mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
540 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
540 lines
25 KiB
Plaintext
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<!doctype article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V3.1//EN" [
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]>
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<!-- Changelog -->
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<!-- 1.1 Added Geocrawler.com to Mailing List Section.Convert to DocBook -->
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<!-- 1.2 Added "Introduction to Unix" to Unix section -->
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<!-- 1.3 Update -->
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<article>
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<artheader>
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<title>Online Troubleshooting Resources : HOWTO</title>
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<mediaobject>
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<imageobject>
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<imagedata fileref="meghan1.jpg" align="left" format="jpg">
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</imageobject>
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<textobject>
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<phrase>Linux Documentation Project</phrase>
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</textobject>
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</mediaobject>
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<author>
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<firstname>Howard</firstname>
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<surname>Mann</surname>
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<affiliation>
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<address><email>howardm@xmission.com</email></address>
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</affiliation>
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</author>
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<releaseinfo>v 1.3 July 24, 2000</releaseinfo>
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<abstract>
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<para>
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This document will direct Linux users to resources available on the Internet
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that provide access to a vast amount of Linux-related information useful in
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troubleshooting problems
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</para>
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</abstract>
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</artheader>
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<sect1 id="intro">
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<para>The traditional means of troubleshooting computer-related problems
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involves consulting user's manuals, books, friends - probably enticed with
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goodies - and, when all the former do not yield a solution, calling the
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technical support service of the vendor of the product in question. And, we all
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know pleasant and reliably efficacious the latter stratagem is. Unfortunately,
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this is the norm in the sphere of commercial proprietary products. </para>
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<para>In contradistinction, Linux, and related distributions, utilities and
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applications software, has largely been developed according to the <ulink
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url="http://www.opensource.org" >Open Source</ulink> model, wherein developers
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have used electronic communication over the Internet - typically in the form of
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publically-accessible Mailing Lists- to collaborate with their peers in the
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refinement of the associated source code. Such collaboration has also
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traditionally involved the online publication of user's manuals, lists of
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Frequently-Asked-Questions ( FAQ's ) , knowledge bases, release notes, formal
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guides such as this document (HOWTO's) and tutorials. In addition, users often
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assist others through the forum of Usenet and other newsgroups and the posted
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messages are readily accessible in the form of searchable archives. These
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linux-related newsgroups are renowned for their high level of user
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participation. In significant measure, Linux may be considered a product of the
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Internet.</para>
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<para>Considered together, these resources enable access to a large,
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ever-expanding factual database, and my intent is to encourage and direct the
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reader to utilize these repositories when faced with an issue not addressed in
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the documentation that is included with each distribution of Linux. Linux
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veterans who assist newcomers through the forum of Usenet soon become aware of
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the frequency with which certain technical questions are repeatedly posted -
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questions the answers to which are readily available in one or more of the
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existent online repositories. So, to diminish the likelihood of being "flamed"
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in response to your posted question on Usenet or irc , read further!</para>
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<para>Armed with a browser, Linux users may rapidly become adept at
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troubleshooting their systems. The key is knowing how and where to look. My
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objective is to guide the user - particularly the Linux newbie - in this
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quest.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="docupdates">
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<title>Document Updates</title>
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<para>The latest version of this document will always be available via the
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<emphasis>Documents Catalog</emphasis> at the <ulink
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url="http://www.oswg.org">Open Source Writers
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Group</ulink> The document will also be available in SGML, PS, RTF, DVI and other
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formats at that website.
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</para>
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<sect2>
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<title>Copyright and License</title>
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<para>Copyright (c) 1999 , by Howard Mann.
