-Port switch </item>
|
||||
<item> 2 APC AR203 netshelter rack units </item>
|
||||
</itemize>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p> While this is a nice solution, I think it's kind of needless. What
|
||||
we need is a small hand held monitor that can plug into the back of
|
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the PC (operated with a stylus, like the Palm). I don't plan to use
|
||||
more monitor switches/KVM cables. </p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p> Networking is important:
|
||||
|
||||
<itemize>
|
||||
<item> 1 Netgear FS750ATNA 48 port/1 git network switch </item>
|
||||
<item> 2 Netgear FS750NA 48 port/1 git network switch </item>
|
||||
<item> 1 Netgear FSM750S 48 port/2 git network switch </item>
|
||||
<item> 1 Netgear FS517TS 16 port/1 git network switch </item>
|
||||
<item> 1 Netgear FS524 24 port network switch </item>
|
||||
<item> 1 Cisco Catalyst 3448 XL Enterprise Edition 48 port network switch </item>
|
||||
<item> 1 Netgear ME102NA Wireless Access Point </item>
|
||||
<item> 1 Netgear MA401NA Wireless PCMCIA network card </item>
|
||||
</itemize>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p> For networking, we generally use Netgear and Cisco switches. </p>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -500,7 +244,6 @@ of each processor to below $1000 (including housing it). </p>
|
|||
<item> Kernel 2.4.18-10, distribution KRUD 7.3
|
||||
<item> Kernel 2.4.20-13.9, distribution KRUD 9.0
|
||||
<item> Kernel 2.4.22-1.2188, distribution KRUD 2004-05
|
||||
<item> Kernel 2.6.5-1.358, distribution Fedora Core 2
|
||||
</itemize>
|
||||
|
||||
These distributions work very well for us since updates are sent to us
|
||||
|
|
@ -553,40 +296,45 @@ copiable. </p>
|
|||
|
||||
<sect1> Disk configuration
|
||||
|
||||
<p> This section describes disk partitioning strategies. </p>
|
||||
<p> This section describes disk partitioning strategies. Our goal is
|
||||
to keep the virtual structures of the machines organised such that
|
||||
they are all logical. We're finding that the physical mappings to the
|
||||
logical structures are not sustainable as hardware and software
|
||||
(operating system) change. Currently, our strategy is as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<tscreen><verb>
|
||||
farm/cluster machines:
|
||||
|
||||
hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
|
||||
hda2 - / (remaining disk space)
|
||||
hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on system disk - swap (2 * RAM)
|
||||
partition 2 on system disk - / (remaining disk space)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk - /maxa (total disk)
|
||||
|
||||
desktops (without windows):
|
||||
servers:
|
||||
|
||||
hda1 - swap (2 * RAM)
|
||||
hda2 - / (4-8 GB)
|
||||
hda3 - /spare (remaining disk space)
|
||||
hdb1 - /maxa (total disk)
|
||||
hdd1 - /maxb (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on system disk - swap (2 * RAM)
|
||||
partition 2 on system disk - / (4-8 GB)
|
||||
partition 3 on system disk - /home (remaining disk space)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk 1 - /maxa (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk 2 - /maxb (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk 3 - /maxc (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk 4 - /maxd (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk 5 - /maxe (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk 6 - /maxf (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk(s) - /maxg (total disk space)
|
||||
|
||||
desktops (with windows):
|
||||
desktops:
|
||||
|
||||
hda1 - /win (total disk)
|
||||
hdb1 - swap (2 * RAM)
|
||||
hdb2 - / (4 GB)
|
||||
hdb3 - /spare (remaining disk space)
|
||||
hdd1 - /maxa (total disk)
|
||||
|
||||
laptops (single disk):
|
||||
|
||||
hda1 - /win (half the total disk size)
|
||||
hda2 - swap (2 * RAM)
|
||||
hda3 - / (remaining disk space)
|
||||
partition 1 on system disk - swap (2 * RAM)
|
||||
partition 2 on system disk - / (4-8 GB)
|
||||
partition 3 on system disk - /spare (remaining disk space)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk 1 - /maxa (total disk)
|
||||
partition 1 on additional disk(s) - /maxb (total disk space)
|
||||
</verb></tscreen>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
|
||||
<p> Note that in the case of servers and desktops, maxg and maxb can
|
||||
be a single disk or a conglomeration of disks. </p>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- ************************************************************* -->
|
||||
|
|
@ -594,7 +342,8 @@ hda3 - / (remaining disk space)
|
|||
<sect1> Package configuration
|
||||
|
||||
<p> Install a minimal set of packages for the farm. Users are allowed
|
||||
to configure desktops as they wish. </p>
|
||||
to configure desktops as they wish, provided the virtual structure is
|
||||
kept the same described above is kept the same. </p>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -799,8 +548,8 @@ have an impact) and the supporting hardware is different. </p>
|
|||
<p> These machines are incredibly stable both in terms of hardware and
|
||||
software once they have been debugged (usually some in a new batch of
|
||||
machines have hardware problems), running constantly under very heavy
|
||||
loads. One example is given below. Reboots have generally occurred
|
||||
when a circuit breaker is tripped.
|
||||
loads. One common example is given below. Reboots have generally
|
||||
occurred when a circuit breaker is tripped.
|
||||
|
||||
<tscreen><verb>
|
||||
2:29pm up 495 days, 1:04, 2 users, load average: 4.85, 7.15, 7.72
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue