mirror of https://github.com/tLDP/LDP
370 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
370 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
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<!doctype linuxdoc system>
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<article>
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<!-- Title information -->
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<title>The Linux ``Linux-DOS-Win95-OS2'' mini-HOWTO
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<author>Mike Harlan, <tt>r3mdh@raex.com</tt>
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<date>v1.3.1, 11 November 1997
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<abstract>
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This document presents a procedure to make 4 operating systems co-exist on a single hard disk.
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</abstract>
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<!-- Table of contents -->
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<toc>
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<!-- Begin the document -->
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<p>
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<descrip>
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<tag>Disclaimer:</tag>
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Any damages inflicted on any machine by you as a result of
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your reading of this HOWTO is still YOUR FAULT. When you read
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about deleting partitions and formatting disks, be smart.
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Realize that doing any of the above will result in loss of data.
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So, BACKUP SOON, BACKUP OFTEN. This is your second-to-the-last warning.
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<tag>Stuff to make the lawyers happy:</tag>
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Unless otherwise stated, Linux HOWTO documents are copyrighted by
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their respective authors. Linux HOWTO documents may be reproduced and
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distributed in whole or in part, in any medium physical or electronic,
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as long as this copyright notice is retained on all copies.
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Commercial redistribution is allowed and encouraged;
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however, the author would like to be notified of any such distributions.
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All translations, derivative works, or aggregate works incorporating
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Linux HOWTO documents must be covered under this copyright notice.
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That is, you may not produce a derivative work from a HOWTO
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and impose additional restrictions on its distribution.
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Exceptions to these rules may be granted under certain conditions;
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please contact the Linux HOWTO coordinator at the address given below.
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In short, we wish to promote dissemination of this information through
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as many channels as possible. However, we do wish to retain copyright
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on the HOWTO documents, and would like to be notified of any plans to
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redistribute the HOWTOs.
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If you have any questions, please contact Tim Bynum,
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the Linux HOWTO coordinator, at
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<htmlurl url="mailto:linux-howto@sunsite.unc.edu"
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name="linux-howto@sunsite.unc.edu">
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via email.
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<tag>Updates from v1.3:</tag>
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<itemize>
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<item>Updated my e-mail address.
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My address has changed from
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<htmlurl url="mailto:r3mdh@imperium.net"
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name="r3mdh@imperium.net">
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to
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<htmlurl url="mailto:r3mdh@raex.com"
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name="r3mdh@raex.com">.
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</itemize>
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<tag>Updates from v1.0:</tag>
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<itemize>
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<item>Updated my e-mail address.
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My address has changed from
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<htmlurl url="mailto:r3mdh@dax.cc.uakron.edu"
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name="r3mdh@dax.cc.uakron.edu">
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to
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<htmlurl url="mailto:r3mdh@imperium.net"
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name="r3mdh@imperium.net">.
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</itemize>
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</descrip>
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</p>
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<p>
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Now...........on with the show!
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</p>
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<sect>Introduction
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<p>
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After many days of struggle and frustration,
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I finally figured out how to accomplish what I wanted.
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I have a 1.2GB HD and 16MB RAM PC. I wanted to have 4 operating systems
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on my system: MSDOS v6.22, Windows 95, OS/2, and Linux.
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Until now, I have found no Linux HOWTO to perform the task of getting
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each and every one of these operating systems on one machine and still
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have the ability to boot each (it is possible to write the OSs to different
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partitions, but getting them to boot and not hang at the ``Starting MSDOS''
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message, for example, is something that I had to figure out.
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Well, after much trial and error,
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I have come up with the following recipe to perform this feat:
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</p>
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<p>
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Before I begin going through the procedure step-by-step,
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let me first clue you in on what I eventually wish to accomplish:
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<tscreen>
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<verb>
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<NAME> <SIZE> <LABEL> <PARTITION NUMBER>
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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MSDOS v6.22 11MB P1 Primary Partition 1
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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Windows '95 350MB P2 Primary Partition 2
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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OS/2 Boot Manager 2MB P3 Primary Partition 3
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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DOS/Win Data 511MB E1 Primary Partition 4
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OS/2 Warp 3.0 127MB E2 Extended into 4 logical
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Linux Slakware 3.2 Swap XMB E3 drives (sub-partitions)
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Linux Slakware 3.2 Native 219-XMB E4 labeled E1-E4
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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</verb>
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</tscreen>
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What does all of this mean? Well, let me talk you through it.
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First, we need to use up all 4 partitions on our 1 harddrive.
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Partitions 1 through 3 are PRIMARY partitions.
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We will store MSDOS, Win95 and the OS/2 Boot Manager
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(which inefficiently requires its OWN partition) on these partitions,
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respectively. We then have 1 partition left.
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But, we want to have a drive just for DOS/Win95 data
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(this gives us a large place to dump all of those ZIP files
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we so often download from the Internet as well as a place to store
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Win95 programs and data that we don't have enough room for
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on the Win95 partition),
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OS/2, and Linux (both a Linux native as well as Linux swap partition).