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</para>
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<para>
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Publication and distribution of this document is governed by the terms of the
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<ulink url="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/">Open Publication
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License</ulink> , Draft version 0.4, June 8, 1999, or later.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>Feedback and Corrections</title>
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<para>I always welcome feedback and constructive criticism.In particular, I wish
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to be notified about any errors in this document and resources you believe
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deserving of inclusion, but not presently covered herein. Because the assessment
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of the value of a particular resource is inherently subjective, I do not
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guarantee that I will include it, but I will certainly give any suggestion
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thoughtful consideration. In anticipation, Thanks.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="howtos">
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<title>HOWTOs and mini-HOWTOs</title>
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<para>These documents are associated with the <ulink
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url="http://www.linuxdoc.org">Linux Documentation Project</ulink>. There is a
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<ulink url="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX-3.html">HOWTO Index
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Page</ulink> that I suggest you bookmark in your browser.</para>
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<para>These HOWTOs are written by Linux users and are periodically updated by
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the authors. Many authors provide the latest version at a personal website and a
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hyperlink to the latter is typically provided in the document.This version may
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be newer than that available at the website. The document may be published
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online before its inclusion into the database.</para>
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<para>Note also that other HOWTOs are available, the authors of which have not
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submitted them to the LDP. It is definitely worthwhile trying to find these
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using an Internet search engine as I describe in a subsequent section.</para>
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<para>These documents are particularly useful when you decide to provide or
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access a new service with your Linux system, or when you embark on a technically
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complex project. For example, you may have the option of accessing the 'net with
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a DSL or Cable Modem service - excellent guides are available in the form of
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HOWTOs.</para>
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<para>In addition, authors often include references and links to sites that they
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have found useful. You may find the information you need at one of these
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hyperlinked sites rather than in the HOWTO itself. For example, I found <ulink
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url="http://cesdis1.gsfc.nasa.gov/linux/drivers/">Linux Network Drivers</ulink>,
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the primary site for information about Network Interface Card drivers , in the
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Ethernet HOWTO.</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="faqs">
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<title>Frequently-Asked-Questions ( FAQs)</title>
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<para>A list of FAQs is a traditional accompaniment to Linux-related
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applications, utilities, and the like. An FAQ is typically provided online by
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the developer/s of the product in question, and enterprising users sometimes
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host an <quote>unofficial</quote> FAQ as well. Search for the latter with an
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Internet search engine.</para>
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<para>The FAQ is the first document to peruse when troubleshooting a
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particular application. In addition, FAQs exist for Linux distributions, window
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managers, and the so-called desktop environments ( KDE and Gnome ).</para>
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<para>For Linux newbies, I provide links to three FAQs that collectively
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address <emphasis>many</emphasis> of the questions posted to the Usenet
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newsgroups :</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink
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url="http://www.fokus.gmd.de/linux/FAQ/Linux-FAQ.html">The Linux FAQ</ulink>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/FAQ">The XFree86 X - Window
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System FAQ</ulink></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink url="http://www.tux.org/lkml/">The Linux Kernel mailing
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list FAQ</ulink></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="onlinesupport">
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<title>Online Support Sections</title>
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<para>These sections are typically found at the websites of Linux
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distributions, and often contain a variety of helpful documents with information
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not easily encompassed within a FAQ. Look for sections with one or more of the
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following titles:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Installation Support</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Knowledge or Solutions Databases</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Tips and Tricks</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Errata, Fixes and Updates</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>White Papers</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Technical Guides</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Hardware Guide or Compatibility List</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Security Information</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>Some websites provide a site search engine that will facilitate your quest
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for a solution.
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</para>
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<para>If you have a problem with a newly installed distribution, look here first
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as bugs and their fixes are typically posted here. You may find a detailed guide
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that will help you accomplish a task such as upgrading your kernel or the
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version of the XFree86 X - Window System you are using.
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</para>
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<para>I recommend you spend some time at the website of the distribution you are
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using, familiarizing yourself with what is available.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="usenet">
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<title>Usenet Newsgroup Archives</title>
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<para>The ability to search for and retrieve information from archived posts
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to the linux-related (Usenet) newsgroups represents a powerful means of
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troubleshooting in Linux.</para>
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<para>Search engines permit one to search the archives by stipulating the forum,
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keywords, authors, dates, language and combinations thereof. Because the number
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of linux-related newsgroups is large, the likelihood of finding useful
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information is high.</para>
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<para>I would like to relate a brief anecdote to demonstrate the efficacy of
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this approach. The first time I attempted to build a kernel, I was presented
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with this error message when I invoked a <quote>make</quote> command:</para>
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<screen>make[1]: as86: Command not found make[1]: *** [bootsect.o] Error 127
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make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot' make: *** [zImage]
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Error 2</screen>
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<para>I had no idea what <emphasis>as86</emphasis> was, but I entered it as the
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keyword in the <emphasis>SUBJECT</emphasis> field of the Power Search utility at
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<emphasis>deja.com</emphasis> ( see below) , and was presented with a large
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number of posts from folks who had encountered the same problem. Respondents
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had provided the reason and solution: I did not have an assembler/linker
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necessary to create machine code, and the <emphasis>bin86</emphasis> package
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provided it. I downloaded and installed a RPM package of the latter and was on
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my way. This entire process took about 10 minutes ( I do have an ADSL connection
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to the 'net ! ).</para>
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<para>There are two websites that provide access to Usenet archives using a
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search engine as described in the following sections.</para>
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<sect2 id="dejacom">
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<title>Power Search at deja.com</title>
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<para>The <ulink url="http://www.deja.com/home_ps.shtml">Power Search
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page</ulink> allows you to search using keywords and other parameters.I suggest
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you spend some time becoming familiar with the <ulink
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url="http://www.deja.com/help/help_lang.shtml">Search Language</ulink> nuances.
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In particular, note the value of using the <emphasis>wildcard</emphasis> symbol.
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You will be repaid time and again for your efforts. I typically enter the
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following for a "routine" search:</para>
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<para><Literal remap="tt">LANGUAGE : English</Literal></para>
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<para><Literal remap="tt">SUBJECT : try different keywords, thinking of a
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subject line you would use for a post</Literal></para>
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<para><Literal remap="tt">FORUM : *linux* or comp.os.linux.*</Literal></para>
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<para>Another version of this search engine is this <ulink
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url="http://www.exit109.com/~jeremy/news/deja.html">Customized Power Search
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Page</ulink>. Customize this page to your liking ( I like the " DejaClassic"
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option ), and then choose " Save Settings."</para>
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<para>The <ulink url="http://homemade.hypermart.net/dejasearch/">DejaSearch
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utility</ulink> is another application that you may use. It will print out the
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retrieved posts in one HTML file for your perusal. By using this, you will not
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have to page back and forth in your browser.</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="searchlinux">
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<title>Searchlinux.com (CNET Linux Help)</title>
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<para>The <ulink url="http://www.searchlinux.com">Searchlinux
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website</ulink> is relatively new, with many of the same features as deja.com.
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It has "basic" and "advanced" search options. The latter does not have as many
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options as the Power Search feature at<emphasis> deja.com</emphasis>. It has a
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nice one-click option whereby one may view one's own posts and associated
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replies</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="searchengines">
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<title>Internet Search Engines</title>
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<para>I frequently use a Search Engine to retrieve helpful or necessary
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information from the 'net. These engines catalogue pages from commercial,
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personal and academic websites, as well as Mailing Lists and the like.</para>
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<para>Of course, there are a large number of available Search Engines, and I
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suggest you try several before giving up on a particular quest. Research has
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shown that any one of them catalogues but a small portion of existent web pages.
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It is worthwhile becoming very familiar with the operational details of at
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least one non-directory engine to maximize the efficiency and efficacy of your
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search efforts. You probably already have a favorite - I like
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<emphasis>Google.com</emphasis>, and will discuss it in a little more
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detail.</para>
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<sect2 id="google">
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<title>Google.com</title>
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<para>This engine has several novel features that are described in its
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<ulink url="http://www.google.com/why_use.html">Why use Google.com page</ulink>
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In particular, the engine often returns the most useful pages first ; in fact, I
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have often found that the first listed page contains the information I need.