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</p>
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<p>
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Now, I've been getting a lot of grief through e-mail lately about
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why I have a separate partition for Win95 and one for DOS
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and one for Win95/DOS data.
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Here's my answer: having separate Win95 and DOS partitions isn't for everyone.
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Perhaps you don't even use DOS anymore.
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Perhaps Windows '95 is your answer for any software written for a Microsoft
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platform. Well, there are some people out there who still use DOS and
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can't live without it. Whether it's because DOS can run 16-bit applications
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faster and more efficient, or because the certain DOS program
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that you may use won't run under a Windows environment
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(the Gravis Ultrasound soundcard setup program comes to mind),
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you simply MUST be able to boot into DOS from time to time.
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This HOWTO was written with those people in mind.
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If you still have difficulty swallowing the fact that the word
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``MSDOS'' is included in this HOWTO, then feel free to sit down and write
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a Linux-Win95-OS/2-only HOWTO. :)
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</p>
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<p>
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Now, back to the diagram above.
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Like I said, we have 1 partition to cram 4 things onto:
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DOS/Win data, OS/2, and Linux native & swap.
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This can be done by creating what are called logical drives
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(or logical partitions, depending on which book you read)
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within the 1 primary partition.
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When we create these logical drives within a primary partition,
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we refer to this primary partition as an EXTENDED PARTITION
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(because it is extended beyond the scope of a single,
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primary partition and instead contains up to 3 subpartitions
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(logical drives)). Confused? If so, you might want to read the OS/2 manual
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about this topic. It will explain it better than I have here.
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</p>
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<p>
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Now, you might be scratching your head saying
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``he wants to cram 4 things onto that extended partition,
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but he just got done saying we can only have 3 subpartitions to put them on!''
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This is true, at least in MS-DOS's and OS/2's reasoning.
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But, here one of the many powerful advantages to Linux comes to save the day.
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Linux can create more than 3 subpartitions on an extended drive.
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Just how many, I don't know. But, I know it can create at LEAST 4
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(what we need). So, when we go through the steps of the installation
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procedure below, keep in mind that when we create partitions using an MSDOS
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or OS/2 program, we will only create 3 logical drives.
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Then, when we go to Linux, we will split one of them into two.
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Essentially, you can think of it as ``tricking'' MSDOS and OS/2
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into seeing only 3 logical drives, but in reality (and to Linux),
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there will be 4.
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</p>
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<sect>The Procedure
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<p>
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<descrip>
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<tag>NOTE:</tag>
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Numbers in parentheses were the number of megabytes
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that I used on my 1.2GB harddrive.
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</descrip>
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Now, let's move on to the step-by-step procedure:
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<enum>
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<item>Run <tt>view.exe</tt> on the Linux Slakware CD
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and create the Linux Boot and Linux Root floppies.
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For some reason, the Linux bootstrap program calls the Root disk
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the Ramdisk floppy. I'll refer to this disk from now on
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as the Ramdisk (Root) floppy.
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<item>Backup any information that you wish to keep to tape
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(or whatever media you have available to you).
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<item>Boot your original MSDOS installation floppy, disk 1.
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<item>When ``<tt>Starting MSDOS</tt>'' appears,
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press F5 to bypass <tt>config.sys</tt> and <tt>autoexec.bat</tt>.
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<item>Run <tt>a:\fdisk.exe</tt>.
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<item>Delete all partitions
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(you have been warned:
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DELETING / MODIFYING OF ANY PARTITION
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WILL RESULT IN THE LOSS OF ALL DATA ON THE DISK!).
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<item>Add an MSDOS primary partition. (11MB)
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<item><tt>Format</tt> this partition.
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<item>Run <tt>a:\setup.exe</tt> to install MSDOS on this partition.
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<item>Boot OS/2.
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<item>Select Advanced installation.
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<item>Run <tt>FDISK</tt>.
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(this will eventually popup for you if you run through
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the OS/2 installation)
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<item>Add 1 primary partition after the MSDOS one.
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This will become our Windows 95 partition. (349MB)
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<item>Add the Boot Manager to the next primary partition. (2MB)
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<item>Add an extended partition.
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<item>Add a logical drive to the extended partition.
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This will become the data portion of our MSDOS system. (511MB)
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<item>Add another logical drive to the extended partition.
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This will become our OS/2 HPFS (``High Performance File System'')
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partition. (127MB)
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<item>Add 1 last logical drive to the extended partition
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using the remaining space on the drive.
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This will later become 2 partitions under Linux —
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our swap partition and our native Linux partition.
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But, since OS/2 (and DOS as well) can only write up to
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6 partitions per drive (3 primary and 3 logical drives
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housed within 1 extended partition), we have to create only one
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at this time. And we DO have to create this partition.
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Don't leave this as free space and expect Linux to be able
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to create the two partitions. Due to the way that OS/2's FDISK works,
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where you add your last logical drive to the extended partition
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marks the END of the extended partition.
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You can<bf>not</bf> add partitions beyond this point.
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So, in other words, creating this one last logical drive serves
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as a space-filler for Linux. Later we will delete this partition
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and add 2 new ones in the space that it once took up.