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Because it caches web pages, it is relatively fast at displaying requested
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items. It has a so-called <emphasis>GoogleScout (TM)</emphasis> feature that
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provides additional relevant links with each item returned.</para>
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<para>In addition, it has a specialized <ulink
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url="http://www.google.com/linux">Linux Search Engine</ulink> that I use as my
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primary Internet search tool. It searches the database of linux-related pages at
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Google.com further promoting search efficiency. Try it- I am confident you will
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bookmark it immediately.</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="mailinglists">
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<title>Mailing List Archives</title>
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<para>As you might expect, there are a very large number of linux-related
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Mailing Lists that enable developers and users to communicate and collaborate on
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projects. These Lists cover every conceivable aspect of Linux, from the
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technical arcana of kernel development to the relatively unfocused discussion of
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issues at the newbie level. Subscribers to a particular Mailing List are
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generally very knowledgeable in the List's topic, and detailed and useful
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information is often retrievable. The communications are publically accessible
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through Internet search engines and in the form of online Mailing List Archives.
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You will typically see archived pages when you conduct a search using an
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Internet search engine.</para>
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<para>Not all Mailing Lists are associated with an online archive, but this is
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increasingly the case. Similarly, not all archives have an associated search
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engine.</para>
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<para>Initially, try locate the Mailing List Archive you are interested in by
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typing a keyword/s and "mailing list archive" in an Internet search
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engine.</para>
|
||
|
|
<para>For a listing of linux-related Mailing Lists, peruse websites such as the
|
||
|
|
<ulink url="http://www.linuxrx.com/Lists/Lists.perl">Linux Resource
|
||
|
|
Exchange</ulink> and the <ulink url="http://www.linux.org/help/lists.html">Linux
|
||
|
|
Online Mailing Lists</ulink></para>
|
||
|
|
<para>A relatively new, excellent Mailing List resource is <ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.geocrawler.com">Geocrawler (The Knowledge Archive)</ulink>. This
|
||
|
|
is a continuously updated, searchable archive of a large number of Lists that
|
||
|
|
also allows one to register and subsequently post to any particular Mailing
|
||
|
|
List. Its user interface is simple and its search function delivers messages
|
||
|
|
very quickly. I highly recommend this site.</para>
|
||
|
|
<para>You may also find Mailing List archives at the following locations
|
||
|
|
:</para>
|
||
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
||
|
|
<listitem>
|
||
|
|
<para>The website of the distribution of Linux you use.</para>
|
||
|
|
</listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para>The website/s of the Window Manager and/or Desktop Environment
|
||
|
|
you use.</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para>The website dedicated to the application or project in
|
||
|
|
question.</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.mail-archive.com/lists.html">The Mail
|
||
|
|
Archive</ulink></para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.uwsg.indiana.edu/hypermail/">Mailing List
|
||
|
|
Archives</ulink></para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://kernelnotes.org/lnxlists/">The Linux Mailing
|
||
|
|
List Archives</ulink></para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.tux.org/hypermail/">Tux Mailing List
|
||
|
|
Archives</ulink></para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
||
|
|
<para>This is not a complete listing of archives and you may find additional
|
||
|
|
sites with an Internet search engine. But, this should certainly get you
|
||
|
|
going.</para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</sect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect1 id="usersmanuals">
|
||
|
|
<title>Online User's Manuals</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>Some of the major Linux distributions and Window Managers/Desktop
|
||
|
|
Environments publish their user's manual online. If the entire manual is not
|
||
|
|
online, installation and configuration guides are typically found at the
|
||
|
|
relevant website . This also applies to major applications like the
|
||
|
|
<emphasis>Gimp</emphasis> ( GNU Image Manipulation Program).</para>
|
||
|
|
<para>So, for those users who do not have the printed manual, a wealth of
|
||
|
|
installation and configuration guidance is generally available online. </para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</sect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect1 id="unixrefs">
|
||
|
|
<title>Online Unix References and Tutorials</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>As Linux is a Unix-like operating system, a general familiarity with
|
||
|
|
fundamental Unix concepts such as the Unix directory hierarchy and file
|
||
|
|
permissions is essential. Fortunately, there are many Unix tutorials online that
|
||
|
|
collectively cover everything a user might need to know to use Linux. I suggest
|
||
|
|
you bookmark the following as an online reference library :</para>
|
||
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
||
|
|
<listitem>
|
||
|
|
<para><ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.unix.digital.com/faqs/publications/base_doc/DOCUMENTATION/V40D_HTML/APS2HDTE/TITLETXT.HTM"
|
||
|
|
>The Command and Shell User's guide</ulink> from the Digital Equipment
|
||
|
|
Corporation is an excellent guide to the Unix Operating System. Bookmark the
|
||
|
|
<emphasis>Index Page</emphasis> linked there as an online reference.</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.ucs.ed.ac.uk/~unixhelp/servers.html">UNIXhelp</ulink> is
|
||
|
|
mirrored on many servers around the world. It is a useful resource for
|
||
|
|
newbies.</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://wks.uts.ohio-state.edu/unix_course/intro-1.html">Introduction to
|
||
|
|
Unix</ulink> also contains a useful <ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://wks.uts.ohio-state.edu/unix_course/intro-137.html#HEADING137-0">Unix
|
||
|
|
Command Summary</ulink> page with brief, but useful, explanations of commonly
|
||
|
|
used Unix commands.</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.msoe.edu/~taylor/4ltrwrd/">Unix is a Four Letter
|
||
|
|
Word...</ulink> is another resource suitable for newbies.</para>
|
||
|
|
</listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><ulink url="http://netizen.com.au/services/training/">Unix
|
||
|
|
Tools</ulink> contains useful descriptions of utilities, such as
|
||
|
|
<emphasis>tar</emphasis>, that are commonly used in daily work.</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</sect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect1 id="kernel">
|
||
|
|
<title>Linux Kernel Resources</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>If you would like current information about the Linux kernel,
|
||
|
|
<ulink url="http://www.kernelnotes.org">Kernelnotes.org</ulink> is the site you
|
||
|
|
should visit. At this site, you can find out information about the stable and
|
||
|
|
development versions of the kernel, as well as information about upgrading the
|
||
|
|
kernel. It has links to unofficial patches and drivers, and much more.</para>
|
||
|
|
</sect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect1 id="miscresources">
|
||
|
|
<title>Miscellaneous Resources</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>In this section, I provide a number of links to websites that I have
|
||
|
|
found useful while learning to use Linux. This is an eclectic collection, but
|
||
|
|
keep these handy.</para>
|
||
|
|
<sect2 id="Xwindow">
|
||
|
|
<title>Release Notes and Available Documentation related to the XFree86 X
|
||
|
|
- Window Server</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>This documentation accompanies each version of XFree86, and is
|
||
|
|
available at the <ulink url="http://www.xfree86.org/">XFree86 website</ulink>.
|
||
|
|
Whenever you have trouble with your X environment, peruse the notes applicable
|
||
|
|
to your videocard/chipset. These typically provide details about the
|
||
|
|
configuration of the X - window system relative to your card, and will enumerate
|
||
|
|
any "options" you have to include in the<filename> XF86Config</filename> file
|
||
|
|
that governs X. </para>
|
||
|
|
</sect2>
|
||
|
|
<sect2 id="texinfo">
|
||
|
|
<title>GNU Texinfo pages</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>A great collection of pages is available at the <ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.geek-girl.com/unix.html#texinfo">Geek Girl.com website</ulink>.