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<item>Add partitions 1, 2, and 5 to the Boot Manager.
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<item>Make partition 5 installable.
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Your <tt>FDISK</tt> screen should now look like this
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(or something like this):
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<tscreen>
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<code>
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FDISK
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Disk 1
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___________________________________________________________________________
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Partition Information
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Name Status Access FS Type MBytes
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___________________________________________________________________________
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MSDOS Bootable C: Primary FAT 11
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WIN 95 Bootable : Primary FAT 350
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Startable : Primary BOOT MANAGER 2
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None D: Logical Unformatted 511
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OS/2 Installable E: Logical FAT 127
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None F: Logical Unformatted 219
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</code>
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</tscreen>
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<item>Continue on with the OS/2 installation process.
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<item>Reboot and select partition 2 (Windows 95) from the Boot Manager.
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<item>When the missing operating system error pops up,
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boot your MSDOS installation disk.
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We selected this partition in order to ``hide'' the MSDOS partition.
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OS/2's Boot Manager is a bit strange. For every bootable partition
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you have (in our case, MSDOS and OS/2), you can have only one of
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them visible at a time. What this means is that if you boot into
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one partition, MSDOS for example, the other partition (Win95) is
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invisible. The MSDOS partition and Win95 essentially SHARE a drive
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letter. That's why under ``Access'' above, MSDOS has drive letter C
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and Win95 has no drive letter. Under the current circumstances,
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MSDOS is visible with drive letter C and Win95 is invisible with
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no drive letter. If we were to boot Win95, the opposite would be true:
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MSDOS would be invisible with no drive letter and Win95
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would be visible with drive letter C.
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<bf>An invisible drive cannot be accessed AT ALL.</bf>
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If you wish to copy files between two drives
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in which only one can be visible at one time, you must use a common
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(non-bootable) drive to swap files.
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In our case, the DOS/Win95 Data drive (drive D 511MB above)
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will serve as this common drive. You might be asking
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``Won't we eventually be booting Linux also?''.
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The answer is yes, we will. But let's not get into that just yet.
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<item>Install MSDOS to Partition 2
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(we'll need this in order to install Windows 95).
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<item>Boot Partition 2.
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<item>Install Windows 95 to this partition (if you are running the upgrade
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version of Win95, you may need to have your Win3.1 installation disk 1
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ready to insert).
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<item>Boot Partition 1.
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<item>Format Partition 4.
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<item>Restore DOS data from tape (if any) to partitions 1 and 4.
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<item>Boot the Linux Boot Floppy.
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<item>Follow up with the Linux Ramdisk (Root) floppy.
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<item>When you log in as root and get to the <tt>#</tt> prompt,
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type ``<tt>fdisk</tt>'' and press enter.
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<item>Delete the last partition (the one we created in step 18).
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<item>Add 1 16MB partition and tag it as filesystem type Linux Swap. (17MB)
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<item>Add 1 last partition with the remaining cylinders on the disk and tag
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this as filesystem type Linux native. (198MB)
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<item>Write the changes to the boot sector and reboot.
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<item>When you get to the <tt>#</tt> prompt again, run <tt>setup</tt>.
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<item>Install Linux to the last partition.
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<item>When you install LILO, be sure to install it to the root of the last
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partition (NOT to the MBR, as you will destroy all of your previous
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work in this HOWTO if you do so). Add only the last partition to
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LILO and set the timer to zero. By doing this, when you select Linux
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from the OS/2 Boot Manager, LILO will activate
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and will then boot Linux from the logical drive on the extended
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partition. Since Linux is the only partition
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that we wish to activate from LILO, we don't need a timer on it
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(unless you have more than one Kernel that you wish to load.
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In this case, you may want to set the timer to something more
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than 0 seconds).
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<item>Activate the Linux swap partition
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(refer to the Linux Installation and Getting Started Manual
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by Matt Welsh for this).
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<item>Boot OS/2.
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<item>Run FDISK.
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<item>Add Linux to the Boot Manager using the Linux NATIVE partition
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(type <tt>83</tt> <bf>not</bf> <tt>82</tt>!).
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</enum>
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Your <tt>FDISK</tt> screen should now look like this (or something like this):
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<tscreen>
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<code>
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FDISK
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Disk 1
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___________________________________________________________________________
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Partition Information
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Name Status Access FS Type MBytes
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___________________________________________________________________________
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MSDOS Bootable C: Primary FAT 11
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WIN 95 Bootable : Primary FAT 350
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Startable : Primary BOOT MANAGER 2
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None D: Logical FAT 511
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OS/2 Bootable E: Logical HPFS 127
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None : Logical Type 82 17
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Linux Bootable : Logical Type 83 198
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</code>
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</tscreen>
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...And you're done!
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</p>
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<p>
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Send any comments/suggestions/problems (as a last resort, please!)
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to me at
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||
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<htmlurl url="mailto:r3mdh@raex.com" name="r3mdh@raex.com">.
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</p>
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<p>
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Mike Harlan,
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11 NOV 1997
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</p>
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</article>
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