|
||
|
|
Included are links to pages on the following: </para>
|
||
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
||
|
|
<listitem>
|
||
|
|
<para><emphasis>Bash</emphasis> - The Bourne-again
|
||
|
|
shell</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>Configure</emphasis> - used when compiling programs
|
||
|
|
from source code</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>G++ </emphasis> - the GNU C++
|
||
|
|
compiler</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>Gcc</emphasis> - the C compiler</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>Libc</emphasis> - the GNU C library</para></listitem>
|
||
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>Make</emphasis> - a program for directing
|
||
|
|
recompilation</para>
|
||
|
|
</listitem>
|
||
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
||
|
|
<para>Note that some of these are included in the <quote>docs</quote> that come
|
||
|
|
with Linux distributions. In general, these are detailed technical documents of
|
||
|
|
particular interest to developers. However, if like me, you are not a
|
||
|
|
programmer, you may peruse the introductory sections of these documents to get
|
||
|
|
insight, for example, into those <Literal remap="tt">configure</Literal>and
|
||
|
|
<Literal remap="tt">make</Literal> commands you use when installing applications
|
||
|
|
from source code.</para>
|
||
|
|
</sect2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect2 id="gnumanuals">
|
||
|
|
<title>GNU Software and Manuals</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>Many important programs that are frequently utilized by the Linux user are
|
||
|
|
GNU utilities - for example, the <application>tar</application> (archive) and
|
||
|
|
<application>gzip</application> ( compression ) programs. Descriptions of these
|
||
|
|
programs are located at the <ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.gnu.org/software/software.html#DescriptionsOfGNUSoftware">GNU.org
|
||
|
|
website</ulink> where many <ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.gnu.org/manual/manual.html">Online Manuals</ulink> may also be
|
||
|
|
found.</para>
|
||
|
|
<para>These manuals typically provide a lot more information than is found in
|
||
|
|
the corresponding <application>man</application> page on your system. For
|
||
|
|
example , compare the <application>man</application> page and online manual for
|
||
|
|
the <application>tar</application> utility. </para>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</sect2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect2 id="glossary">
|
||
|
|
<title>Glossary of Linux-related terms</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>The <ulink url="http://www.firstlinux.com/guide/">First Linux</ulink>
|
||
|
|
online guide has a nice collection of terms and definitions, sorted
|
||
|
|
alphabetically. Go here if you encounter a term that you have not seen before or
|
||
|
|
do not understand.</para>
|
||
|
|
</sect2>
|
||
|
|
<sect2 id="webopedia">
|
||
|
|
<title>An online dictionary of computer and technology terms</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>The <ulink url="http://www.pcwebopedia.com/">PC Webopedia</ulink> consists
|
||
|
|
of a large online dictionary of computer-related terms and a search engine that
|
||
|
|
provides links to documents that discuss each item in more detail. For example,
|
||
|
|
I used this site to learn the differences between <emphasis>ISA</emphasis> and
|
||
|
|
<emphasis>PCI</emphasis> buses.</para>
|
||
|
|
</sect2>
|
||
|
|
<sect2 id="pcs">
|
||
|
|
<title>A detailed Guide to Personal Computers</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>The Topic Index to the voluminous hardware guide at <ulink
|
||
|
|
url="http://www.PCguide.com/topic.html">PC guide.com</ulink> will give you a
|
||
|
|
great idea of the contents of this website. I used it quite frequently when
|
||
|
|
first installing Linux and configuring the X Window System. I learnt a lot about
|
||
|
|
videocards and monitors, including the concepts of screen resolution, color
|
||
|
|
depth etc., useful when troubleshooting X - display problems.</para>
|
||
|
|
</sect2>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect2 id="encyclo">
|
||
|
|
<title>Gary's Encyclopedia</title>
|
||
|
|
<para><ulink url="http://members.aa.net/~swear/pedia/index.html">Gary
|
||
|
|
Momarison's website</ulink> contains a very large number of sorted Linux-related
|
||
|
|
links. You may use the <quote>find</quote> function in your browser to find
|
||
|
|
links in a particular category. Peruse this website to appreciate what it has to
|
||
|
|
offer.</para>
|
||
|
|
</sect2>
|
||
|
|
</sect1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<sect1 id="conclusions">
|
||
|
|
<title>Concluding Comments</title>
|
||
|
|
<para>If you are a Linux newbie, you may want to create a
|
||
|
|
<emphasis>Troubleshooting</emphasis> folder in your browser's bookmark list,
|
||
|
|
into which you put the hyperlinks I have included in this document, as well as
|
||
|
|
those pertinent to the distribution of Linux and the Window Manager/Desktop
|
||
|
|
Environment you use. </para>
|
||
|
|
<para>As you use these links , you will quickly become adept at troubleshooting
|
||
|
|
online.</para>
|
||
|
|
<para>Cheers and happy searching !</para>
|
||
|
|
</sect1>
|
||
|
|
</article>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|